Obinna Anya

38 papers A 2B 4C 4Misc 1Journal 8Unranked 15
YearRankTypeTitle / Venue / Authors
2025 ed.
AfriCHI
Shaimaa Lazem, Obinna Anya, Mennatallah Saleh, Makuochi Samuel Nkwo, Attlee M. Gamundani, Abiodun Afolayan Ogunyemi, Omowunmi E. Isafiade
2023 ed.
AfriCHI
Nobert Rangarirai Jere, Omowunmi E. Isafiade, Abiodun Ogunyemi, Obinna Anya, Aderonke Busayo Sakpere, Dharm Singh Jat
2023 conf
AfriCHI
Obinna Anya, Abiodun Ogunyemi
2020 J jnl
IEEE Internet Things J.
Jia Hu, Peng Liu, Hong Liu, Obinna Anya, Yan Zhang
2019 J jnl
J. Reliab. Intell. Environ.
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik, Mohammed M. Alani, Jia Hu
2018 conf
IWBBIO (2)
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik
2018 book
Applications of Big Data Analytics
Mohammed M. Alani, Hissam Tawfik, Mohammed Saeed, Obinna Anya
2017 J jnl
Comput. Electr. Eng.
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik
2017 J jnl
Int. J. Cooperative Inf. Syst.
Mohamed Mohamed, Obinna Anya, Samir Tata, NagaPramod Mandagere, Nathalie Baracaldo, Heiko Ludwig
2016 J jnl
Int. J. Medical Eng. Informatics
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik
2016 C conf
WETICE
Samir Tata, Mohamed Mohamed, Obinna Anya, Takashi Sakairi, NagaPramod Mandagere, Heiko Ludwig, Nathalie Baracaldo
2016 B conf
NOMS
Obinna Anya, Heiko Ludwig, Mohamed Mohamed, Samir Tata
2016 conf
SCC
Mohamed Mohamed, Obinna Anya, Takashi Sakairi, Samir Tata, NagaPramod Mandagere, Heiko Ludwig
2016 B conf
CLOUD
Samir Tata, Mohamed Mohamed, Takashi Sakairi, NagaPramod Mandagere, Obinna Anya, Heiko Ludwig
2015 A conf
CSCW
Obinna Anya
2015 conf
CIT/IUCC/DASC/PICom
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik, Dhiya Al-Jumeily
2015 J jnl
Telematics Informatics
Hissam Tawfik, Obinna Anya
2015 A conf
ICSOC
Heiko Ludwig, Katerina Stamou, Mohamed Mohamed, NagaPramod Mandagere, Bryan Langston, Gabriel Alatorre, Hiroaki Nakamura, Obinna Anya, Alexander Keller
2014 conf
CSCW Companion
Melissa Cefkin, Obinna Anya, Steve Dill, Robert Moore, Susan U. Stucky, Osarieme Omokaro
2014 conf
CTS
Obinna Anya, John V. Carlis, Brent J. Hecht, Daniel F. Keefe, Neale R. Chumbler, Saif S. Khairat, Joseph A. Konstan, Danilo Pani, Jason Evgenides, Janet Girton, Arlene King, Joseph Zahn, Greg Padula, Mary Galvin
2014 conf
CTS
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik
2014 B conf
GROUP
Obinna Anya, Laura Carletti, Tim Coughlan, Karin Hansson, Sophia B. Liu
2013 C conf
DeSE
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik, Atulya Kumar Nagar
2013 conf
HCOMP (Works in Progress / Demos)
Obinna Anya, Melissa Cefkin, Steve Dill, Robert Moore, Susan U. Stucky, Osarieme Omokaro
2013 C conf
DeSE
Hissam Tawfik, Obinna Anya
2012 conf
BHI
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik, Atulya K. Nagar, Khalid M. Lootah
2012
Obinna Anya
2012 J jnl
IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed.
Hissam Tawfik, Obinna Anya, Atulya K. Nagar
2011 J jnl
Intell. Decis. Technol.
Obinna Anya, Atulya Nagar, Hissam Tawfik
2011 C conf
DeSE
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik, Atulya Nagar, Abdul Hakim H. M. Mohamed
2010 Misc conf
ICCS
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik, Atulya Nagar, Saad Ali Amin
2010 B conf
IJCNN
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik, Saad Ali Amin, Atulya Nagar, Khaled Shaalan
2009 conf
UKSim
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik, Atulya Nagar, Saad Ali Amin
2008 conf
ICCS (2)
Hissam Tawfik, Atulya Nagar, Obinna Anya
2008 conf
ICCS (3)
Obinna Anya, Atulya Nagar, Hissam Tawfik
2008 conf
EMS
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik, Atulya Nagar
2007 conf
Asia International Conference on Modelling and Simulation
Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik, Atulya Nagar
2007 conf
SGAI Conf. (Applications)
Obinna Anya, Atulya Nagar, Hissam Tawfik
tests/unit/test_decompile_analysis.py
← Index tests/unit/test_decompile_analysis.py python
"""Unit tests (mocked Binary Ninja) for analysis modules:
- bninja/analysis/cfg.py — CFGAnalysis
- bninja/analysis/disassembly.py — DisassemblyAnalysis
- bninja/analysis/low_level.py — LowLevelAnalysis
"""
import sys
import pytest
from unittest.mock import MagicMock

