Neel Dhanaraj

16 papers A* 5B 1C 1Journal 5Unranked 4
YearRankTypeTitle / Venue / Authors
2025 A* conf
ICRA
Rishabh Shukla, Raj Talan, Samrudh Moode, Neel Dhanaraj, Jeon Ho Kang, Satyandra K. Gupta
2025 J jnl
IEEE Trans Autom. Sci. Eng.
Neel Dhanaraj, Heramb Nemlekar, Stefanos Nikolaidis, Satyandra K. Gupta
2025 conf
CASE
Jeon Ho Kang, Sagar Joshi, Neel Dhanaraj, Satyandra K. Gupta
2024 A* conf
ICRA
Neel Dhanaraj, Jeon Ho Kang, Anirban Mukherjee, Heramb Nemlekar, Stefanos Nikolaidis, Satyandra K. Gupta
2024 conf
CASE
Neel Dhanaraj, Minseok Jeon, Jeon Ho Kang, Stefanos Nikolaidis, Satyandra K. Gupta
2024 J jnl
IEEE Robotics Autom. Lett.
Heramb Nemlekar, Naren Sivagnanadasan, Subham Banga, Neel Dhanaraj, Satyandra K. Gupta, Stefanos Nikolaidis
2024 A* conf
ICRA
Jeon Ho Kang, Neel Dhanaraj, Siddhant Wadaskar, Satyandra K. Gupta
2023 A* conf
ICRA
Neel Dhanaraj, Santosh V. Narayan, Stefanos Nikolaidis, Satyandra K. Gupta
2023 A* conf
HRI
Heramb Nemlekar, Neel Dhanaraj, Angelos Guan, Satyandra K. Gupta, Stefanos Nikolaidis
2022 B conf
RO-MAN
Neel Dhanaraj, Rishi K. Malhan, Heramb Nemlekar, Stefanos Nikolaidis, Satyandra K. Gupta
2022 J jnl
J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng.
Sarah Al-Hussaini, Neel Dhanaraj, Jason M. Gregory, Rex Jomy Joseph, Shantanu Thakar, Brual C. Shah, Jeremy A. Marvel, Satyandra K. Gupta
2021 C conf
ISM
Neel Dhanaraj, Yeo Jung Yoon, Rishi K. Malhan, Prahar M. Bhatt, Shantanu Thakar, Satyandra K. Gupta
2021 conf
SSRR
Sarah Al-Hussaini, Jason M. Gregory, Neel Dhanaraj, Satyandra K. Gupta
2021 J jnl
IEEE Robotics Autom. Lett.
Caleb Wagner, Neel Dhanaraj, Trevor Rizzo, Josue Contreras, Hannan Liang, Gregory C. Lewin, Carlo Pinciroli
2020 J jnl
CoRR
Caleb Wagner, Neel Dhanaraj, Trevor Rizzo, Josue Contreras, Hannan Liang, Gregory C. Lewin, Carlo Pinciroli
2019 conf
ICAR
Neel Dhanaraj, Julietta Maffeo, Guilherme A. S. Pereira, Jason N. Gross, Yu Gu, Nathan Hewitt, Casey Edmonds-Estes, Rachel Jarman, Jeongwoo Seo, Henry Gunner, Alexandra Hatfield, Tucker Johnson, Lunet Yifru
redb/extractors/apk_extractors/apk_features.py
← Index redb/extractors/apk_extractors/apk_features.py python
import inspect
import zipfile
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from typing import Any

from redb.extractors.enum import Tag
from redb.extractors.apk_extractor import APKExtractor
from redb.models.dataclasses import APKFeatures


class APKFeaturesExtractor(APKExtractor):

    def __init__(
        self, filepath, log, exporters=None, index_prefix=None,
        known_benign=False, known_malicious=False,
        apk=None,
    ):
        super().__init__(
            filepath, log, exporters, index_prefix,
            known_benign, known_malicious, apk,
        )
        self.apk_features = None
        self.log.debug(inspect.currentframe().f_code.co_name)

    def tag(self):
        return Tag.APK_FEATURES.value

    def _extract_zip_timestamps(self):
        """Extract earliest and latest content modification from ZIP entries."""
        earliest = None
        latest = None
        try:
            zf = self._get_zip_file()
            if zf:
                with zf:
                    for info in zf.infolist():
                        try:
                            dt = datetime(*info.date_time)
                            if earliest is None or dt < earliest:
                                earliest = dt
                            if latest is None or dt > latest:
                                latest = dt
                        except (ValueError, TypeError):
                            continue
        except Exception as e:
            self.log.warning(f"Error extracting ZIP timestamps: {e}")
        return (
            earliest.isoformat() if earliest else None,
            latest.isoformat() if latest else None,
        )

    def _extract_supported_abis(self):
        """Determine supported ABIs from lib/ directory."""
        abis = set()
        for f in self._list_files():
            if f.startswith("lib/") and f.endswith(".so"):
                parts = f.split("/")
                if len(parts) >= 3:
                    abis.add(parts[1])
        return sorted(abis)

    def _count_dex_files(self):
        """Count DEX files and compute total size."""
        dex_count = 0
        total_size = 0
        try:
            zf = self._get_zip_file()
            if zf:
                with zf:
                    for info in zf.infolist():
                        if info.filename.endswith(".dex"):
                            dex_count += 1
                            total_size += info.file_size
        except Exception as e:
            self.log.warning(f"Error counting DEX files: {e}")
        return dex_count, total_size

    def _check_embedded_apk(self):
        """Check if the archive contains nested APK files."""
        for f in self._list_files():
            if f.lower().endswith(".apk"):
                return True
        return False

