Valia Kordoni

57 papers A* 2A 2B 18C 1Misc 2Journal 9Unranked 18
YearRankTypeTitle / Venue / Authors
2024 J jnl
Scientometrics
Tirthankar Ghosal, Kamal Kaushik Varanasi, Valia Kordoni
2024 conf
eSAAM
Konstantinos Georgiou, Rosaria Rossini, Marco Jahn, Dimitrios Tsoukalas, Vassilis Voulgarakis, Sofia Tsekeridou, Mihaela Aluas, Apostolos Vontas, Dionysios D. Kehagias, Nikolaos Mittas, Apostolos Ampatzoglou, Valia Kordoni, Alexander Chatzigeorgiou, Lefteris Angelis
2024 B conf
SEAA
Mihaela Aluas, Lefteris Angelis, Ioannis Arapakis, Elvira-Maria Arvanitou, Kostantinos Georgiou, Anastasios Gogos, Marco Jahn, Dionysios D. Kehagias, Valia Kordoni, Sebastian Macaluso, Nikolaos Mittas, Vasiliki Moumtzi, Rosaria Rossini, Sofia Tsekeridou, Dimitrios Tsoukalas, Christina Volioti, Apostolos Vontas, Vassilis Voulgarakis
2023 conf
EACL (Findings)
Markus Egg, Valia Kordoni
2023 J jnl
Nat. Lang. Eng.
Kenneth Church, Annika Marie Schoene, John E. Ortega, Raman Chandrasekar, Valia Kordoni
2023 conf
IACT@SIGIR
Valia Kordoni
2022 conf
ACL (tutorial)
Kenneth Church, Valia Kordoni, Gary Marcus, Ernest Davis, Yanjun Ma, Zeyu Chen
2022 J jnl
Nat. Lang. Eng.
Kenneth Ward Church, Valia Kordoni
2022 conf
JCDL
Tirthankar Ghosal, Kamal Kaushik Varanasi, Valia Kordoni
2022 B conf
LREC
Markus Egg, Valia Kordoni
2021 J jnl
Nat. Lang. Eng.
Kenneth Ward Church, Valia Kordoni
2018 B conf
LREC
Iris Hendrickx, Eirini Takoulidou, Thanasis Naskos, Katia Lida Kermanidis, Vilelmini Sosoni, Hugo De Vos, Maria Stasimioti, Menno van Zaanen, Panayota Georgakopoulou, Valia Kordoni, Maja Popovic, Markus Egg, Antal van den Bosch
2018 conf
ACL (5)
Valia Kordoni
2018 B conf
LREC
Maximiliana Behnke, Antonio Valerio Miceli Barone, Rico Sennrich, Vilelmini Sosoni, Thanasis Naskos, Eirini Takoulidou, Maria Stasimioti, Menno van Zaanen, Sheila Castilho, Federico Gaspari, Panayota Georgakopoulou, Valia Kordoni, Markus Egg, Katia Lida Kermanidis
2018 J jnl
Comput. Electr. Eng.
Spyros Sioutas, Yannis Velegrakis, Valia Kordoni
2018 J jnl
Comput. Electr. Eng.
Spyros Sioutas, Yannis Velegrakis, Valia Kordoni
2018 B conf
LREC
Vilelmini Sosoni, Katia Lida Kermanidis, Maria Stasimioti, Thanasis Naskos, Eirini Takoulidou, Menno van Zaanen, Sheila Castilho, Panayota Georgakopoulou, Valia Kordoni, Markus Egg
2017 conf
ACL (Tutorial Abstracts)
Valia Kordoni
2016 B conf
LREC
Valia Kordoni, Antal van den Bosch, Katia Lida Kermanidis, Vilelmini Sosoni, Kostadin Cholakov, Iris Hendrickx, Matthias Huck, Andy Way
2016 conf
VarDial@COLING
Maja Popovic, Kostadin Cholakov, Valia Kordoni, Nikola Ljubesic
2016 ed.
MWE@ACL
Valia Kordoni, Kostadin Cholakov, Markus Egg, Stella Markantonatou, Preslav Nakov
2016 conf
EAMT (Projects/Products)
Valia Kordoni, Lexi Birch, Ioana Buliga, Kostadin Cholakov, Markus Egg, Federico Gaspari, Yota Georgakopoulou, Maria Gialama, Iris Hendrickx, Mitja Jermol, Katia Kermanidis, Joss Moorkens, Davor Orlic, Michael Papadopoulos, Maja Popovic, Rico Sennrich, Vilelmini Sosoni, Dimitrios Tsoumakos, Antal van den Bosch, Menno van Zaanen, Andy Way