from tests.unit.conftest_binja_stubs import (
    install_binja_stubs,
    BranchType,
    InstructionTextTokenType,
    MockBasicBlock,
    MockEdge,
    MockFunction,
    MockToken,
    MockDisassemblyLine,
    MockBinaryView,
    MockSymbol,
    SymbolType,
    LowLevelILOperation,
)

install_binja_stubs()

from redb.extractors.decompiler.bninja.analysis.cfg import CFGAnalysis
from redb.extractors.decompiler.bninja.analysis.disassembly import DisassemblyAnalysis
from redb.extractors.decompiler.bninja.arch.x86 import Arch_x86


# ============================================================================
# 9a. CFGAnalysis
# ============================================================================


class TestCFGCyclomaticComplexity:
    def test_cyclomatic_complexity_linear(self):
        """Single block, no edges: E - N + 2 = 0 - 1 + 2 = 1."""
        block = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1000, end=0x1010, outgoing_edges=[])
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=[block])
        cfg = CFGAnalysis(func)
        result = cfg.extract_function_cfg()
        assert result["cyclomatic_complexity"] == 1

    def test_cyclomatic_complexity_branch(self):
        """Diamond: 4 blocks, 4 edges -> 4 - 4 + 2 = 2."""
        entry = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1000, end=0x1010)
        true_b = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1010, end=0x1020)
        false_b = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1020, end=0x1030)
        merge = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1030, end=0x1040)

        entry.outgoing_edges = [MockEdge(target=true_b), MockEdge(target=false_b)]
        true_b.outgoing_edges = [MockEdge(target=merge)]
        false_b.outgoing_edges = [MockEdge(target=merge)]
        merge.outgoing_edges = []

        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=[entry, true_b, false_b, merge])
        cfg = CFGAnalysis(func)
        result = cfg.extract_function_cfg()
        assert result["cyclomatic_complexity"] == 2

    def test_cyclomatic_complexity_loop(self):
        """Loop: 3 blocks, 3 edges -> 3 - 3 + 2 = 2."""
        header = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1000, end=0x1010)
        body = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1010, end=0x1020)
        exit_b = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1020, end=0x1030)

        header.outgoing_edges = [MockEdge(target=body), MockEdge(target=exit_b)]
        body.outgoing_edges = [MockEdge(target=header)]
        exit_b.outgoing_edges = []

        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=[header, body, exit_b])
        cfg = CFGAnalysis(func)
        result = cfg.extract_function_cfg()
        assert result["cyclomatic_complexity"] == 2


class TestCFGExtractFunctionCFG:
    def _make_simple_cfg(self):
        """Create a simple two-block CFG for testing structure."""
        entry = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1000, end=0x1010)
        exit_b = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1010, end=0x1020)

        entry.outgoing_edges = [MockEdge(source=entry, target=exit_b, edge_type=BranchType.UnconditionalBranch)]
        exit_b.incoming_edges = [MockEdge(source=entry, target=exit_b)]
        exit_b.outgoing_edges = []
        entry.incoming_edges = []

