Tae-Sun Choi

131 papers A* 1A 2B 15C 5Misc 4Journal 67Unranked 37
YearRankTypeTitle / Venue / Authors
2019 J jnl
Automated delineation of non-small cell lung cancer: A step toward quantitative reasoning in medical decision science.
Int. J. Imaging Syst. Technol.
Maliazurina Saad, Ikhyun Lee, Tae-Sun Choi
2019 J jnl
Automated integrated system for stained neuron detection: An end-to-end framework with a high negative predictive rate.
Comput. Methods Programs Biomed.
Jiseok Yoon, Eun Young Choi, Maliazurina Saad, Tae-Sun Choi
2019 J jnl
Optimizing Image Focus for Shape From Focus Through Locally Weighted Non-Parametric Regression.
IEEE Access
Hoon-Seok Jang, Mannan Saeed Muhammad, Tae-Sun Choi
2018 J jnl
Computer-assisted subtyping and prognosis for non-small cell lung cancer patients with unresectable tumor.
Comput. Medical Imaging Graph.
Maliazurina Saad, Tae-Sun Choi
2017 J jnl
Deciphering unclassified tumors of non-small-cell lung cancer through radiomics.
Comput. Biol. Medicine
Maliazurina Saad, Tae-Sun Choi
2016 J jnl
Boosted NNE collections for multicultural facial expression recognition.
Pattern Recognit.
Ghulam Ali, Muhammad Amjad Iqbal, Tae-Sun Choi
2016 J jnl
Fuzzy-based hybrid filter for Rician noise removal.
Signal Image Video Process.
Muhammad Sharif, Ayyaz Hussain, Muhammad Arfan Jaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2015 J jnl
Adaptive threshold based fuzzy directional filter design using background information.
Appl. Soft Comput.
Muhammad Habib, Ayyaz Hussain, Tae-Sun Choi
2015 J jnl
Fuzzy similarity based non local means filter for Rician noise removal.
Multim. Tools Appl.
Muhammad Sharif, Ayyaz Hussain, Muhammad Arfan Jaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2014 J jnl
Automated pulmonary nodule detection based on three-dimensional shape-based feature descriptor.
Comput. Methods Programs Biomed.
Wook-Jin Choi, Tae-Sun Choi
2014 J jnl
Color differences based fuzzy filter for extremely corrupted color images.
Appl. Soft Comput.
Sohail Masood Bhatti, Ayyaz Hussain, M. Arfan Jaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2014 J jnl
Color image segmentation: a novel spatial fuzzy genetic algorithm.
Signal Image Video Process.
Ahmad Khan, Javid Ullah, M. Arfan Jaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2014 J jnl
Embedding neural networks for semantic association in content based image retrieval.
Multim. Tools Appl.
Aun Irtaza, M. Arfan Jaffar, Eisa Aleisa, Tae-Sun Choi
2014 J jnl
Estimation and optimization based ill-posed inverse restoration using fuzzy logic.
Multim. Tools Appl.
Mohsin Bilal, Ayyaz Hussain, Muhammad Arfan Jaffar, Tae-Sun Choi, Anwar M. Mirza
2014 J jnl
Fuzzy anisotropic diffusion based segmentation and texture based ensemble classification of brain tumor.
Appl. Soft Comput.
Qurat Ul Ain, M. Arfan Jaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2014 J jnl
Optimizing image focus for 3D shape recovery through genetic algorithm.
Multim. Tools Appl.
Ikhyun Lee, Muhammad Tariq Mahmood, Seong-O Shim, Tae-Sun Choi
2014 J jnl
Rician noise removal from MR images using novel adapted selective non-local means filter.
Multim. Tools Appl.
Sultan Zia, M. Arfan Jaffar, Anwar M. Mirza, Tae-Sun Choi
2013 J jnl
Accurate Registration Using Adaptive Block Processing for Multispectral Images.
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol.
