Man Shi

24 papers A* 3C 1Journal 17Unranked 3
YearRankTypeTitle / Venue / Authors
2026 J jnl
IEEE Trans. Comput. Aided Des. Integr. Circuits Syst.
Jiacong Sun, Man Shi, Mahesh Subedar, Georges G. E. Gielen, Marian Verhelst
2025 A* conf
HPCA
Chao Fang, Man Shi, Robin Geens, Arne Symons, Zhongfeng Wang, Marian Verhelst
2025 J jnl
CoRR
Man Shi, Vikram Jain, Antony Joseph, Maurice Meijer, Marian Verhelst
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Chao Fang, Man Shi, Robin Geens, Arne Symons, Zhongfeng Wang, Marian Verhelst
2024 A* conf
HPCA
Man Shi, Vikram Jain, Antony Joseph, Maurice Meijer, Marian Verhelst
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Man Shi, Steven Colleman, Charlotte VanDeMieroop, Antony Joseph, Maurice Meijer, Wim Dehaene, Marian Verhelst
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Steven Colleman, Man Shi, Marian Verhelst
2024 conf
SOCC
Robin Geens, Man Shi, Arne Symons, Chao Fang, Marian Verhelst
2024 J jnl
IEEE Access
Shuang Li, Shengxian Li, Jianrong Yuan, Jun Liu, Man Shi
2024 C conf
IV
Mo Han, Hongwen He, Jianfei Cao, Jingda Wu, Wei Liu, Man Shi
2024 J jnl
IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
Man Shi, Hongwen He, Jianwei Li, Mo Han, Xuyang Zhao, Denis Gillet
2023 conf
ISQED
Man Shi, Steven Colleman, Charlotte VanDeMieroop, Antony Joseph, Maurice Meijer, Wim Dehaene, Marian Verhelst
2023 J jnl
IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. Syst.
Steven Colleman, Man Shi, Marian Verhelst
2023 J jnl
IEEE J. Solid State Circuits
Pouya Houshmand, Giuseppe Maria Sarda, Vikram Jain, Kodai Ueyoshi, Ioannis A. Papistas, Man Shi, Qilin Zheng, Debjyoti Bhattacharjee, Arindam Mallik, Peter Debacker, Diederik Verkest, Marian Verhelst
2023 J jnl
IEEE Trans. Ind. Informatics
Xuyang Zhao, Hongwen He, Jianwei Li, Zhongbao Wei, Ruchen Huang, Man Shi
2022 conf
ISSCC
Kodai Ueyoshi, Ioannis A. Papistas, Pouya Houshmand, Giuseppe Maria Sarda, Vikram Jain, Man Shi, Qilin Zheng, Juan Sebastian Piedrahita Giraldo, Peter Vrancx, Jonas Doevenspeck, Debjyoti Bhattacharjee, Stefan Cosemans, Arindam Mallik, Peter Debacker, Diederik Verkest, Marian Verhelst
2022 J jnl
IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
Man Shi, Hongwen He, Jianwei Li, Mo Han, Nana Zhou
2021 J jnl
IEEE J. Solid State Circuits
Fengbin Tu, Weiwei Wu, Yang Wang, Hongjiang Chen, Feng Xiong, Man Shi, Ning Li, Jinyi Deng, Tianbao Chen, Leibo Liu, Shaojun Wei, Yuan Xie, Shouyi Yin
2021 J jnl
IEEE J. Solid State Circuits
Fengbin Tu, Weiwei Wu, Yang Wang, Hongjiang Chen, Feng Xiong, Man Shi, Ning Li, Jinyi Deng, Tianbao Chen, Leibo Liu, Shaojun Wei, Yuan Xie, Shouyi Yin
2021 J jnl
IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Circuits Syst.
Man Shi, Pouya Houshmand, Linyan Mei, Marian Verhelst
2020 J jnl
Sensors
Bing Lu, Hongwen He, Huilong Yu, Hong Wang, Guofa Li, Man Shi, Dongpu Cao
2020 A* conf
DAC
Feng Xiong, Fengbin Tu, Man Shi, Yang Wang, Leibo Liu, Shaojun Wei, Shouyi Yin
2019 J jnl
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Express Briefs
Man Shi, Peng Ouyang, Shouyi Yin, Leibo Liu, Shaojun Wei
2018 J jnl
计算机科学
Man Shi, Junfeng Wang, Xiao Xue, Changbing Zhou
redb/extractors/apk_extractors/apk_signature.py
← Index redb/extractors/apk_extractors/apk_signature.py python
import hashlib
import inspect
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from typing import Any, Optional, Tuple

from redb.extractors.enum import Tag
from redb.extractors.apk_extractor import APKExtractor
from redb.models.dataclasses import APKCertificate, APKCodeSigningInfo