2016 conf
MWE@ACL
Kostadin Cholakov, Valia Kordoni
2015 ed.
MWE@NAACL-HLT
Valia Kordoni, Kostadin Cholakov, Markus Egg, Stella Markantonatou, Shuly Wintner
2015 C conf
EAMT
Valia Kordoni, Kostadin Cholakov, Markus Egg, Andy Way, Lexi Birch, Katia Kermanidis, Vilelmini Sosoni, Dimitrios Tsoumakos, Antal van den Bosch, Iris Hendrickx, Michael Papadopoulos, Panayota Georgakopoulou, Maria Gialama, Menno van Zaanen, Ioana Buliga, Mitja Jermol, Davor Orlic
2014 A* conf
EMNLP
Kostadin Cholakov, Valia Kordoni
2014 B conf
LREC
Valia Kordoni, Iliana Simova
2014 ed.
MWE@EACL
Valia Kordoni, Agata Savary, Markus Egg, Eric Wehrli, Stefan Evert
2014 A conf
EACL
Will Roberts, Markus Egg, Valia Kordoni
2013 J jnl
ACM Trans. Speech Lang. Process.
Carlos Ramisch, Aline Villavicencio, Valia Kordoni
2013 ed.
MWE@NAACL-HLT
Valia Kordoni, Carlos Ramisch, Aline Villavicencio
2013 conf
ACL (Tutorial Abstracts)
Valia Kordoni, Markus Egg
2012 J jnl
Nat. Lang. Eng.
Bonnie L. Webber, Markus Egg, Valia Kordoni
2012 B conf
LREC
Stasinos Konstantopoulos, Valia Kordoni, Nicola Cancedda, Vangelis Karkaletsis, Dietrich Klakow, Jean-Michel Renders
2012 B conf
LREC
Will Roberts, Valia Kordoni
2011 Misc conf
RANLP
Kostadin Cholakov, Gertjan van Noord, Valia Kordoni, Yi Zhang
2011 B conf
IJCNLP
Kostadin Cholakov, Gertjan van Noord, Valia Kordoni, Yi Zhang
2011 ed.
MWE@ACL
Valia Kordoni, Carlos Ramisch, Aline Villavicencio
2010 conf
HLT-NAACL
Yi Zhang, Timothy Baldwin, Valia Kordoni, David Martínez, Jeremy Nicholson
2010 B conf
LREC
Valia Kordoni, Yi Zhang
2010 conf
COLING (Posters)
Yi Zhang, Valia Kordoni
2010 B conf
LREC
Max Jakob, Markéta Lopatková, Valia Kordoni
2010 B conf
LREC
Danielle Ben-Gera, Yi Zhang, Valia Kordoni
2009 conf
Linguistic Annotation Workshop
Valia Kordoni, Yi Zhang
2009 J jnl
Comput. Linguistics
Timothy Baldwin, Valia Kordoni, Aline Villavicencio
2009 conf
IWPT
Md. Faisal Mahbub Chowdhury, Yi Zhang, Valia Kordoni
2008 A* conf
ACL
Rebecca Dridan, Valia Kordoni, Jeremy Nicholson
2008 B conf
LREC
Jeremy Nicholson, Valia Kordoni, Yi Zhang, Timothy Baldwin, Rebecca Dridan
2008 conf
ACL (2)
Sergio Roa, Valia Kordoni, Yi Zhang
2008 B conf
LREC
Yi Zhang, Valia Kordoni
2007 conf
EMNLP-CoNLL
Aline Villavicencio, Valia Kordoni, Yi Zhang, Marco Idiart, Carlos Ramisch
2006 B conf
LREC
Yi Zhang, Valia Kordoni
2005 Misc conf
ALTA
Yi Zhang, Valia Kordoni
2004 B conf
LREC
Valia Kordoni, Julia Neu
2004 B conf
IJCNLP
Valia Kordoni, Julia Neu
2003 A conf
EACL
Valia Kordoni
2000 conf
KONVENS
Erhard W. Hinrichs, Julia Bartels, Yasuhiro Kawata, Valia Kordoni, Heike Telljohann
redb/extractors/apk_extractors/apk_signature.py
← Index redb/extractors/apk_extractors/apk_signature.py python
import hashlib
import inspect
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from typing import Any, Optional, Tuple