Ikhyun Lee, Tae-Sun Choi
2013 J jnl
Automated Pulmonary Nodule Detection System in Computed Tomography Images: A Hierarchical Block Classification Approach.
Entropy
Wook-Jin Choi, Tae-Sun Choi
2013 C conf
Depth estimation based on blur measurement for three dimensional camera.
ICCE
Ikhyun Lee, Muhammad Tariq Mahmood, Seong-O Shim, Sung-An Lee, Tae-Sun Choi
2013 J jnl
Fast directional search algorithm for fractional pixel motion estimation for H.264 AVC.
J. Electronic Imaging
Humaira Nisar, Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi, Vooi Voon Yap
2013 J jnl
Intelligent noise detection and filtering using neuro-fuzzy system.
Multim. Tools Appl.
Sohail Masood Bhatti, Ayyaz Hussain, M. Arfan Jaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2013 J jnl
Machine learning and directional switching median-based filter for highly corrupted images.
Knowl. Inf. Syst.
Sohail Masood Bhatti, Ayyaz Hussain, M. Arfan Jaffar, Anwar M. Mirza, Tae-Sun Choi
2013 J jnl
Robust Depth Estimation and Image Fusion Based on Optimal Area Selection.
Sensors
Ikhyun Lee, Muhammad Tariq Mahmood, Tae-Sun Choi
2013 J jnl
SOM and fuzzy based color image segmentation.
Multim. Tools Appl.
Ahmad Khan, M. Arfan Jaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2012 B conf
3D Shape from Focus Using LULU Operators.
ACIVS
Roushanak Rahmat, Aamir Saeed Malik, Nidal S. Kamel, Tae-Sun Choi, Monson H. Hayes
2012 C conf
A fast and robust depth estimation method for 3D cameras.
ICCE
Seong-O Shim, Tae-Sun Choi
2012 J jnl
Content adaptive fast motion estimation based on spatio-temporal homogeneity analysis and motion classification.
Pattern Recognit. Lett.
Humaira Nisar, Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2012 J jnl
Entropy-Based Block Processing for Satellite Image Registration.
Entropy
Ikhyun Lee, Doo-Chun Seo, Tae-Sun Choi
2012 J jnl
Genetic programming-based feature transform and classification for the automatic detection of pulmonary nodules on computed tomography images.
Inf. Sci.
Wook-Jin Choi, Tae-Sun Choi
2012 J jnl
Impulse noise filtering based on noise-free pixels using genetic programming.
Knowl. Inf. Syst.
Abdul Majid, Choong-Hwan Lee, M. Tariq Mahmood, Tae-Sun Choi
2012 J jnl
Nonlinear Approach for Enhancement of Image Focus Volume in Shape From Focus.
IEEE Trans. Image Process.
M. Tariq Mahmood, Tae-Sun Choi
2012 J jnl
Quantum and impulse noise filtering from breast mammogram images.
Comput. Methods Programs Biomed.
Nawazish Naveed, Ayyaz Hussain, M. Arfan Jaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2012 J jnl
Sampling for Shape from Focus in Optical Microscopy.
IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.
Saeed Muhammad Mannan, Tae-Sun Choi
2012 C conf
Selective area based depth estimation for three dimensional camera.
ICCE
Ikhyun Lee, Tae-Sun Choi
2011 J jnl
A Fuzzy-Neural approach for estimation of depth map using focus.
Appl. Soft Comput.
Aamir Saeed Malik, Humaira Nisar, Tae-Sun Choi
2011 B conf
An unorthodox approach towards shape from focus.
ICIP
Saeed Muhammad Mannan, Tae-Sun Choi
2011 J jnl
Depth map estimation based on linear regression using image focus.
Int. J. Imaging Syst. Technol.
Aamir Saeed Malik, Taek Lyul Song, Tae-Sun Choi
2011 — conf
Gabor Based Gender Classification with Classifier Independent Feature Selection.
FGIT-SIP
Aun Irtaza, M. Arfan Jaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2011 J jnl
Optimal depth estimation by combining focus measures using genetic programming.
