Kalle Ruttik - RankMe

108 papers A 1B 22Misc 1Journal 33Unranked 50

Year	Rank	Type	Title / Venue / Authors
2026	J	`jnl`	Dual-Hop Joint Visible Light and Backscatter Communication Relaying under Finite Blocklength. CoRR Boxuan Xie, Lauri Mela, Alexis A. Dowhuszko, Jiacheng Wang, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2025	J	`jnl`	5G Millimeter-Wave Fixed Wireless Access: Optimizing Cost and Coverage With Antenna Height Variation Using Point-Cloud Path Loss Prediction. IEEE Access Norshahida Saba, Jari Salo, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2025	J	`jnl`	Ambient Backscatter Communication in LTE Uplink Using Sounding Reference Signals. IEEE Internet Things J. Jingyi Liao, Tianshu Zhang, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Dinh-Thuy Phan-Huy, Ayman M. Hassan, Zhu Han
2025	J	`jnl`	Analysis of radio propagation with different antenna solutions at sub-THz band in an indoor (tee-junction) environment using ray tracing simulations. Telecommun. Syst. Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Jyri Hämäläinen
2025	—	`conf`	Data Assisted Backscatter Communications Using DECT-2020 NR+ as Ambient Signal. SPAWC Jingyi Liao, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Zhu Han
2025	—	`conf`	Demo: Energy Neutral Backscatter Device Utilizing High Performance Commercial Components. 6GNet Kalle Koskinen, Jingyi Liao, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2025	—	`conf`	Demo: Toward Multi-Connectivity 6G IoT - Practical IoT Device-to-Core Integration. 6GNet Quoc Quang Ngo, Kalle Ruttik, Yongchao Dang, Riku Jäntti, José Costa-Requena
2025	J	`jnl`	EWDC: Integrating DECT-2020 With Wi-Fi for Enhanced Wireless Direct Connectivity. IEEE Internet Things J. Yongchao Dang, Quoc Quang Ngo, Fagerholm Roni, Rantanen Veli-Matti, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2025	J	`jnl`	Integration of Backscatter-Based Ambient Internet of Things to Cellular Communication Systems. IEEE Commun. Stand. Mag. Riku Jäntti, Jingyi Liao, Tianshu Zhang, Boxuan Xie, Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Kalle Ruttik, Giang Phan, Dinh-Thuy Phan-Huy, Ayman M. Hassan
2025	—	`conf`	MCU-Free Backscatter Communication with Light-Enabled Frequency Control for Ambient IoT. 6GNet Boxuan Xie, Jari Lietzén, Kalle Koskinen, Lauri Mela, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2025	J	`jnl`	Radio Network Planning for 5G FWA at 3.5 GHz and 26 GHz: A Link- and Flow-Level Approach. IEEE Access Norshahida Saba, Pasi E. Lassila, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Jari Salo
2025	—	`conf`	Starlink Ku-Band Downlink Based Ambient Backscatter Communication. SPAWC Jingyi Liao, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Zhu Han
2025	B	`conf`	Unlicensed RAN Integration with 5G for Time-Sensitive Networking. NOMS José Costa-Requena, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2025	J	`jnl`	Zero-Energy Devices for 6G: Technical Enablers at a Glance. IEEE Internet Things Mag. Onel Luis Alcaraz López, Ritesh Kumar Singh, Dinh-Thuy Phan-Huy, Efstathios Katranaras, Nafiseh Seyed Mazloum, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Hamza Khan, Osmel Martínez Rosabal, Pavlos Alexias, Prasoon Raghuwanshi, David E. Ruíz-Guirola, Bikramjit Singh, Andreas Höglund, Dung Pham Van, Amirhossein Azarbahram, Jeroen Famaey
2024	—	`conf`	Data Assistance Cellular Signal Based Ambient Backscatter Receiver. SPAWC Jingyi Liao, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2024	B	`conf`	Flexible Thin Film Multi-Antenna Integrated Backscatter Device. WCNC Boxuan Xie, Juho Kerminen, Jari Lietzén, Lauri Mela, Kalle Ruttik, Alp Karakoç, Riku Jäntti
2024	—	`conf`	Indoor Backscattering Communication by Using Commercial LTE Pilots. VTC Spring Jingyi Liao, Xiyu Wang, Kalle Koskinen, Tianshu Zhang, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Dinh-Thuy Phan-Huy
2024	—	`conf`	Integration of Visible Light and Backscatter Communications for Ambient Internet of Things. VTC Spring Boxuan Xie, Alexis A. Dowhuszko, Kalle Koskinen, Lauri Mela, Jari Lietzén, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Jyri Hämäläinen