# OID to RFC 4514 short name mapping
_OID_SHORT_NAMES = {
    '2.5.4.3': 'CN', '2.5.4.6': 'C', '2.5.4.7': 'L', '2.5.4.8': 'ST',
    '2.5.4.10': 'O', '2.5.4.11': 'OU', '1.2.840.113549.1.9.1': 'E',
    '2.5.4.5': 'SERIALNUMBER', '2.5.4.12': 'T', '2.5.4.42': 'GN',
    '2.5.4.4': 'SN', '2.5.4.9': 'STREET', '2.5.4.17': 'POSTALCODE',
}


def _asn1_name_to_rfc4514(name):
    """Convert an asn1crypto x509.Name to RFC 4514 string (CN=..., O=...)."""
    parts = []
    for rdn in name.chosen:
        for attr in rdn:
            oid = attr['type'].dotted
            val = attr['value'].native
            short = _OID_SHORT_NAMES.get(oid, oid)
            parts.append(f'{short}={val}')
    return ', '.join(parts)


class APKSignatureExtractor(APKExtractor):

    def __init__(
        self, filepath, log, exporters=None, index_prefix=None,
        known_benign=False, known_malicious=False,
        apk=None,
    ):
        super().__init__(
            filepath, log, exporters, index_prefix,
            known_benign, known_malicious, apk,
        )
        self.signing_info = None
        self.log.debug(inspect.currentframe().f_code.co_name)

    def tag(self):
        return Tag.APK_SIGNATURE.value

    def _detect_signature_schemes(self):
        """Detect which APK signature schemes are present."""
        schemes = []
        try:
            if self.apk.is_signed_v1():
                schemes.append(1)
        except Exception:
            pass
        try:
            if self.apk.is_signed_v2():
                schemes.append(2)
        except Exception:
            pass
        try:
            if self.apk.is_signed_v3():
                schemes.append(3)
        except Exception:
            pass
        return schemes

    def _extract_certificate_info(self, cert, source_scheme=None):
        """Extract certificate details from an androguard certificate object."""
        try:
            # Subject and Issuer — asn1crypto doesn't have rfc4514_string, convert manually
            subject = _asn1_name_to_rfc4514(cert.subject)
            issuer = _asn1_name_to_rfc4514(cert.issuer)

            # Serial number
            serial = str(cert.serial_number)

            # Validity
            valid_from = cert.not_valid_before
            valid_to = cert.not_valid_after
            if isinstance(valid_from, datetime):
                valid_from = valid_from.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
            else:
                valid_from = str(valid_from)
            if isinstance(valid_to, datetime):
                valid_to = valid_to.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
            else:
                valid_to = str(valid_to)

            # Thumbprints
            cert_der = cert.dump()
            thumbprint_sha1 = hashlib.sha1(cert_der).hexdigest()
            thumbprint_sha256 = hashlib.sha256(cert_der).hexdigest()

            # Algorithm
            algorithm = None
            try:
                algorithm = cert.hash_algo
            except Exception:
                try:
                    algorithm = cert.signature_algo
                except Exception:
                    pass

            # Key size
            key_size = None
            try:
                pub_key = cert.public_key
                if hasattr(pub_key, 'bit_size'):
                    key_size = pub_key.bit_size
                elif hasattr(pub_key, 'key_size'):
                    key_size = pub_key.key_size
            except Exception:
                pass

            # Self-signed check
            is_self_signed = cert.subject == cert.issuer

            return APKCertificate(
                subject=subject,
                issuer=issuer,
                serial_number=serial,
                valid_from=valid_from,
                valid_to=valid_to,
                thumbprint_sha1=thumbprint_sha1,
                thumbprint_sha256=thumbprint_sha256,
                algorithm=algorithm,
                key_size=key_size,
                is_self_signed=is_self_signed,
                certificate_source_scheme=source_scheme,
            )
        except Exception as e:
            self.log.error(f"Error extracting certificate info: {e}")
            return None

    def _get_signer_certificate(self, schemes) -> Tuple[Optional[APKCertificate], Optional[str]]:
        """Identify the actual signer certificate using V3>V2>V1 priority.

        V2/V3: certificates[0] is the signer per spec.
        V1: androguard's get_certificate() does SignerInfo matching internally.

        Returns (signer_cert_info, source_scheme) or (None, None).
        """
        # V3 takes priority (Android 9+)
        if 3 in schemes:
            try:
                certs = self.apk.get_certificates_v3()
                if certs:
                    cert_info = self._extract_certificate_info(certs[0], source_scheme='v3')
                    if cert_info:
                        return cert_info, 'v3'
            except Exception as e:
                self.log.debug(f"V3 signer extraction failed: {e}")

        # V2 next (Android 7.0+)
        if 2 in schemes:
            try:
                certs = self.apk.get_certificates_v2()
                if certs:
                    cert_info = self._extract_certificate_info(certs[0], source_scheme='v2')
                    if cert_info:
                        return cert_info, 'v2'
            except Exception as e:
                self.log.debug(f"V2 signer extraction failed: {e}")

        # V1 fallback — androguard does SignerInfo.issuerAndSerialNumber matching
        if 1 in schemes:
            try:
                names = self.apk.get_signature_names()
                if names:
                    cert = self.apk.get_certificate(names[0])
                    if cert:
                        cert_info = self._extract_certificate_info(cert, source_scheme='v1')
                        if cert_info:
                            return cert_info, 'v1'
            except Exception as e:
                self.log.debug(f"V1 signer extraction failed: {e}")

        return None, None

    def _extract_all_certificates(self, schemes):
        """Extract all certificates with their source scheme tracked.