Inf. Sci.
M. Tariq Mahmood, Abdul Majid, Tae-Sun Choi
2010 B conf
3D shape recovery by image focus using Lorentzian-Cauchy function.
ICIP
Saeed Muhammad Mannan, Tae-Sun Choi
2010 J jnl
3D shape recovery from image focus using kernel regression in eigenspace.
Image Vis. Comput.
M. Tariq Mahmood, Tae-Sun Choi
2010 J jnl
A nonlinear Transform Based Three-Dimensional Shape Recovery from Image Focus.
Int. J. Pattern Recognit. Artif. Intell.
Asifullah Khan, M. Tariq Mahmood, Tae-Sun Choi
2010 J jnl
A novel iterative shape from focus algorithm based on combinatorial optimization.
Pattern Recognit.
Seong-O Shim, Tae-Sun Choi
2010 B conf
A novel noise-free pixels based impulse noise filtering.
ICIP
Abdul Majid, M. Tariq Mahmood, Tae-Sun Choi
2010 B conf
Computer-aided detection of pulmonary nodules using genetic programming.
ICIP
Wook-Jin Choi, Tae-Sun Choi
2010 — conf
Pre-processing for noise reduction in depth estimation.
ICDIP
Seong-O Shim, Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2009 — conf
A New Ensemble Scheme for Predicting Human Proteins Subcellular Locations.
FGIT-SIP
Abdul Majid, Tae-Sun Choi
2009 B conf
Accurate 3D shape estimation based on combinatorial optimization.
ICIP
Seong-O Shim, Tae-Sun Choi
2009 Misc conf
Approximating 3D shape using Bezier surface.
ICASSP
Saeed Muhammad Mannan, M. Tariq Mahmood, Tae-Sun Choi
2009 J jnl
Comparison of Polymers: A New Application of Shape From Focus.
IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C
Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2009 — conf
Computerized Detection of Pulmonary Nodule Based on Two-Dimensional PCA.
ICCSA (2)
Wook-Jin Choi, Abdul Majid, Tae-Sun Choi
2009 J jnl
Differentiating Honeycombed Images from Normal HRCT Lung Images.
IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst.
Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2009 B conf
Fast and efficient fractional pixel motion estimation for H.264/AVC video coding.
ICIP
Humaira Nisar, Tae-Sun Choi
2009 — conf
Lattice Constant Prediction of A
ICCSA (2)
Abdul Majid, Muhammad Farooq Ahmad, Tae-Sun Choi
2009 J jnl
Multiple initial point prediction based search pattern selection for fast motion estimation.
Pattern Recognit.
Humaira Nisar, Tae-Sun Choi
2009 — conf
Recovering 3D Shape of Weak Textured Surfaces.
ICCSA Workshops
Saeed Muhammad Mannan, Husna Mutahira, Abdul Majid, Tae-Sun Choi
2009 — conf
Shape Recovery by Focus Based Methods Using Low Pass Filter.
FGIT-FGCN
Saeed Muhammad Mannan, Husna Mutahira, Tae-Sun Choi
2009 B conf
Shape from focus using kernel regression.
ICIP
M. Tariq Mahmood, Tae-Sun Choi
2009 J jnl
Two Fusion Predictors for Multisensor Discretetime Linear System.
Int. J. Robotics Autom.
Ha Ryong Song, Moongu Jeon, Y. S. Lee, Tae-Sun Choi, Vladimir Shin
2008 B conf
A feature analysis approach to estimate 3D Shape from Image Focus.
ICIP
M. Tariq Mahmood, Tae-Sun Choi
2008 J jnl
A novel algorithm for estimation of depth map using image focus for 3D shape recovery in the presence of noise.
Pattern Recognit.
Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2008 B conf
Affects of illumination on 3D shape recovery.
ICIP
Saeed Muhammad Mannan, Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2008 — conf
An Adaptive Multi Pattern Scheme for Fast Block Motion Estimation.