from redb.extractors.enum import Tag
from redb.extractors.apk_extractor import APKExtractor
from redb.models.dataclasses import APKCertificate, APKCodeSigningInfo


# OID to RFC 4514 short name mapping
_OID_SHORT_NAMES = {
    '2.5.4.3': 'CN', '2.5.4.6': 'C', '2.5.4.7': 'L', '2.5.4.8': 'ST',
    '2.5.4.10': 'O', '2.5.4.11': 'OU', '1.2.840.113549.1.9.1': 'E',
    '2.5.4.5': 'SERIALNUMBER', '2.5.4.12': 'T', '2.5.4.42': 'GN',
    '2.5.4.4': 'SN', '2.5.4.9': 'STREET', '2.5.4.17': 'POSTALCODE',
}


def _asn1_name_to_rfc4514(name):
    """Convert an asn1crypto x509.Name to RFC 4514 string (CN=..., O=...)."""
    parts = []
    for rdn in name.chosen:
        for attr in rdn:
            oid = attr['type'].dotted
            val = attr['value'].native
            short = _OID_SHORT_NAMES.get(oid, oid)
            parts.append(f'{short}={val}')
    return ', '.join(parts)


class APKSignatureExtractor(APKExtractor):

    def __init__(
        self, filepath, log, exporters=None, index_prefix=None,
        known_benign=False, known_malicious=False,
        apk=None,
    ):
        super().__init__(
            filepath, log, exporters, index_prefix,
            known_benign, known_malicious, apk,
        )
        self.signing_info = None
        self.log.debug(inspect.currentframe().f_code.co_name)

    def tag(self):
        return Tag.APK_SIGNATURE.value

    def _detect_signature_schemes(self):
        """Detect which APK signature schemes are present."""
        schemes = []
        try:
            if self.apk.is_signed_v1():
                schemes.append(1)
        except Exception:
            pass
        try:
            if self.apk.is_signed_v2():
                schemes.append(2)
        except Exception:
            pass
        try:
            if self.apk.is_signed_v3():
                schemes.append(3)
        except Exception:
            pass
        return schemes

    def _extract_certificate_info(self, cert, source_scheme=None):
        """Extract certificate details from an androguard certificate object."""
        try:
            # Subject and Issuer — asn1crypto doesn't have rfc4514_string, convert manually
            subject = _asn1_name_to_rfc4514(cert.subject)
            issuer = _asn1_name_to_rfc4514(cert.issuer)

            # Serial number
            serial = str(cert.serial_number)

            # Validity
            valid_from = cert.not_valid_before
            valid_to = cert.not_valid_after
            if isinstance(valid_from, datetime):
                valid_from = valid_from.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
            else:
                valid_from = str(valid_from)
            if isinstance(valid_to, datetime):
                valid_to = valid_to.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
            else:
                valid_to = str(valid_to)