        Uses scheme-specific methods to preserve source information,
        deduplicating by thumbprint_sha1 and merging source schemes.
        """
        # cert thumbprint -> (APKCertificate, set of source schemes)
        seen = {}

        for scheme_num, method_name in [
            (3, 'get_certificates_v3'),
            (2, 'get_certificates_v2'),
            (1, 'get_certificates_v1'),
        ]:
            if scheme_num not in schemes:
                continue
            try:
                method = getattr(self.apk, method_name, None)
                if method is None:
                    continue
                certs = method()
                if not certs:
                    continue
                for cert in certs:
                    cert_info = self._extract_certificate_info(cert, source_scheme=f'v{scheme_num}')
                    if cert_info:
                        key = cert_info.thumbprint_sha1
                        if key in seen:
                            # Merge source schemes
                            existing_cert, existing_schemes = seen[key]
                            existing_schemes.add(f'v{scheme_num}')
                        else:
                            seen[key] = (cert_info, {f'v{scheme_num}'})
            except Exception as e:
                self.log.warning(f"Error extracting v{scheme_num} certificates: {e}")

        # Build final list with merged source schemes
        result = []
        for cert_info, source_schemes in seen.values():
            cert_info.certificate_source_scheme = ','.join(sorted(source_schemes))
            result.append(cert_info)

        return result

    def extract(self):
        if not self._is_valid_apk():
            self.log.error(f"Invalid APK for {self.hash.sha256}")
            return None

        schemes = self._detect_signature_schemes()
        is_signed = len(schemes) > 0

        # Extract all certificates with source scheme tracking
        certificates = self._extract_all_certificates(schemes)

        # Identify the actual signer using V3>V2>V1 priority
        signer_cert, signer_scheme = self._get_signer_certificate(schemes)

        apk_signer_subject = signer_cert.subject if signer_cert else None
        apk_signer_issuer = signer_cert.issuer if signer_cert else None

        self.signing_info = APKCodeSigningInfo(
            _id=self.sha256,
            is_signed=is_signed,
            signature_scheme_versions=schemes,
            number_of_certificates=len(certificates),
            x509_certificates=certificates if certificates else None,
            apk_signer_subject=apk_signer_subject,
            apk_signer_issuer=apk_signer_issuer,
        )
        return self.signing_info

    def prepare_export_data(self, exporter_type: str) -> Any:
        if exporter_type == "ClickHouseExporter":
            if not self.signing_info:
                return None

            current_time = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
            sig = self.signing_info

            # Signature summary table
            signature_data = [[
                self.sha256,
                int(sig.is_signed),
                sig.signature_scheme_versions,
                sig.number_of_certificates,
                sig.apk_signer_subject,
                sig.apk_signer_issuer,
                current_time,
            ]]

            # Certificates table (one row per certificate)
            certificates_data = []
            if sig.x509_certificates:
                for cert in sig.x509_certificates:
                    certificates_data.append([
                        self.sha256,
                        cert.subject,
                        cert.issuer,
                        cert.serial_number,
                        datetime.strptime(cert.valid_from, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") if cert.valid_from else None,
                        datetime.strptime(cert.valid_to, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") if cert.valid_to else None,
                        cert.thumbprint_sha1,
                        cert.algorithm,
                        cert.key_size,
                        int(cert.is_self_signed),
                        cert.certificate_source_scheme,
                        current_time,
                    ])

            return {
                'multi_table': True,
                'signature': {
                    'table': 'redb_apk_signature',
                    'data': signature_data,
                    'column_names': [
                        'sha256',
                        'is_signed', 'signature_scheme_versions',
                        'number_of_certificates',
                        'apk_signer_subject', 'apk_signer_issuer',
                        'analysis_date',
                    ],
                    'column_type_names': [
                        'FixedString(64)',
                        'UInt8', 'Array(UInt8)',
                        'UInt8',
                        'Nullable(String)', 'Nullable(String)',
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                },
                'certificates': {
                    'table': 'redb_apk_certificates',
                    'data': certificates_data,
                    'column_names': [
                        'sha256', 'certificate_subject', 'certificate_issuer',
                        'certificate_serial_number',
                        'certificate_valid_from', 'certificate_valid_to',
                        'certificate_thumbprint',
                        'certificate_algorithm', 'key_size', 'is_self_signed',
                        'certificate_source_scheme',
                        'analysis_date',
                    ],
                    'column_type_names': [
                        'FixedString(64)', 'String', 'String', 'String',
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')", "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                        'FixedString(40)',
                        'LowCardinality(String)', 'Nullable(UInt16)', 'UInt8',
                        'LowCardinality(String)',
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                },
            }

    def get_clickhouse_table(self) -> str:
        return "redb_apk_signature"