ICCSA (2)
Humaira Nisar, Tae-Sun Choi
2008 — conf
DCT and PCA Based Method for Shape from Focus.
ICCSA (2)
M. Tariq Mahmood, Wook-Jin Choi, Tae-Sun Choi
2008 C conf
Depth Estimation by Finding Best Focused Points Using Line Fitting.
ICISP
Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2008 J jnl
Effect of Noise and Source Illumination on 3D Shape Recovery.
Int. J. Pattern Recognit. Artif. Intell.
Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2008 B conf
Finding best focused points using intersection of two lines.
ICIP
Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2008 — conf
Intelligent Extraction of Hidden Information from a Distorted Stego Image.
GEM
Labiba Gilani, Syed Fahad Tahir, Asifullah Khan, Tae-Sun Choi
2008 J jnl
Intelligent Extraction of a Digital Watermark from a Distorted Image.
IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst.
Asifullah Khan, Syed Fahad Tahir, Tae-Sun Choi
2008 J jnl
Linked significant tree wavelet-based image compression.
Signal Process.
Tanzeem Muzaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2008 J jnl
Machine learning based adaptive watermark decoding in view of anticipated attack.
Pattern Recognit.
Asifullah Khan, Syed Fahad Tahir, Abdul Majid, Tae-Sun Choi
2008 J jnl
Optimization technique for three-dimensional shape recovery from image focus.
J. Electronic Imaging
Muhammad Bilal Ahmad, Tae-Sun Choi
2008 — conf
Rectification of Illumination on 3D Shape Recovery.
ICCSA Workshops
Saeed Muhammad Mannan, Tae-Sun Choi
2007 J jnl
Application of Passive Techniques for Three Dimensional Cameras.
IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.
Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2007 J jnl
Application of Three Dimensional Shape from Image Focus in LCD/TFT Displays Manufacturing.
IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.
Muhammad Bilal Ahmad, Tae-Sun Choi
2007 J jnl
Consideration of illumination effects and optimization of window size for accurate calculation of depth map for 3D shape recovery.
Pattern Recognit.
Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2007 — conf
Depth Map Estimation using a Robust Focus Measure.
ICIP (6)
Aamir Saeed Malik, Seong-O Shim, Tae-Sun Choi
2007 — conf
Efficient Block Motion Estimation using Sector Based Approach.
ICIP (2)
Humaira Nisar, Tae-Sun Choi
2007 C conf
G-protein Coupled Receptor Subfamilies Prediction Based on Nearest Neighbor Approach.
BIBE
Mudassir Fayyaz, Adnan Mujahid, Asifullah Khan, Tae-Sun Choi, Nadeem Iqbal
2007 — conf
Noise Analysis for Depth Estimation.
BVAI
Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2006 — conf
A Novel Algorithm for Segmentation of Lung Images.
ISBMDA
Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2006 — conf
A robust algorithm for estimation of depth map for 3D shape recovery.
Three-Dimensional Image Capture and Applications
Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2006 — conf
Embedded Linked Significant Tree Wavelet Image Coder.
ICASSP (2)
Tanzeem Muzaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2006 J jnl
Generalized Millman's formula and its application for estimation problems.
Signal Process.
Vladimir I. Shin, Younghee Lee, Tae-Sun Choi
2006 — conf
Rectification of Illumination in Images Used for Shape from Focus.
ISVC (2)
Saeed Muhammad Mannan, Aamir Saeed Malik, Humaira Nisar, Tae-Sun Choi
2006 — conf
Reduced Quantized Colors for Content Based ImageRetrieval.
ICDM (Posters)
Jong-An Park, Muhammad Bilal Ahmad, Tae-Sun Choi, Sung Bum Pan, Youngeun An
2006 — conf
Shape From Focus Using Optimization Technique.
ICASSP (2)
Muhammad Bilal Ahmad, Tae-Sun Choi
2005 — conf
3D shape recovery from image defocus using wavelet analysis.
