Kevin C. Desouza

125 papers B 1C 8Journal 79Unranked 36

Year	Rank	Type	Title / Venue / Authors
2025	C	`conf`	Bridging Perspectives - Understanding Perceptions of Digital Transformation. ICIS Christoph Buck, Tim Heidenreich, Araz Jabbari, Elisabeth Wurzer, Kevin C. Desouza, Mathieu Templier
2025	—	`conf`	Claros: Combining Q-Methodology and Delphi to Capture Opinion Diversity. ACIS Yancong Xie, Keri Larson, Richard Watson, Kevin C. Desouza
2025	J	`jnl`	Public perceptions of responsible AI in local government: A multi-country study using the theory of planned behaviour. Gov. Inf. Q. Anne David, Tan Yigitcanlar, Kevin C. Desouza, Karen Mossberger, Pauline Hope Cheong, Juan M. Corchado, Prithvi Bhat Beeramoole, Alexander Paz
2025	J	`jnl`	Strategic implications of cognitive computing in IS: addressing AI fragmentation through knowledge similarity transformation. J. Strateg. Inf. Syst. Matthias Tuczek, Kenan Degirmenci, Yuanyuan Song, Kevin C. Desouza, Michael H. Breitner, Richard T. Watson
2025	J	`jnl`	The new management logic of digital megaprojects: An agenda for information systems research. J. Strateg. Inf. Syst. Sha Huang, Kevin C. Desouza
2025	J	`jnl`	Unraveling the Nexus between National Culture and AI plan development and AI readiness: Insights from a configurational analysis. Gov. Inf. Q. James S. Denford, Gregory S. Dawson, Kevin C. Desouza
2024	—	`conf`	A competency framework to support the development of service-ecosystem emergent-aware government architecture and capability. ACIS Anthony Kalkipsakis, Mary Tate, Kevin C. Desouza, Alistair Barros
2024	J	`jnl`	AI-enabled information systems: Teaming up with intelligent agents in networked business. Electron. Mark. Peter Hofmann, Nils Urbach, Julia Lanzl, Kevin C. Desouza
2024	J	`jnl`	Digital transformation of the public sector: Designing strategic information systems. J. Strateg. Inf. Syst. Lemuria D. Carter, Kevin C. Desouza, Gregory S. Dawson, Theresa Pardo
2024	J	`jnl`	Enabling cybersecurity incident response agility through dynamic capabilities: the role of real-time analytics. Eur. J. Inf. Syst. Humza Naseer, Kevin C. Desouza, Sean B. Maynard, Atif Ahmad
2024	—	`conf`	National AI Strategic Plans for the Public versus Private Sectors: A Cross-Cultural Configurational Analysis. HICSS James S. Denford, Gregory S. Dawson, Kevin C. Desouza
2024	—	`conf`	Public Value Principles for Secure and Trusted AI. DG.O Sukumar Ganapati, Kevin C. Desouza
2024	J	`jnl`	Why Digital Platforms by Incumbents Fail: Results from a Delphi Study. Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst. Leandro Jesus, Michael Rosemann, Kevin C. Desouza, Marek Kowalkiewicz
2023	—	`conf`	Digital transformation in professional services firms: A business model portfolio perspective. ACIS Peter Westerveld, Erwin Fielt, Kevin C. Desouza, Guy G. Gable
2023	J	`jnl`	Doing strategic information systems research for public value. J. Strateg. Inf. Syst. Kevin C. Desouza, Gregory S. Dawson
2023	J	`jnl`	The business model portfolio as a strategic tool for value creation and business performance. J. Strateg. Inf. Syst. Peter Westerveld, Erwin Fielt, Kevin C. Desouza, Guy G. Gable
2022	J	`jnl`	A Typology of Chatbots in Public Service Delivery. IEEE Softw. Tendai Makasi, Alireza Nili, Kevin C. Desouza, Mary Tate
2022	J	`jnl`	Design and management of digital transformations for value creation. Adv. Eng. Informatics Ching-Hung Lee, Amy J. C. Trappey, Chien-Liang Liu, John P. T. Mo, Kevin C. Desouza
2022	J	`jnl`	Public AI canvas for AI-enabled public value: A design science approach. Gov. Inf. Q. Samar Fatima, Kevin C. Desouza, Christoph Buck, Erwin Fielt
