Mallikarjun Hangarge

21 papers A 1B 1Journal 8Unranked 10
YearRankTypeTitle / Venue / Authors
2017 ed.
RTIP2R
KC Santosh, Mallikarjun Hangarge, Vitoantonio Bevilacqua, Atul Negi
2016 conf
RTIP2R
Mallikarjun Hangarge, C. Veershetty, Rajmohan Pardeshi, Gururaj Mukarambi
2014 B conf
ICFHR
Rajmohan Pardeshi, B. B. Chaudhuri, Mallikarjun Hangarge, KC Santosh
2014 conf
RAIT
Mallikarjun Hangarge, KC Santosh
2013 A conf
ICDAR
Mallikarjun Hangarge, KC Santosh, Rajmohan Pardeshi
2013 J jnl
CoRR
Mallikarjun Hangarge
2013 J jnl
CoRR
Mallikarjun Hangarge, KC Santosh, Srikanth Doddamani, Rajmohan Pardeshi
2011 J jnl
CoRR
Basanna V. Dhandra, R. G. Benne, Mallikarjun Hangarge
2011 J jnl
Int. J. Comput. Vis. Robotics
Basanna V. Dhandra, Gururaj Mukarambi, Mallikarjun Hangarge
2011 J jnl
CoRR
B. V. Dhandra, Mallikarjun Hangarge
2011 J jnl
CoRR
B. V. Dhandra, R. G. Benne, Mallikarjun Hangarge
2011 J jnl
CoRR
Basanna V. Dhandra, Mallikarjun Hangarge, Gururaj Mukarambi
2008 conf
ICETET
Mallikarjun Hangarge, B. V. Dhandra
2007 J jnl
J. Multim.
Basanna V. Dhandra, Mallikarjun Hangarge
2007 conf
PReMI
Ganapatsingh G. Rajput, Mallikarjun Hangarge
2006 conf
ICPR (4)
B. V. Dhandra, Ravindra S. Hegadi, Mallikarjun Hangarge, V. S. Malemath
2006 conf
ICDIM
B. V. Dhandra, Ravindra S. Hegadi, Mallikarjun Hangarge, V. S. Malemath
2006 conf
ICDIM
B. V. Dhandra, V. S. Malemath, Mallikarjun Hangarge, Ravindra S. Hegadi
2006 conf
ICPR (2)
B. V. Dhandra, P. Nagabhushan, Mallikarjun Hangarge, Ravindra S. Hegadi, V. S. Malemath
2006 conf
ICPR (2)
B. V. Dhandra, V. S. Malemath, Mallikarjun Hangarge, Ravindra S. Hegadi
2006 conf
ICDIM
B. V. Dhandra, Mallikarjun Hangarge, Ravindra S. Hegadi, V. S. Malemath
redb/extractors/apk_extractors/apk_permissions.py
← Index redb/extractors/apk_extractors/apk_permissions.py python
import inspect
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from typing import Any

from redb.extractors.enum import Tag
from redb.extractors.apk_extractor import APKExtractor
from redb.models.dataclasses import APKPermissions, APKPermission

# Known dangerous permissions (Android runtime permissions)
DANGEROUS_PERMISSIONS = {
    "android.permission.READ_CALENDAR",
    "android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR",
    "android.permission.CAMERA",
    "android.permission.READ_CONTACTS",
    "android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS",
    "android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS",
    "android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION",
    "android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION",
    "android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION",
    "android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO",
    "android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE",
    "android.permission.READ_PHONE_NUMBERS",
    "android.permission.CALL_PHONE",
    "android.permission.ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS",
    "android.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL",
    "android.permission.USE_SIP",
    "android.permission.BODY_SENSORS",
    "android.permission.SEND_SMS",
    "android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS",
    "android.permission.READ_SMS",
    "android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH",
    "android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS",
    "android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE",
    "android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE",
    "android.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES",
    "android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO",
    "android.permission.READ_MEDIA_AUDIO",
    "android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS",
    "android.permission.NEARBY_WIFI_DEVICES",
    "android.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION",
    "android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN",
    "android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE",
    "android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT",
}


class APKPermissionsExtractor(APKExtractor):

    def __init__(
        self, filepath, log, exporters=None, index_prefix=None,
        known_benign=False, known_malicious=False,
        apk=None,
    ):
        super().__init__(
            filepath, log, exporters, index_prefix,
            known_benign, known_malicious, apk,
        )
        self.permissions_data = None
        self.log.debug(inspect.currentframe().f_code.co_name)

    def tag(self):
        return Tag.APK_PERMISSIONS.value

    def _get_protection_level(self, perm_name):
        """Determine the protection level of a permission.