ICIP (1)
Muhammad Asif, Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2005 J jnl
A Heuristic Approach for Finding Best Focused Shape.
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol.
Muhammad Bilal Ahmad, Tae-Sun Choi
2005 — conf
Contour-based image mosaicking in the presence of moving objects.
Computational Imaging
Sungyong Jung, Yoon-Hee Choi, Tae-Sun Choi
2005 — conf
Fast and accurate 3D shape from focus using dynamic programming optimization technique.
ICASSP (2)
Muhammad Bilal Ahmad, Tae-Sun Choi
2005 Misc conf
Fusion of Local Kalman Filters for Dynamic Systems with Multisensor Environment.
IKE
Younghee Lee, Tae-Sun Choi, Rashid Minhas, Vladimir I. Shin
2005 J jnl
Increased Video Compression with Error-Resilience Capability Based on Macroblock Processing.
IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst.
Tanzeem Muzaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2005 Misc conf
Multiscale Segmentation of HRCT Images Using Bipolar Incoherent Filtering.
ISVC
Aamir Saeed Malik, Tae-Sun Choi
2005 J jnl
Video data reduction with error resilience based on macroblock reorder.
J. Electronic Imaging
Tanzeem Muzaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2004 — conf
A Video Mosaicking Technique with Self Scene Segmentation for Video Indexing.
ICCSA (4)
Yoon-Hee Choi, Yeong Kyeong Seong, Joo-Young Kim, Tae-Sun Choi
2004 J jnl
Depth from Defocus Using Wavelet Transform.
IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst.
Muhammad Asif, Tae-Sun Choi
2004 — conf
Enhanced Video Coding with Error Resilience Based on Macroblock Data Manipulation.
ICCSA (4)
Tanzeem Muzaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2004 J jnl
List Based Zerotree Wavelet Image Coding with Two Symbols.
IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst.
Tanzeem Muzaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2004 B conf
Processing of wavelet transform data for improved image compression.
ICIP
Tanzeem Muzaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
2004 — conf
Real-Time Video Watermarking for MPEG Streams.
ICCSA (4)
Kyung-Pyo Kang, Yoon-Hee Choi, Tae-Sun Choi
2004 J jnl
Sampling Low Significance Bits Image to Reduce Quantized Bit Rate.
IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst.
Asif Hayat, Tae-Sun Choi
2004 — conf
Scene-Based Video Watermarking for Broadcasting Systems.
ICCSA (4)
Uk-Chul Choi, Yoon-Hee Choi, Dae-Chul Kim, Tae-Sun Choi
2004 — conf
Scene-based watermarking method for copy protection using image complexity and motion vector amplitude.
ICASSP (3)
Yeong Kyeong Seong, Yoon-Hee Choi, Tae-Sun Choi
2004 — conf
Tracking of Moving Objects Using Morphological Segmentation, Statistical Moments, and Radon Transform.
ICCSA (4)
Muhammad Bilal Ahmad, Min Hyuk Chang, Seung-Jin Park, Jong-An Park, Tae-Sun Choi
2003 — conf
Image indexing by modified color co-occurrence matrix.
ICIP (3)
Seong-O Shim, Tae-Sun Choi
2003 — conf
Image indexing by modified color cooccurrence matrix.
ICASSP (3)
Seong-O Shim, Tae-Sun Choi
2003 J jnl
Noise Removal from Highly Corrupted Color Images with Adaptive Neighborhoods.
IEICE Trans. Fundam. Electron. Commun. Comput. Sci.
Mikhail G. Mozerov, Vitaly Kober, Tae-Sun Choi
2003 — conf
Shape Registration Based on Modified Chain Codes.
APPT
Muhammad Bilal Ahmad, Jong-An Park, Min Hyuk Chang, Young-Suk Shim, Tae-Sun Choi
2003 J jnl
Solution of Eigenvalue Integral Equation with Exponentially Oscillating Covariance Function.
IEICE Trans. Fundam. Electron. Commun. Comput. Sci.