2022	—	`conf`	Public Service Values and Chatbots in the Public Sector: Reconciling Designer efforts and User Expectations. HICSS Tendai Makasi, Alireza Nili, Kevin C. Desouza, Mary Tate
2022	J	`jnl`	What Can the Public Sector Teach Us About Deploying Artificial Intelligence Technologies? IEEE Softw. Alireza Nili, Kevin C. Desouza, Tan Yigitcanlar
2021	—	`conf`	Business Model Canvas to Create and Capture AI-enabled Public Value. HICSS Samar Fatima, Kevin C. Desouza, Christoph Buck, Erwin Fielt
2021	—	`conf`	Cyber-physical innovations: : Cyber-infrastructure for research, cyber-physical architecture for real-time applications, autonomous vehicle (AV) governance and AI artifacts for public value. DG.O Michael Ahn, Chenyu Huang, Pei-Chi Huang, Xin Zhong, Johannes Himmelreich, Kevin C. Desouza, Richard Knepper
2021	J	`jnl`	Demystifying analytical information processing capability: The case of cybersecurity incident response. Decis. Support Syst. Humza Naseer, Sean B. Maynard, Kevin C. Desouza
2021	J	`jnl`	How can organizations develop situation awareness for incident response: A case study of management practice. Comput. Secur. Atif Ahmad, Sean B. Maynard, Kevin C. Desouza, James Kotsias, Monica T. Whitty, Richard L. Baskerville
2021	—	`conf`	Maturity Model for Cognitive Computing Systems in the Public Sector. HICSS Kevin C. Desouza, Franziska Götz, Gregory S. Dawson
2021	—	`conf`	Organizational Robustness and Information Systems. HICSS Kevin C. Desouza, Yancong Xie
2021	J	`jnl`	Strategically-Motivated Advanced Persistent Threat: Definition, Process, Tactics and a Disinformation Model of Counterattack. CoRR Atif Ahmad, Jeb Webb, Kevin C. Desouza, James Boorman
2021	J	`jnl`	Transforming public records management: Six key insights. J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. Paula Dootson, Mary Tate, Kevin C. Desouza, Peter Townson
2021	J	`jnl`	Understanding digital transformation in advanced manufacturing and engineering: A bibliometric analysis, topic modeling and research trend discovery. Adv. Eng. Informatics Ching-Hung Lee, Chien-Liang Liu, Amy J. C. Trappey, John P. T. Mo, Kevin C. Desouza
2020	J	`jnl`	Can Building "Artificially Intelligent Cities" Safeguard Humanity from Natural Disasters, Pandemics, and Other Catastrophes? An Urban Scholar's Perspective. Sensors Tan Yigitcanlar, Luke Butler, Emily Windle, Kevin C. Desouza, Rashid Mehmood, Juan M. Corchado
2020	J	`jnl`	Chatbot-mediated public service delivery A public service value-based framework. First Monday Tendai Makasi, Alireza Nili, Kevin C. Desouza, Mary Tate
2020	—	`conf`	Conversational Agents - Exploring Generative Mechanisms and Second-hand Effects of Actualized Technology Affordances. HICSS Lena Waizenegger, Isabella Seeber, Gregory S. Dawson, Kevin C. Desouza
2020	—	`conf`	Delivering Effective Care Through Mobile Apps: Findings from a Multi-stakeholder Design Science Approach. DESRIST Monica Chiarini Tremblay, Maria Cucciniello, Rosanna Tarricone, Gregory A. Porumbescu, Kevin C. Desouza
2020	J	`jnl`	How integration of cyber security management and incident response enables organizational learning. J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. Atif Ahmad, Kevin C. Desouza, Sean B. Maynard, Humza Naseer, Richard L. Baskerville
2020	J	`jnl`	IT-enabled innovation in the public sector: introduction to the special issue. Eur. J. Inf. Syst. Raquel Benbunan-Fich, Kevin C. Desouza, Kim Normann Andersen