            # Thumbprints
            cert_der = cert.dump()
            thumbprint_sha1 = hashlib.sha1(cert_der).hexdigest()
            thumbprint_sha256 = hashlib.sha256(cert_der).hexdigest()

            # Algorithm
            algorithm = None
            try:
                algorithm = cert.hash_algo
            except Exception:
                try:
                    algorithm = cert.signature_algo
                except Exception:
                    pass

            # Key size
            key_size = None
            try:
                pub_key = cert.public_key
                if hasattr(pub_key, 'bit_size'):
                    key_size = pub_key.bit_size
                elif hasattr(pub_key, 'key_size'):
                    key_size = pub_key.key_size
            except Exception:
                pass

            # Self-signed check
            is_self_signed = cert.subject == cert.issuer

            return APKCertificate(
                subject=subject,
                issuer=issuer,
                serial_number=serial,
                valid_from=valid_from,
                valid_to=valid_to,
                thumbprint_sha1=thumbprint_sha1,
                thumbprint_sha256=thumbprint_sha256,
                algorithm=algorithm,
                key_size=key_size,
                is_self_signed=is_self_signed,
                certificate_source_scheme=source_scheme,
            )
        except Exception as e:
            self.log.error(f"Error extracting certificate info: {e}")
            return None

    def _get_signer_certificate(self, schemes) -> Tuple[Optional[APKCertificate], Optional[str]]:
        """Identify the actual signer certificate using V3>V2>V1 priority.

        V2/V3: certificates[0] is the signer per spec.
        V1: androguard's get_certificate() does SignerInfo matching internally.

        Returns (signer_cert_info, source_scheme) or (None, None).
        """
        # V3 takes priority (Android 9+)
        if 3 in schemes:
            try:
                certs = self.apk.get_certificates_v3()
                if certs:
                    cert_info = self._extract_certificate_info(certs[0], source_scheme='v3')
                    if cert_info:
                        return cert_info, 'v3'
            except Exception as e:
                self.log.debug(f"V3 signer extraction failed: {e}")

        # V2 next (Android 7.0+)
        if 2 in schemes:
            try:
                certs = self.apk.get_certificates_v2()
                if certs:
                    cert_info = self._extract_certificate_info(certs[0], source_scheme='v2')
                    if cert_info:
                        return cert_info, 'v2'
            except Exception as e:
                self.log.debug(f"V2 signer extraction failed: {e}")

        # V1 fallback — androguard does SignerInfo.issuerAndSerialNumber matching
        if 1 in schemes:
            try:
                names = self.apk.get_signature_names()
                if names:
                    cert = self.apk.get_certificate(names[0])
                    if cert:
                        cert_info = self._extract_certificate_info(cert, source_scheme='v1')
                        if cert_info:
                            return cert_info, 'v1'
            except Exception as e:
                self.log.debug(f"V1 signer extraction failed: {e}")

        return None, None

    def _extract_all_certificates(self, schemes):
        """Extract all certificates with their source scheme tracked.

        Uses scheme-specific methods to preserve source information,
        deduplicating by thumbprint_sha1 and merging source schemes.
        """
        # cert thumbprint -> (APKCertificate, set of source schemes)
        seen = {}

        for scheme_num, method_name in [
            (3, 'get_certificates_v3'),
            (2, 'get_certificates_v2'),
            (1, 'get_certificates_v1'),
        ]:
            if scheme_num not in schemes:
                continue
            try:
                method = getattr(self.apk, method_name, None)
                if method is None:
                    continue
                certs = method()
                if not certs:
                    continue
                for cert in certs:
                    cert_info = self._extract_certificate_info(cert, source_scheme=f'v{scheme_num}')
                    if cert_info:
                        key = cert_info.thumbprint_sha1
                        if key in seen:
                            # Merge source schemes
                            existing_cert, existing_schemes = seen[key]
                            existing_schemes.add(f'v{scheme_num}')
                        else:
                            seen[key] = (cert_info, {f'v{scheme_num}'})
            except Exception as e:
                self.log.warning(f"Error extracting v{scheme_num} certificates: {e}")