    def _safe_extract(self, field_name, func, default=None):
        """Extract a single field, logging and returning default on failure."""
        try:
            return func()
        except Exception as e:
            self.log.warning(
                f"Error extracting APK field '{field_name}' for "
                f"{self.hash.sha256}: {e}"
            )
            return default

    def extract(self):
        if not self._is_valid_apk():
            self.log.error(f"Invalid APK for {self.hash.sha256}")
            return None

        package_name = self._safe_extract(
            "package_name", lambda: self.apk.get_package()
        )
        app_name = self._safe_extract(
            "app_name", lambda: self.apk.get_app_name()
        )

        def _get_version_code():
            try:
                return int(self.apk.get_androidversion_code() or 0)
            except (ValueError, TypeError):
                return 0

        version_code = self._safe_extract("version_code", _get_version_code)
        version_name = self._safe_extract(
            "version_name", lambda: self.apk.get_androidversion_name()
        )

        def _get_sdk(getter):
            val = getter()
            return int(val) if val else None

        min_sdk = self._safe_extract(
            "min_sdk_version", lambda: _get_sdk(self.apk.get_min_sdk_version)
        )
        target_sdk = self._safe_extract(
            "target_sdk_version", lambda: _get_sdk(self.apk.get_target_sdk_version)
        )
        compile_sdk = self._safe_extract(
            "compile_sdk_version",
            lambda: _get_sdk(self.apk.get_effective_target_sdk_version),
        )

        main_activity = self._safe_extract(
            "main_activity", lambda: self.apk.get_main_activity()
        )

        is_debuggable = self._safe_extract(
            "is_debuggable",
            lambda: self.apk.get_attribute_value(
                "application", "debuggable"
            ) == "true",
            False,
        )
        allow_backup = self._safe_extract(
            "allow_backup",
            lambda: self.apk.get_attribute_value(
                "application", "allowBackup"
            ) != "false",
            True,
        )
        uses_cleartext = self._safe_extract(
            "uses_cleartext_traffic",
            lambda: self.apk.get_attribute_value(
                "application", "usesCleartextTraffic"
            ) == "true",
            False,
        )

        supported_abis = self._safe_extract(
            "supported_abis", self._extract_supported_abis, []
        )
        dex_count, total_dex_size = self._safe_extract(
            "dex_files", self._count_dex_files, (0, 0)
        )
        all_files = self._safe_extract("file_list", self._list_files, [])
        total_file_count = len(all_files)
        has_native_code = any(
            f.startswith("lib/") and f.endswith(".so") for f in all_files
        )
        has_assets = any(f.startswith("assets/") for f in all_files)
        contains_embedded_apk = self._safe_extract(
            "contains_embedded_apk", self._check_embedded_apk, False
        )

        uses_libraries = self._safe_extract(
            "uses_libraries",
            lambda: list(self.apk.get_libraries() or []),
            [],
        )

        earliest_mod, latest_mod = self._safe_extract(
            "zip_timestamps", self._extract_zip_timestamps, (None, None)
        )

        self.apk_features = APKFeatures(
            package_name=package_name,
            app_name=app_name,
            version_code=version_code,
            version_name=version_name,
            min_sdk_version=min_sdk,
            target_sdk_version=target_sdk,
            compile_sdk_version=compile_sdk,
            main_activity=main_activity,
            is_debuggable=is_debuggable,
            allow_backup=allow_backup,
            uses_cleartext_traffic=uses_cleartext,
            supported_abis=supported_abis,
            dex_count=dex_count,
            total_dex_size=total_dex_size,
            total_file_count=total_file_count,
            has_native_code=has_native_code,
            has_assets=has_assets,
            uses_libraries=uses_libraries,
            earliest_content_modification=earliest_mod,
            latest_content_modification=latest_mod,
            contains_embedded_apk=contains_embedded_apk,
        )
        return self.apk_features

    def prepare_export_data(self, exporter_type: str) -> Any:
        if exporter_type == "ClickHouseExporter":
            if not self.apk_features:
                return None

            f = self.apk_features
            current_time = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
            data = [[
                self.sha256,
                f.package_name,
                f.app_name,
                f.version_code,
                f.version_name,
                f.min_sdk_version,
                f.target_sdk_version,
                f.compile_sdk_version,
                f.main_activity,
                int(f.is_debuggable),
                int(f.allow_backup),
                int(f.uses_cleartext_traffic),
                f.supported_abis,
                f.dex_count,
                f.total_dex_size,
                f.total_file_count,
                int(f.has_native_code),
                int(f.has_assets),
                f.uses_libraries,
                f.earliest_content_modification,
                f.latest_content_modification,
                int(f.contains_embedded_apk),
                current_time,
            ]]

            column_names = [
                "sha256",
                "package_name", "app_name", "version_code", "version_name",
                "min_sdk_version", "target_sdk_version", "compile_sdk_version",
                "main_activity",
                "is_debuggable", "allow_backup", "uses_cleartext_traffic",
                "supported_abis",
                "dex_count", "total_dex_size", "total_file_count",
                "has_native_code", "has_assets",
                "uses_libraries",
                "earliest_content_modification", "latest_content_modification",
                "contains_embedded_apk",
                "analysis_date",
            ]

            column_type_names = [
                "FixedString(64)",
                "Nullable(String)", "Nullable(String)", "Nullable(UInt32)", "Nullable(String)",
                "Nullable(UInt16)", "Nullable(UInt16)", "Nullable(UInt16)",
                "Nullable(String)",
                "UInt8", "UInt8", "UInt8",
                "Array(String)",
                "UInt16", "UInt64", "UInt32",
                "UInt8", "UInt8",
                "Array(String)",
                "Nullable(String)", "Nullable(String)",
                "UInt8",
                "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
            ]

            return (data, column_names, column_type_names)

    def get_clickhouse_table(self) -> str:
        return "redb_apk_features"