        Uses androguard's permission mappings first, falls back to the
        known dangerous list.
        """
        try:
            from androguard.core.api_specific_resources import load_permission_mappings
            target_sdk = self.apk.get_target_sdk_version()
            sdk = int(target_sdk) if target_sdk else 30
            permission_map = load_permission_mappings(sdk)
            if perm_name in permission_map:
                info = permission_map[perm_name]
                if isinstance(info, dict):
                    return info.get("protectionLevel", "unknown")
                return "unknown"
        except Exception:
            pass

        # Fallback to known dangerous set
        if perm_name in DANGEROUS_PERMISSIONS:
            return "dangerous"
        if perm_name.startswith("android.permission."):
            return "normal"
        return "unknown"

    def _compute_permhash(self):
        """Compute permhash using the permhash library."""
        try:
            from permhash.functions import permhash_apk
            return permhash_apk(self.filepath)
        except Exception as e:
            self.log.warning(f"Failed to compute permhash: {e}")
            return None

    def _safe_extract(self, field_name, func, default=None):
        """Extract a single field, logging and returning default on failure."""
        try:
            return func()
        except Exception as e:
            self.log.warning(
                f"Error extracting APK permissions field '{field_name}' for "
                f"{self.hash.sha256}: {e}"
            )
            return default

    def extract(self):
        if not self._is_valid_apk():
            self.log.error(f"Invalid APK for {self.hash.sha256}")
            return None

        requested_perms = self._safe_extract(
            "requested_permissions",
            lambda: list(self.apk.get_permissions() or []), []
        )
        custom_perms = self._safe_extract(
            "custom_permissions",
            lambda: list(self.apk.get_declared_permissions() or []), []
        )
        custom_perm_set = set(custom_perms)

        permission_details = []
        dangerous_permissions = []

        for perm in requested_perms:
            try:
                protection_level = self._get_protection_level(perm)
                is_custom = perm in custom_perm_set

                permission_details.append(APKPermission(
                    permission_name=perm,
                    protection_level=protection_level,
                    is_custom=is_custom,
                ))

                if protection_level == "dangerous":
                    dangerous_permissions.append(perm)
            except Exception as e:
                self.log.warning(
                    f"Error processing permission '{perm}' for "
                    f"{self.hash.sha256}: {e}"
                )
                permission_details.append(APKPermission(
                    permission_name=perm,
                    protection_level="unknown",
                    is_custom=perm in custom_perm_set,
                ))

        permhash_value = self._compute_permhash()

        self.permissions_data = APKPermissions(
            total_permission_count=len(requested_perms),
            dangerous_permission_count=len(dangerous_permissions),
            permissions=requested_perms,
            dangerous_permissions=dangerous_permissions,
            custom_permissions=custom_perms,
            permission_details=permission_details,
            permhash=permhash_value,
        )
        return self.permissions_data

    def prepare_export_data(self, exporter_type: str) -> Any:
        if exporter_type == "ClickHouseExporter":
            if not self.permissions_data:
                return None

            current_time = datetime.now(timezone.utc)

            # One row per permission
            data = []
            for detail in self.permissions_data.permission_details:
                data.append([
                    self.sha256,
                    detail.permission_name,
                    detail.protection_level,
                    int(detail.is_custom),
                    current_time,
                ])

            if not data:
                return None

            column_names = [
                'sha256', 'permission_name', 'protection_level',
                'is_custom', 'analysis_date',
            ]

            column_type_names = [
                'FixedString(64)', 'String', 'LowCardinality(String)',
                'UInt8', "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
            ]

            return (data, column_names, column_type_names)

    def get_clickhouse_table(self) -> str:
        return "redb_apk_permissions"