2020	C	`conf`	Situation-Awareness in Incident Response: An In-depth Case Study and Process Model. ICIS Atif Ahmad, Kevin C. Desouza, Sean B. Maynard, Monica T. Whitty, James Kotsias, Richard L. Baskerville
2020	J	`jnl`	Weaponizing information systems for political disruption: The Actor, Lever, Effects, and Response Taxonomy (ALERT). Comput. Secur. Kevin C. Desouza, Atif Ahmad, Humza Naseer, Munish Sharma
2019	—	`conf`	Government Services Architecture. ACIS Anthony Kalkipsakis, Mary Tate, Mohammad Jabbari Sabegh, Kevin C. Desouza
2019	—	`ch.`	How the US Federal Communications Commission Managed the Process of IT Modernization. Digitalization Cases Kevin C. Desouza, James S. Denford, Rashmi Krishnamurthy
2019	J	`jnl`	Strategically-motivated advanced persistent threat: Definition, process, tactics and a disinformation model of counterattack. Comput. Secur. Atif Ahmad, Jeb Webb, Kevin C. Desouza, James Boorman
2018	—	`conf`	Business model innovation and strategic transformation when confronting digital disruption: The case of data-driven business models for professional services. ACIS Erwin Fielt, Peter Westerveld, Kevin C. Desouza, Guy Gable
2018	—	`conf`	Data-Driven Business Models and Professional Services Firms: A Strategic Framework and Transitionary Pathways. WEB Erwin Fielt, Kevin C. Desouza, Guy Gable, Peter Westerveld
2018	—	`conf`	Factors Promoting the Collection of Performance Measurement: Evidence from US Local Governments. HICSS Rashmi Krishnamurthy, Kevin C. Desouza, Gregory S. Dawson, Alfred Ho
2018	C	`conf`	Seeking Public Intellectuals in the Information Systems Discipline: Towards an Impact and Engagement Agenda. ICIS Monideepa Tarafdar, Kevin C. Desouza, Michael I. Barrett, Ritu Agarwal, Richard T. Watson, Ramayya Krishnan
2018	—	`conf`	The 2016 US Presidential Election on Facebook: An Exploratory Analysis of Sentiments. HICSS Saud Alashri, Srinivasa Srivatsav Kandala, Vikash Bajaj, Emily Parriott, Yukika Awazu, Kevin C. Desouza
2017	—	`conf`	Exploring IT-Enabled Public Sector Innovation in U.S. States. HICSS James S. Denford, Gregory S. Dawson, Kevin C. Desouza
2016	J	`jnl`	An Examination of Effective IT Governance in the Public Sector Using the Legal View of Agency Theory. J. Manag. Inf. Syst. Gregory S. Dawson, James S. Denford, Clay K. Williams, David Preston, Kevin C. Desouza
2016	B	`conf`	An analysis of sentiments on facebook during the 2016 U.S. presidential election. ASONAM Saud Alashri, Srinivasa Srivatsav Kandala, Vikash Bajaj, Roopek Ravi, Kendra L. Smith, Kevin C. Desouza
2016	J	`jnl`	Governing innovation in U.S. state government: An ecosystem perspective. J. Strateg. Inf. Syst. Gregory S. Dawson, James S. Denford, Kevin C. Desouza
2015	—	`conf`	An Argument for Centralization of IT Governance in the Public Sector. HICSS James S. Denford, Gregory S. Dawson, Kevin C. Desouza
2015	—	`conf`	Data, tools, & innovation: trending applications in US cities. DG.O Karen Mossberger, Kellen Gracey, Kevin C. Desouza, Joshua M. Uebelherr
2014	J	`jnl`	Big data analytics: The case of the social security administration. Inf. Polity Rashmi Krishnamurthy, Kevin C. Desouza
2014	—	`conf`	Data Analytics and Human Trafficking. DESRIST Kena Fedorschak, Srivatsav Kandala, Kevin C. Desouza, Rashmi Krishnamurthy
2013	J	`jnl`	A Glimpse into Policy Informatics: The Case of Participatory Platforms that Generate Synthetic Empathy. Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst. Rashmi Krishnamurthy, Akshay Bhagwatwar, Erik W. Johnston, Kevin C. Desouza
2013	J	`jnl`	Disruptive technologies: a business model perspective on cloud computing. Technol. Anal. Strateg. Manag. Carlos M. DaSilva, Peter Trkman, Kevin C. Desouza, Jaka Lindic