        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=[entry, exit_b])
        return func

    def test_extract_function_cfg_structure(self):
        func = self._make_simple_cfg()
        cfg = CFGAnalysis(func)
        result = cfg.extract_function_cfg()
        assert "function_address" not in result
        # New schema: no "blocks" or "measures" nesting
        assert "blocks" not in result
        assert "measures" not in result

    def test_function_cfg_new_keys(self):
        """Assert all expected keys are present in the new output dict."""
        func = self._make_simple_cfg()
        cfg = CFGAnalysis(func)
        result = cfg.extract_function_cfg()
        expected_keys = [
            "cfg_topology_hash",
            "block_count",
            "edge_count",
            "llil_total_operations",
            "call_count",
            "cyclomatic_complexity",
            "loop_count",
            "max_depth",
            "max_fan_out",
            "md_index_topdown",
            "md_index_bottomup",
            "prime_product_llil",
            "cfg_feature_tlsh",
            "wl_minhash",
            "bb_features",
            "cfg_adjacency",
        ]
        for key in expected_keys:
            assert key in result, f"Missing key: {key}"

    def test_returns_none_for_empty_blocks(self):
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=[])
        cfg = CFGAnalysis(func)
        assert cfg.extract_function_cfg() is None


class TestCFGTopologyHash:
    def _make_two_block_cfg(self):
        entry = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1000, end=0x1010)
        exit_b = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1010, end=0x1020)
        entry.outgoing_edges = [MockEdge(target=exit_b)]
        exit_b.outgoing_edges = []
        return MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=[entry, exit_b])

    def test_topology_hash_is_16_bytes(self):
        func = self._make_two_block_cfg()
        cfg = CFGAnalysis(func)
        result = cfg.extract_function_cfg()
        assert isinstance(result["cfg_topology_hash"], bytes)
        assert len(result["cfg_topology_hash"]) == 16

    def test_topology_hash_deterministic(self):
        func = self._make_two_block_cfg()
        r1 = CFGAnalysis(func).extract_function_cfg()
        r2 = CFGAnalysis(func).extract_function_cfg()
        assert r1["cfg_topology_hash"] == r2["cfg_topology_hash"]


class TestCFGLoopCount:
    def test_no_loops(self):
        entry = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1000, end=0x1010)
        exit_b = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1010, end=0x1020)
        entry.outgoing_edges = [MockEdge(target=exit_b)]
        exit_b.outgoing_edges = []
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=[entry, exit_b])
        result = CFGAnalysis(func).extract_function_cfg()
        assert result["loop_count"] == 0

    def test_single_loop(self):
        header = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1000, end=0x1010)
        body = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1010, end=0x1020)
        exit_b = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1020, end=0x1030)
        header.outgoing_edges = [MockEdge(target=body), MockEdge(target=exit_b)]
        body.outgoing_edges = [MockEdge(target=header)]
        exit_b.outgoing_edges = []
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=[header, body, exit_b])
        result = CFGAnalysis(func).extract_function_cfg()
        assert result["loop_count"] == 1


class TestCFGMaxDepth:
    def test_max_depth_linear(self):
        entry = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1000, end=0x1010)
        b1 = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1010, end=0x1020)
        b2 = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1020, end=0x1030)
        entry.outgoing_edges = [MockEdge(target=b1)]
        b1.outgoing_edges = [MockEdge(target=b2)]
        b2.outgoing_edges = []
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=[entry, b1, b2])
        result = CFGAnalysis(func).extract_function_cfg()
        assert result["max_depth"] == 2

    def test_max_depth_single_block(self):
        block = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1000, end=0x1010, outgoing_edges=[])
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=[block])
        result = CFGAnalysis(func).extract_function_cfg()
        assert result["max_depth"] == 0


class TestCFGCollectBlockLlilOps:
    """Test that _collect_block_llil_ops correctly maps LLIL data to native blocks."""

    def test_llil_fields_nonzero_with_mock_llil(self):
        """When LLIL is available, llil_total_operations and call_count should be non-zero."""
        # Two native blocks
        entry = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1000, end=0x1010)
        exit_b = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1010, end=0x1020)
        entry.outgoing_edges = [MockEdge(target=exit_b)]
        exit_b.outgoing_edges = []

        # LLIL instructions: SET_REG, CALL in first block; STORE, RET in second
        llil_instrs_1 = [
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_REG),
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CALL),
        ]
        llil_instrs_2 = [
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_STORE),
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_RET),
        ]

