| 1991 | A Goal Driven Knowledge Based System for a Domain of Private International Law. A. W. Koers, D. Kracht |
| 1991 | A Tool in Modelling Disagreement in Law: Preferring the Most Specific Argument. Henry Prakken |
| 1991 | An Application of the Expert System Shell Sigma-kilagi to the Study of Benefits Regulation of Bologna University. Giovanni Dallara, Carlo Gattei, Giovanni Sartor |
| 1991 | An Example of Integrating Legal Case Based Reasoning with Object-Oriented Rule-Based Systems: IKBALS II. George Vossos, John Zeleznikow, Tharam S. Dillon, Vivian Vossos |
| 1991 | An expert system for the application of import and export regulations. G. Van Nevel, F. Balfroid, R. Venken |
| 1991 | Argument Moves in a Rule-Guided Domain. David B. Skalak, Edwina L. Rissland |
| 1991 | Beyond Boolean Search: FLEXICON, a Legal Tex-Based Intelligent System. Daphne Gelbart, J. C. Smith |
| 1991 | Case-Based Reasoning and the Deep Structure Approach to knowledge Representation. Andrzej Kowalski |
| 1991 | Complex Input: A Practical Way of Increasing the Bandwidth for Feedback and Student Modelling in a Statute-Based Tutoring System. Tom Routen |
| 1991 | Conceptual Information Retrieval in Litigation Support Systems. Vijay Mital, Agathoclis Kyprou Stylianou, Les Johnson |
| 1991 | Coping With Change. Paul Bratley, Jacques Frémont, Ejan Mackaay, Daniel Poulin |
| 1991 | Developer's Choice in the Legal Domain: The Sisyphean Journey with DBR or Down Hill with Rules (a working paper for the case-rules panel at the third international conference of artificial intelligence and law). Donald H. Berman |
| 1991 | Expert Systems in Alternative Dispute Resolution. Michael L. Kayman, Moonja P. Kim |
| 1991 | Exploiting Isomorphism: Development of a KBS to Support British Coal Insurance Claims. Trevor J. M. Bench-Capon |
| 1991 | Extracting Legal Knowledge by Means of a Multilayer Neural Network Application to Municipal Jurisprudence. Laurent Bochereau, Danièle Bourcier, Paul Bourgine |
| 1991 | Incorporating Procedural Context into a Model of Case-based Legal Reasoning. Donald H. Berman, Carole D. Hafner |
| 1991 | Indian Central Civil Service Pension Rules: A Case Study in Logic Programming Applied to Regulations. Marek J. Sergot, A. S. Kamble, K. K. Bajaj |
| 1991 | Inductive Modelling in Law: Example Based Expert Systems in Administrative Law. Jørgen Karpf |
| 1991 | Knowledge Acquisition and Knowledge Base Refinement Problems in Developing the KBS Legal Expert System. Julia Barragán, Luciano Barragán |
| 1991 | Knowledge-Based Approaches to Government Benefits Analysis. Marc Lauritsen |
| 1991 | Legal Theory and Case-Based Reasoners: The Importance of Context and the Process of Focusing. Kenneth A. Lambert, Mark H. Grunewald |
| 1991 | Legislative Knowledge Base Systems for Public Administration: Some Practical Issues. Peter Johnson, David Mead |
| 1991 | Loge-Expert: From a Legal Expert System to an Information System for Non-Lawyers. Louis-Claude Paquin, François Blanchard, Claude Thomasset |
| 1991 | More IA Needed in AI: Interpretation Assistance for Coping with the Problem of Multiple Structural Interpretations. Layman E. Allen, Charles S. Saxon |
| 1991 | Networks at Work: A Connectionist Approach to Non-Deductive Legal Reasoning. G. J. van Opdorp, R. F. Walker, J. A. Schrickx, Cees Groendijk, P. H. van den Berg |
| 1991 | Norms and Formalization. Henning Herrestad |
| 1991 | On the Role of Prototypes in Appellate Legal Argument (Abstract). L. Thorne McCarty |
| 1991 | Perpetuities Reasoning Captured and Automated in a Logic Program. Barnett Glickfeld |
| 1991 | Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law, ICAIL '91, Oxford, England, June 25-28, 1991 Richard E. Susskind |
| 1991 | Reasoning with Portions of Precedents. L. Karl Brenting |
| 1991 | Representation of Legal Text for Conceptual Retrieval. Judith P. Dick |
| 1991 | Representing and Reasoning About Open-Textured Predicates. Kathryn E. Sanders |
| 1991 | SIREDOJ: A Legal Assistance Application about Contracts in the Building Industry. Diego Bercovich |
| 1991 | Separating World and Regulation Knowledge: Where is the Logic. Joost Breuker, Nienke den Haan |
| 1991 | THUMPER: An Expert System for Stamp Duty. Gail Swaffield |
| 1991 | The DataLex Legal Workstation: Integrating Tools for Lawyers. Graham Greenleaf, Andrew Mowbray, Alan Tyree |
| 1991 | The JURICAS-System: New Applications and Future Development. C. van Noortwijk, P. A. W. Piepers, J. G. L. van der Wees, Richard V. de Mulder |
| 1991 | The Structure of Norm Conditions and Nonmonotonic Reasoning in Law. Giovanni Sartor |
| 1991 | Toward an Intelligent Tutoring System for Teaching Law Students to Argue with Cases. Kevin D. Ashley, Vincent Aleven |