2012	—	`conf`	Community Intelligence Platforms: the Case of Open Government. AMCIS Akshay Bhagwatwar, Kevin C. Desouza
2012	J	`jnl`	Contextualizing organizational interventions of knowledge management systems: A design science perspective. J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. Peter Baloh, Kevin C. Desouza, Ray Hackney
2012	J	`jnl`	Knowledge risks in organizational networks: An exploratory framework. J. Strateg. Inf. Syst. Peter Trkman, Kevin C. Desouza
2011	J	`jnl`	Considerations for Information Systems "Backsourcing": A Framework for Knowledge Re-integration. Inf. Syst. Manag. Akshay Bhagwatwar, Ray Hackney, Kevin C. Desouza
2011	J	`jnl`	Deploying information technologies for organizational innovation: Lessons from case studies. Int. J. Inf. Manag. Jaka Lindic, Peter Baloh, Vincent M. Ribière, Kevin C. Desouza
2011	—	`conf`	Looking for Clues to Failures in Large-Scale, Public Sector Projects: A Case Study. HICSS Sandeep Purao, Kevin C. Desouza
2011	J	`jnl`	Securing intellectual assets: integrating the knowledge and innovation dimensions. Int. J. Technol. Manag. Kevin C. Desouza
2010	—	`conf`	An Enterprise-Wide Intervention at IRS: A Longitudinal Analysis of Stakeholder Sentiments. TEAR Sandeep Purao, Kevin C. Desouza
2010	J	`jnl`	Business process outsourcing: A case study of Satyam Computers. Int. J. Inf. Manag. Kayhan Atesci, Akshay Bhagwatwar, Trupti Deo, Kevin C. Desouza, Peter Baloh
2010	C	`conf`	Co-Evolution of Organizational Network and Individual Behavior: an Agent-Based Model of Interpersonal Knowledge Transfer. ICIS Yuan Lin, Kevin C. Desouza
2010	C	`conf`	Large IT projects as interventions in digital ecosystems. MEDES Sandeep Purao, Kevin C. Desouza
2010	J	`jnl`	Measuring agility of networked organizational structures via network entropy and mutual information. Appl. Math. Comput. Yuan Lin, Kevin C. Desouza, Sumit Roy
2010	J	`jnl`	Patterns and structures of intra-organizational learning networks within a knowledge-intensive organization. J. Inf. Technol. Miha Skerlavaj, Vlado Dimovski, Kevin C. Desouza
2010	J	`jnl`	Role of Internet-based information flows and technologies in electoral revolutions: The case of Ukraine's Orange Revolution. First Monday Volodymyr Lysenko, Kevin C. Desouza
2009	J	`jnl`	Attaining superior complaint resolution. Commun. ACM Sridhar R. Papagari Sangareddy, Sanjeev Jha, Chen Ye, Kevin C. Desouza
2009	—	`conf`	Improving Data Visualization for High-Density Information Transfer in Social Network Analysis Tools. AMCIS Christopher Rivinus, Peter Baloh, Kevin C. Desouza
2009	—	`conf`	Towards knowledge needs-technology fit model for knowledge management systems. DESRIST Peter Baloh, Kevin C. Desouza
2008	J	`jnl`	Advancing knowledge and the knowledge economy. J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. Kevin C. Desouza
2008	J	`jnl`	Constructing and Sustaining Competitive Interorganizational Knowledge Networks: An Analysis of Managerial Web-Based Facilitation. Inf. Syst. Manag. Ray Hackney, Kevin C. Desouza, Zahir Irani
2008	J	`jnl`	Influences of IT substitutes and user experience on post-adoption user switching: An empirical investigation. J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. Chen Ye, DongBack Seo, Kevin C. Desouza, Sridhar R. Papagari Sangareddy, Sanjeev Jha
2008	J	`jnl`	Managing knowledge transfer in distributed contexts. Inf. Syst. J. Kevin C. Desouza, Mark Nissen, Carsten Sørensen
2008	J	`jnl`	Switching between consumer technologies. Commun. ACM Chen Ye, Kevin C. Desouza, Sridhar R. Papagari Sangareddy, Sanjeev Jha