        # LLIL basic blocks map back to native blocks via source_block
        llil_bb1 = MockLLILBasicBlock(llil_instrs_1, source_block=entry)
        llil_bb2 = MockLLILBasicBlock(llil_instrs_2, source_block=exit_b)
        llil_func = MockLLILFunction([llil_bb1, llil_bb2])

        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=[entry, exit_b], llil=llil_func)
        result = CFGAnalysis(func, llil_function=llil_func).extract_function_cfg()

        assert result["llil_total_operations"] == 4
        assert result["call_count"] == 1
        assert result["prime_product_llil"] != 0

    def test_llil_none_gives_zero_fields(self):
        """Without LLIL, LLIL-dependent fields should be zero."""
        block = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1000, end=0x1010, outgoing_edges=[])
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=[block])
        result = CFGAnalysis(func).extract_function_cfg()

        assert result["llil_total_operations"] == 0
        assert result["call_count"] == 0
        assert result["prime_product_llil"] == 0

    def test_bb_features_with_llil(self):
        """bb_features should reflect LLIL instruction categories when LLIL is available."""
        block = MockBasicBlock(start=0x1000, end=0x1010, outgoing_edges=[])

        llil_instrs = [
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_ADD),
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_LOAD),
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CALL),
        ]
        llil_bb = MockLLILBasicBlock(llil_instrs, source_block=block)
        llil_func = MockLLILFunction([llil_bb])

        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=[block])
        result = CFGAnalysis(func, llil_function=llil_func).extract_function_cfg()

        feats = result["bb_features"]
        assert len(feats) == 1
        assert feats[0][0] == 3  # instruction count = 3
        # At least one non-zero category count (not all OTHER)
        category_counts = feats[0][1:7]
        assert sum(category_counts) > 0


# ============================================================================
# 9b. DisassemblyAnalysis
# ============================================================================


class TestDisassemblyAnalysisGetJson:
    def _make_analysis(self, instructions=None, basic_blocks=None):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        if instructions is None:
            instructions = [
                (
                    [
                        MockToken("push", InstructionTextTokenType.InstructionToken),
                        MockToken(" ", InstructionTextTokenType.TextToken),
                        MockToken("rbp", InstructionTextTokenType.RegisterToken),
                    ],
                    0x1000,
                ),
                (
                    [
                        MockToken("mov", InstructionTextTokenType.InstructionToken),
                        MockToken(" ", InstructionTextTokenType.TextToken),
                        MockToken("rsp", InstructionTextTokenType.RegisterToken),
                    ],
                    0x1003,
                ),
            ]
        if basic_blocks is None:
            basic_blocks = [MockBasicBlock(
                start=0x1000, end=0x1010,
                disassembly_text=[MockDisassemblyLine([MockToken("push rbp")])]
            )]

        func = MockFunction(
            name="test_func",
            start=0x1000,
            basic_blocks=basic_blocks,
            instructions=instructions,
            symbol=MockSymbol(symbol_type=SymbolType.FunctionSymbol, name="test_func"),
            stack_adjustment=MagicMock(value=-8),
            mlil=None,
        )
        bv = MockBinaryView()
        logger = MagicMock()
        return DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, bv, logger)

    def test_get_json_basic_structure(self):
        da = self._make_analysis()
        result, errors = da.get_json()
        expected_keys = [
            "disassembled_function_hash",
            "disassembled_function",
            "disassembled_function_no_addresses",
            "disassembled_function_name",
            "disassembled_function_address",
            "instructions_count",
            "function_type",
            "instructions_types",
            "control_flow_count",
            "memory_access_pattern",
            "register_usage",
            "data_references_count",
        ]
        for key in expected_keys:
            assert key in result, f"Missing key: {key}"

    def test_get_json_hash_deterministic(self):
        da = self._make_analysis()
        r1, _ = da.get_json()
        da2 = self._make_analysis()
        r2, _ = da2.get_json()
        assert r1["disassembled_function_hash"] == r2["disassembled_function_hash"]


class TestDisassemblyCollectInstructionTypes:
    def test_collect_instruction_types(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        instructions = [
            ([MockToken("MOV", InstructionTextTokenType.InstructionToken)], 0x1000),
            ([MockToken("ADD", InstructionTextTokenType.InstructionToken)], 0x1001),
            ([MockToken("MOV", InstructionTextTokenType.InstructionToken)], 0x1002),
        ]
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=instructions, symbol=MockSymbol())
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        types = da.collect_instruction_types()
        assert "DATA_MOVEMENT" in types
        assert "ARITHMETIC" in types