Vitaly Kober, Josué Álvarez-Borrego, Tae-Sun Choi
2002 J jnl
A hard disk drive embedded digital satellite receiver with scene change detector for video indexing.
IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.
Yeong Kyeong Seong, Yun-Hee Choi, Jong-An Park, Tae-Sun Choi
2002 J jnl
Design and implementation of hard disk drive embedded digital satellite receiver with file management.
IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.
Yeong Kyeong Seong, Yun-Hee Choi, Tae-Sun Choi
2002 — conf
Edge color histogram for image retrieval.
ICIP (3)
Seong-O Shim, Tae-Sun Choi
2002 — conf
Motion estimation with a dynamic programming optimization operator.
ICIP (2)
Mikhail G. Mozerov, Vitaly Kober, Tae-Sun Choi
2001 J jnl
Shape from focus using multilayer feedforward neural networks.
IEEE Trans. Image Process.
Muhammad Asif, Tae-Sun Choi
2000 J jnl
A fast full-search motion-estimation algorithm using representative pixels and adaptive matching scan.
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol.
Jong-Nam Kim, Tae-Sun Choi
2000 B conf
An Advanced Center Biased Search Algorithm for Motion Estimation.
ICIP
Humaira Nisar, Tae-Sun Choi
2000 A conf
An Advanced Center Biased Three Step Search Algorithm for Motion Estimation.
IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (I)
Humaira Nisar, Tae-Sun Choi
2000 B conf
Extended Depth from Focus Using White Light Interferometer.
ICIP
Seok-moon Ryoo, Jae Seon Kim, Tae-Sun Choi
2000 — conf
Fast Shape from Focus Using Dynamic Programming.
Three-Dimensional Image Capture and Applications
Joungil Yun, Tae-Sun Choi
2000 A* conf
Improved Motion Stereo Matching Based on a Modified Dynamic Programming.
CVPR
Mikhail G. Mozerov, Vitaly Kober, Tae-Sun Choi
2000 B conf
Motion Vector Estimation Using Edge Oriented Block Matching Algorithm for Video Sequences.
ICIP
Muhammad Bilal Ahmad, Dong Yoon Kim, Kyoung-Sig Roh, Tae-Sun Choi
2000 A conf
Simplified EZW Image Coder with Residual Data Transmission.
IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (I)
Tanzeem Muzaffar, Tae-Sun Choi
1999 — conf
Accurate 3-D Shape Recovery Using Curved Window Focus Measure.
ICIP (3)
Joungil Yun, Tae-Sun Choi
1999 J jnl
Adaptive matching scan algorithm based on gradient magnitude for fast full search in motion estimation.
IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.
Jong-Nam Kim, Tae-Sun Choi
1999 — conf
Fast motion estimation using UESA, threshold-half-stop and adaptive partial sum scan from gradient magnitude.
ISCAS (6)
Jong-Nam Kim, Tae-Sun Choi
1999 J jnl
Local threshold and Boolean function based edge detection.
IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.
Muhammad Bilal Ahmad, Tae-Sun Choi
1999 J jnl
Real-time video coding.
IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.
Tae-Sun Choi, Jong-Nam Kim
1999 Misc conf
Three-dimensional shape recovery from focused image surface.
ICASSP
Tae-Sun Choi, Muhammad Asif, Joungil Yun
1999 J jnl
Variable grid size motion estimation using spatial transformations.
IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.
Yun-Hee Choi, Tae-Sun Choi
2025 Best paper conf
Assessing the Effectiveness of the Tigress Obfuscator Against MOPSA and BinaryNinja.
CheckMATE
Nicolò Altamura, Enrico Bragastini, Marco Campion, Mila Dalla Preda
2026 Best paper preprint
ASSEMBLAGE-DEEPHISTORY: A Cross-Build Binary Dataset with Temporal Coverage.
arXiv
Chang Liu, Noah Fleischmann, Nicolò Altamura, Edward Raff, James Holt, Kristopher Micinski