2008	J	`jnl`	Understanding knowledge as a commons: From theory to practice. J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. Kevin C. Desouza
2008	J	`jnl`	eGovernment Strategies: ICT innovation in international public sector contexts. J. Strateg. Inf. Syst. Ray Hackney, Kevin C. Desouza, Patrick Y. K. Chau
2007	J	`jnl`	Book Shelf. IEEE Softw. Caroline Pepa, Naseem Mariam, Kevin C. Desouza
2007	J	`jnl`	Information politics on the Web. J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. Kevin C. Desouza
2007	—	`conf`	Roles of Information Technology in Distributed and Open Innovation Process. AMCIS Kevin C. Desouza, Yukika Awazu, Christoph H. Wecht, Jeffrey Y. Kim, Sanjeev Jha
2007	J	`jnl`	Social Activism in Information Systems Research: Making the World a Better Place. Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst. Kevin C. Desouza, Phillip Ein-Dor, Donald J. McCubbrey, Robert D. Galliers, Michael D. Myers, Richard T. Watson
2006	J	`jnl`	Beyond Rigor and Relevance Towards Responsibility and Reverberation: Information Systems Research That Really Matters. Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst. Kevin C. Desouza, Omar A. El Sawy, Robert D. Galliers, Claudia Loebbecke, Richard T. Watson
2006	J	`jnl`	Business customer communities and knowledge sharing: exploratory study of critical issues. Eur. J. Inf. Syst. Pablo Erat, Kevin C. Desouza, Anja Schäfer-Jugel, Monika Kurzawa
2006	J	`jnl`	Cutting corners: CKOs and knowledge management. Bus. Process. Manag. J. Kevin C. Desouza, Jeffrey J. Raider
2006	J	`jnl`	Factors governing the consumption of explicit knowledge. J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. Kevin C. Desouza, Yukika Awazu, Yun Wan
2006	J	`jnl`	Four dynamics for bringing use back into software reuse. Commun. ACM Kevin C. Desouza, Yukika Awazu, Amrit Tiwana
2006	J	`jnl`	Implementing Section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act: Recommendations for Information Systems Organizations. Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst. Ashley Braganza, Kevin C. Desouza
2006	J	`jnl`	Knowledge management at SMEs: five peculiarities. J. Knowl. Manag. Kevin C. Desouza, Yukika Awazu
2006	J	`jnl`	Managing Knowledge in Global Software Development Efforts: Issues and Practices. IEEE Softw. Kevin C. Desouza, Yukika Awazu, Peter Baloh
2006	—	`conf`	Opening up the Black-Box: Information Systems and Organizational Agility. AMCIS DongBack Seo, Kevin C. Desouza, James Erickson
2006	—	`conf`	Post-Adoption Switching Between Technology Options: Research in Progress. AMCIS Chen Ye, DongBack Seo, Kevin C. Desouza, Sridhar R. Papagari Sangareddy, Sanjeev Jha
2006	C	`conf`	Post-Adoption Switching Between Technology Substitutes: The Case of Web Browsers. ICIS Chen Ye, DongBack Seo, Kevin C. Desouza, Sridhar R. Papagari Sangareddy, Sanjeev Jha
2006	J	`jnl`	Project management offices: A case of knowledge-based archetypes. Int. J. Inf. Manag. Kevin C. Desouza, J. Roberto Evaristo
2006	J	`jnl`	Review of Profiling Machines: Mapping the Personal Information Economy. Inf. Retr. Kevin C. Desouza
2006	C	`conf`	Social Activism in IS Research: Making the World a Better Place. ICIS Kevin C. Desouza, Phillip Ein-Dor, Donald J. McCubbrey, Robert D. Galliers, Michael D. Myers, Richard T. Watson
2005	J	`jnl`	Bookshelf. IEEE Softw. Diomidis Spinellis, John R. Dance, David Arthur Eatough, Kevin C. Desouza, Yukika Awazu
2005	J	`jnl`	Centralization momentum: the pendulum swings back again. Commun. ACM J. Roberto Evaristo, Kevin C. Desouza, Kevin Hollister