    def test_collect_instruction_types_empty(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=[], symbol=MockSymbol())
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        types = da.collect_instruction_types()
        assert types == {}


class TestDisassemblyMemoryPatterns:
    def _make_memory_instruction(self, tokens):
        return ([t for t in tokens], 0x1000)

    def test_collect_memory_patterns_stack(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        tokens = [
            MockToken("[", InstructionTextTokenType.BeginMemoryOperandToken),
            MockToken("RSP", InstructionTextTokenType.RegisterToken),
            MockToken("+0x8", InstructionTextTokenType.TextToken),
            MockToken("]", InstructionTextTokenType.EndMemoryOperandToken),
        ]
        instructions = [self._make_memory_instruction(tokens)]
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=instructions, symbol=MockSymbol())
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        patterns = da.collect_memory_patterns()
        assert "MEM_STACK" in patterns

    def test_collect_memory_patterns_direct(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        tokens = [
            MockToken("[", InstructionTextTokenType.BeginMemoryOperandToken),
            MockToken("0x402000", InstructionTextTokenType.TextToken),
            MockToken("]", InstructionTextTokenType.EndMemoryOperandToken),
        ]
        instructions = [self._make_memory_instruction(tokens)]
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=instructions, symbol=MockSymbol())
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        patterns = da.collect_memory_patterns()
        assert "MEM_DIRECT" in patterns

    def test_collect_memory_patterns_scaled(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        tokens = [
            MockToken("[", InstructionTextTokenType.BeginMemoryOperandToken),
            MockToken("RAX+RCX*4", InstructionTextTokenType.TextToken),
            MockToken("]", InstructionTextTokenType.EndMemoryOperandToken),
        ]
        instructions = [self._make_memory_instruction(tokens)]
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=instructions, symbol=MockSymbol())
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        patterns = da.collect_memory_patterns()
        assert "MEM_SCALED_INDEX" in patterns

    def test_collect_memory_patterns_base_offset(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        tokens = [
            MockToken("[", InstructionTextTokenType.BeginMemoryOperandToken),
            MockToken("RAX+0x10", InstructionTextTokenType.TextToken),
            MockToken("]", InstructionTextTokenType.EndMemoryOperandToken),
        ]
        instructions = [self._make_memory_instruction(tokens)]
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=instructions, symbol=MockSymbol())
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        patterns = da.collect_memory_patterns()
        assert "MEM_BASE_OFFSET" in patterns


class TestDisassemblyRegisterUsage:
    def test_collect_register_usage_gpr(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        instructions = [
            ([MockToken("RAX", InstructionTextTokenType.RegisterToken)], 0x1000),
        ]
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=instructions, symbol=MockSymbol())
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        regs = da.collect_register_usage()
        assert "GPR" in regs

    def test_collect_register_usage_simd(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        instructions = [
            ([MockToken("XMM0", InstructionTextTokenType.RegisterToken)], 0x1000),
        ]
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=instructions, symbol=MockSymbol())
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        regs = da.collect_register_usage()
        assert "SIMD" in regs

    def test_collect_register_usage_fpu(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        instructions = [
            ([MockToken("ST0", InstructionTextTokenType.RegisterToken)], 0x1000),
        ]
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=instructions, symbol=MockSymbol())
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        regs = da.collect_register_usage()
        assert "FPU" in regs


class TestDisassemblyMisc:
    def test_count_data_references(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=[], symbol=MockSymbol(), mlil=None)
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        assert da.count_data_references() == 0

    def test_compute_max_block_size(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        blocks = [
            MockBasicBlock(disassembly_text=[MockDisassemblyLine([]) for _ in range(3)]),
            MockBasicBlock(disassembly_text=[MockDisassemblyLine([]) for _ in range(5)]),
        ]
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, basic_blocks=blocks, instructions=[], symbol=MockSymbol())
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        assert da.compute_max_block_size() == 5

    def test_compute_num_calls(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        instructions = [
            ([MockToken("CALL", InstructionTextTokenType.InstructionToken)], 0x1000),
            ([MockToken("MOV", InstructionTextTokenType.InstructionToken)], 0x1005),
            ([MockToken("CALL", InstructionTextTokenType.InstructionToken)], 0x1010),
        ]
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=instructions, symbol=MockSymbol())
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        assert da.compute_num_calls() == 2