2024	—	`conf`	Measurement of Coded Backscatter Communication Utilizing Commercial LTE Ambient Signal. 6GNet Jingyi Liao, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Dinh-Thuy Phan-Huy
2024	J	`jnl`	Thin Film Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface for Harmonic Beam Steering. CoRR Boxuan Xie, Aleksandr Kuznetsov, Lauri Mela, Jari Lietzén, Kalle Ruttik, Alp Karakoç, Riku Jäntti
2024	B	`conf`	Using Existing Base Station Sites for 5G Millimeter-Wave Fixed Wireless Access: Antenna Height and Coverage Analysis. WCNC Norshahida Saba, Jari Salo, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2023	—	`conf`	A Three-State Received Signal Strength Model for Integrated Sensing and Backscatter Communication. GLOBECOM (Workshops) Boxuan Xie, Xiyu Wang, Hüseyin Yigitler, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2023	J	`jnl`	Camouflage Learning: Feature Value Obscuring Ambient Intelligence for Constrained Devices. IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput. Le Ngu Nguyen, Stephan Sigg, Jari Lietzén, Rainhard Dieter Findling, Kalle Ruttik
2023	—	`conf`	Channel Characterization at Sub-THz Band with Measurements and Ray Tracing in Indoor Case. ICOIN Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Muhsin Ali, Guillermo Carpintero, Kalle Ruttik, Edward Mutafangwa, Riku Jäntti
2023	A	`conf`	Demo: UE Assisted Ambient IoT in LTE Downlink, in real-time and open source. MobiSys Jingyi Liao, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Dinh-Thuy Phan-Huy
2023	—	`conf`	Impact of carrier frequency offset and phase noise on the steering vector for 3D drone localization based on angle of arrival (AOA). ICSPCS Mehari Meles, Akash Rajasekaran, Lauri Mela, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2023	J	`jnl`	Midhaul Performance Modelling Using Commodity Hardware C-RAN Testbed. Wirel. Pers. Commun. Nicolas Malm, Kalle Ruttik, Olav Tirkkonen
2023	B	`conf`	Performance evaluation of measurement based GPS denied 3D drone localization and tracking. WCNC Mehari Meles, Akash Rajasekaran, Lauri Mela, Reza Ghazalian, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2023	—	`conf`	Zero-Energy-Device for 6G: First Real-Time Backscatter Communication Thanks to the Detection of Pilots from an Ambient Commercial Cellular Network. 6GNet Papis Ndiaye, Dinh-Thuy Phan-Huy, Ayman Hassan, Jingyi Liao, Xiyu Wang, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2023	J	`jnl`	Zero-Energy-Device for 6G: First Real-Time Backscatter Communication thanks to the Detection of Pilots from an Ambient Commercial Cellular Network. CoRR Papis Ndiaye, Dinh-Thuy Phan-Huy, Ayman Hassan, Jingyi Liao, Xiyu Wang, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2022	—	`conf`	Ambient backscatter communications using LTE cell specific reference signals. RFID-TA Kalle Ruttik, Xiyu Wang, Jingyi Liao, Riku Jäntti, Dinh-Thuy Phan-Huy
2022	—	`conf`	Drone localization based on 3D-AoA signal measurements. VTC Spring Mehari Meles, Lauri Mela, Akash Rajasekaran, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2022	—	`conf`	Millimeter-Wave Radio Link Analysis for 5G FWA by Combining Measurements and Geospatial Data. FNWF Norshahida Saba, Lauri Mela, Kalle Ruttik, Jari Salo, Riku Jäntti
2022	B	`conf`	Power Angular Measurements and Ray Tracing Simulations at Sub-THz Frequencies in Corridor. WCNC Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Muhsin Ali, Guillermo Carpintero, Kalle Ruttik, Edward Mutafangwa, Riku Jäntti
2022	—	`conf`	X-Haul Solutions for Different Functional Split Options Using THz and Sub-THz Bands. MobiWac Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Kalle Ruttik, Edward Mutafungwa, Riku Jäntti, Jyri Hämäläinen, Eduardo Yusta Padilla
2021	J	`jnl`	A study about signal variation with minor receiver displacement in a meeting room at 60 GHz: measurements and simulations. EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw. Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Jyri Hämäläinen