2005	J	`jnl`	Developing Superior Outsourcing Programs. IT Prof. Mark J. Power, Kevin C. Desouza, Carlo Bonifazi
2005	—	`conf`	Distributed Knowledge Management: Four Interesting Questions. HICSS J. Roberto Evaristo, Kevin C. Desouza, Yukika Awazu
2005	—	`conf`	Experiences with Conducting Project Postmortems: Reports vs. Stories and Practitioner Perspective. HICSS Kevin C. Desouza, Torgeir Dingsøyr, Yukika Awazu
2005	J	`jnl`	Experiences with conducting project postmortems: reports versus stories. Softw. Process. Improv. Pract. Kevin C. Desouza, Torgeir Dingsøyr, Yukika Awazu
2005	C	`conf`	Information Systems Research That Really Matters: Beyond the IS Rigor Versus Relevance Debate. ICIS Kevin C. Desouza, Omar El Sawy, Robert D. Galliers, Claudia Löbbecke, Richard T. Watson
2005	J	`jnl`	Maintaining knowledge management systems: A strategic imperative. J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. Kevin C. Desouza, Yukika Awazu
2005	J	`jnl`	Managing radical software engineers: between order and chaos. ACM SIGSOFT Softw. Eng. Notes Kevin C. Desouza, Yukika Awazu
2005	J	`jnl`	Race to Dot.Com and Back: Lessons on E-Business Spin-Offs and Reintegration. Inf. Syst. Manag. Darrin Thomas, C. Ranganathan, Kevin C. Desouza
2005	J	`jnl`	Restructuring government intelligence programs: A few good suggestions. Gov. Inf. Q. Kevin C. Desouza
2005	J	`jnl`	Scenario Management: From Reactivity to Proactivity. IT Prof. Kevin C. Desouza
2005	—	`conf`	Securing Knowledge Assets and Processes: Lessons from the Defense and Intelligence Sectors. HICSS Kevin C. Desouza, Ganesh K. Vanapalli
2005	J	`jnl`	Securing knowledge in organizations: lessons from the defense and intelligence sectors. Int. J. Inf. Manag. Kevin C. Desouza, Ganesh K. Vanapalli
2004	J	`jnl`	"Need to Know" - Organizational Knowledge and Management Perspective. Inf. Knowl. Syst. Manag. Kevin C. Desouza, Yukika Awazu
2004	—	`conf`	Distributed Knowledge Management Minitrack. HICSS J. Roberto Evaristo, Kevin C. Desouza
2004	J	`jnl`	Managing knowledge in distributed projects. Commun. ACM Kevin C. Desouza, J. Roberto Evaristo
2004	J	`jnl`	Open knowledge management: Lessons from the open source revolution. J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. Yukika Awazu, Kevin C. Desouza
2003	J	`jnl`	Barriers to effective use of knowledge management systems in software engineering. Commun. ACM Kevin C. Desouza
2003	J	`jnl`	Constructing internal knowledge markets: considerations from mini cases. Int. J. Inf. Manag. Kevin C. Desouza, Yukika Awazu
2003	—	`conf`	Data Mining in Healthcare Information Systems: Case Study of a Veterans? Administration Spinal Cord Injury Population. HICSS Margaret R. Kraft, Kevin C. Desouza, Ida M. Androwich
2003	J	`jnl`	Every citizen a missile: the need for an emergent systems approach by law enforcement. Gov. Inf. Q. Kevin C. Desouza, Tobin Hensgen
2003	J	`jnl`	Facilitating tacit knowledge exchange. Commun. ACM Kevin C. Desouza
2003	—	`conf`	Human-Machine Strategies for Decision Support. AMCIS Yiwen Zhang, Darrin Thomas, Yukika Awazu, Kevin C. Desouza
2003	—	`conf`	Knowledge Management in Non-Collocated Environments: A Look at Centralized vs. Distributed Design Approaches. HICSS Kevin C. Desouza, Anuradha Jayaraman, J. Roberto Evaristo
2003	J	`jnl`	Strategic contributions of game rooms to knowledge management: some prelimenary insights. Inf. Manag. Kevin C. Desouza
2003	J	`jnl`	Supply chain perspectives to knowledge management: research propositions. J. Knowl. Manag. Kevin C. Desouza, Ayan Chattaraj, George Kraft