    def test_estimate_stack_size_value(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        stack = MagicMock()
        stack.value = -16
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=[], symbol=MockSymbol(), stack_adjustment=stack)
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        assert da.estimate_stack_size() == -16

    def test_estimate_stack_size_int(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=[], symbol=MockSymbol(), stack_adjustment=-8)
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        assert da.estimate_stack_size() == -8

    def test_normalize_opcode(self):
        arch = Arch_x86()
        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, instructions=[], symbol=MockSymbol())
        da = DisassemblyAnalysis(arch, func, MockBinaryView(), MagicMock())
        assert da.normalize_opcode("mov") == "MOV"
        assert da.normalize_opcode("PUSH") == "PUSH"


# ============================================================================
# 9c. LowLevelAnalysis (basic tests with mocked LLIL)
# ============================================================================


class MockLLILInstruction:
    """Mock LLIL instruction for low_level.py tests."""
    def __init__(self, operation, operands=None, address=0):
        self.operation = operation
        self.operands = operands or []
        self.address = address

    def __str__(self):
        return f"LLIL_{self.operation}"


class MockLLILBasicBlock:
    def __init__(self, instructions, source_block=None):
        self._instructions = instructions
        self.source_block = source_block

    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self._instructions)


class MockLLILFunction:
    def __init__(self, basic_blocks):
        self.basic_blocks = basic_blocks
        self._instructions = []
        for bb in basic_blocks:
            self._instructions.extend(bb._instructions)

    @property
    def instructions(self):
        return iter(self._instructions)

    @property
    def source_function(self):
        mock = MagicMock()
        mock.start = 0x1000
        return mock


class TestLowLevelAnalysisCountControlFlow:
    def test_count_control_flow_instructions(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.bninja.analysis.low_level import LowLevelAnalysis
        instrs = [
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_IF),
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_REG),
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CALL),
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_GOTO),
        ]
        bb = MockLLILBasicBlock(instrs)
        llil_func = MockLLILFunction([bb])

        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, llil=llil_func, symbol=MockSymbol())
        func.low_level_il = None
        bv = MockBinaryView()
        bv.arch = MagicMock()
        bv.arch.stack_pointer = "sp"
        la = LowLevelAnalysis(func, bv, MagicMock())
        assert la.count_control_flow_instructions() == 3  # IF, CALL, GOTO


class TestLowLevelAnalysisNumCalls:
    def test_compute_num_calls_llil(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.bninja.analysis.low_level import LowLevelAnalysis
        instrs = [
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CALL),
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_TAILCALL),
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_REG),
        ]
        bb = MockLLILBasicBlock(instrs)
        llil_func = MockLLILFunction([bb])

        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, llil=llil_func, symbol=MockSymbol())
        func.low_level_il = None
        bv = MockBinaryView()
        la = LowLevelAnalysis(func, bv, MagicMock())
        assert la.compute_num_calls() == 2


class TestLowLevelAnalysisCollectNormalization:
    def test_collect_low_level(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.bninja.analysis.low_level import LowLevelAnalysis
        instrs = [
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_REG, address=0x1000),
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_STORE, address=0x1004),
        ]
        bb = MockLLILBasicBlock(instrs)
        llil_func = MockLLILFunction([bb])

        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, llil=llil_func, symbol=MockSymbol())
        func.low_level_il = None
        bv = MockBinaryView()
        la = LowLevelAnalysis(func, bv, MagicMock())
        result, _ = la._collect_low_level_and_with_addr()
        assert len(result) == 2
        # Each item is a list of operation ints
        assert isinstance(result[0], list)

    def test_collect_low_level_with_addr_offset_clamping(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.bninja.analysis.low_level import LowLevelAnalysis
        instrs = [
            MockLLILInstruction(LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_REG, address=0x0FFF),  # Before function start
        ]
        bb = MockLLILBasicBlock(instrs)
        llil_func = MockLLILFunction([bb])

        func = MockFunction(start=0x1000, llil=llil_func, symbol=MockSymbol())
        func.low_level_il = None
        bv = MockBinaryView()
        la = LowLevelAnalysis(func, bv, MagicMock())
        _, result = la._collect_low_level_and_with_addr()
        assert len(result) == 1
        offset, _ = result[0]
        assert offset == 0  # Clamped to 0