        # Build final list with merged source schemes
        result = []
        for cert_info, source_schemes in seen.values():
            cert_info.certificate_source_scheme = ','.join(sorted(source_schemes))
            result.append(cert_info)

        return result

    def extract(self):
        if not self._is_valid_apk():
            self.log.error(f"Invalid APK for {self.hash.sha256}")
            return None

        schemes = self._detect_signature_schemes()
        is_signed = len(schemes) > 0

        # Extract all certificates with source scheme tracking
        certificates = self._extract_all_certificates(schemes)

        # Identify the actual signer using V3>V2>V1 priority
        signer_cert, signer_scheme = self._get_signer_certificate(schemes)

        apk_signer_subject = signer_cert.subject if signer_cert else None
        apk_signer_issuer = signer_cert.issuer if signer_cert else None

        self.signing_info = APKCodeSigningInfo(
            _id=self.sha256,
            is_signed=is_signed,
            signature_scheme_versions=schemes,
            number_of_certificates=len(certificates),
            x509_certificates=certificates if certificates else None,
            apk_signer_subject=apk_signer_subject,
            apk_signer_issuer=apk_signer_issuer,
        )
        return self.signing_info

    def prepare_export_data(self, exporter_type: str) -> Any:
        if exporter_type == "ClickHouseExporter":
            if not self.signing_info:
                return None

            current_time = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
            sig = self.signing_info

            # Signature summary table
            signature_data = [[
                self.sha256,
                int(sig.is_signed),
                sig.signature_scheme_versions,
                sig.number_of_certificates,
                sig.apk_signer_subject,
                sig.apk_signer_issuer,
                current_time,
            ]]

            # Certificates table (one row per certificate)
            certificates_data = []
            if sig.x509_certificates:
                for cert in sig.x509_certificates:
                    certificates_data.append([
                        self.sha256,
                        cert.subject,
                        cert.issuer,
                        cert.serial_number,
                        datetime.strptime(cert.valid_from, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") if cert.valid_from else None,
                        datetime.strptime(cert.valid_to, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") if cert.valid_to else None,
                        cert.thumbprint_sha1,
                        cert.algorithm,
                        cert.key_size,
                        int(cert.is_self_signed),
                        cert.certificate_source_scheme,
                        current_time,
                    ])

            return {
                'multi_table': True,
                'signature': {
                    'table': 'redb_apk_signature',
                    'data': signature_data,
                    'column_names': [
                        'sha256',
                        'is_signed', 'signature_scheme_versions',
                        'number_of_certificates',
                        'apk_signer_subject', 'apk_signer_issuer',
                        'analysis_date',
                    ],
                    'column_type_names': [
                        'FixedString(64)',
                        'UInt8', 'Array(UInt8)',
                        'UInt8',
                        'Nullable(String)', 'Nullable(String)',
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                },
                'certificates': {
                    'table': 'redb_apk_certificates',
                    'data': certificates_data,
                    'column_names': [
                        'sha256', 'certificate_subject', 'certificate_issuer',
                        'certificate_serial_number',
                        'certificate_valid_from', 'certificate_valid_to',
                        'certificate_thumbprint',
                        'certificate_algorithm', 'key_size', 'is_self_signed',
                        'certificate_source_scheme',
                        'analysis_date',
                    ],
                    'column_type_names': [
                        'FixedString(64)', 'String', 'String', 'String',
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')", "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                        'FixedString(40)',
                        'LowCardinality(String)', 'Nullable(UInt16)', 'UInt8',
                        'LowCardinality(String)',
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                },
            }

    def get_clickhouse_table(self) -> str:
        return "redb_apk_signature"