2021	J	`jnl`	Adaptive Physical Layer Selection for Bluetooth 5: Measurements and Simulations. Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput. Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Behnam Badihi, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2021	—	`conf`	Analysis of Drone Propagation With Ray Tracing From Sub-6 GHz Upto Terahertz Frequencies in a Real World Urban Environment. ICOIN Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Kalle Ruttik, Norshahida Saba, Edward Mutafungwa, Riku Jäntti, Jyri Hämäläinen
2021	—	`conf`	Blockage and Ray Tracing Propagation Model in 3GPP Specified Industrial Environment. ICOIN Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Jyri Hämäläinen
2021	—	`conf`	Distributed Antenna System in 3GPP Specified Industrial Environment. VTC Spring Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Jyri Hämäläinen
2021	B	`conf`	Measurement Based Study of Commercial 5G Frequencies in Urban Macro Cellular Environment. WiMob Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Norshahida Saba, Lauri Mela, Jari Salo, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2021	—	`conf`	Measurement based performance evaluation of drone self-localization using AoA of cellular signals. WPMC Mehari Meles, Akash Rajasekaran, Kalle Ruttik, Reino Virrankoski, Riku Jäntti
2021	—	`conf`	Measurements at 5G Commercial 26 GHz Frequency with Above and on Rooftop Level Antenna Masts in Urban Environment. VTC Spring Norshahida Saba, Lauri Mela, Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Kalle Ruttik, Jari Salo, Riku Jäntti
2021	—	`conf`	Outdoor to Indoor Path Loss Measurement at 1.8GHz, 3.5GHz, 6.5GHz, and 26GHz Commercial Frequency Bands. WPMC Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Lauri Mela, Norshahida Saba, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2021	—	`conf`	Rural Macrocell Path Loss Measurements for 5G Fixed Wireless Access at 26 GHz. 5GWF Norshahida Saba, Lauri Mela, Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Jari Salo, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2021	J	`jnl`	Ultra-Low-Power Wide Range Backscatter Communication Using Cellular Generated Carrier. Sensors Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Boxuan Xie, Kalle Ruttik, Hüseyin Yigitler, Riku Jäntti, Jyri Hämäläinen
2020	J	`jnl`	Latency-Aware Power Management in Software-Defined Radios. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. Nicolas Malm, Kalle Ruttik, Olav Tirkkonen
2020	—	`conf`	Measurements and Ray Tracing Simulations: Impact of Different Antenna Positions on Meeting Room Coverage at 60 GHz. EuCNC Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Jyri Hämäläinen
2020	B	`conf`	On Performance Evaluation of BLE 5 In Indoor Environment: An Experimental Study. PIMRC Behnam Badihi, Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2019	—	`conf`	Analysis of Indoor Solutions for Provision of Indoor Coverage at 3.5 GHz and 28 GHz for 5G System. ICT Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Fayezeh Ghavimi, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2019	—	`conf`	DAS and UDN Solutions for Indoor Coverage at Millimeter Wave (mmWave) Frequencies. VTC Fall Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2019	—	`conf`	Drone Detection and Classification Using Cellular Network: A Machine Learning Approach. VTC Fall Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Fayezeh Ghavimi, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2019	J	`jnl`	On the Performance of AoA-Based Localization in 5G Ultra-Dense Networks. IEEE Access Estifanos Yohannes Menta, Nicolas Malm, Riku Jäntti, Kalle Ruttik, Mário Costa, Kari Leppänen
2019	—	`conf`	Performance Analysis of Vertical and Higher Order Sectorization in Urban Environment at 28 GHz. ICT Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2019	B	`conf`	Performance Evaluation of Switched Beam Antenna with Different Configurations at 28 GHz. WCNC Muhammad Usman Sheikh, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2018	—	`conf`	Does Ambient Backscatter Communication Need Additional Regulations? DySPAN Kalle Ruttik, Ruifeng Duan, Riku Jäntti, Zhu Han
2018	—	`conf`	Modeling and Analysis of Dynamic Pilot Scheduling scheme for 5G Ultra-Dense Network. 5G World Forum Estifanos Yohannes Menta, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Petteri Kela, Kari Leppänen
2018	B	`conf`	Multi-bounce Effect: an Overlooked Aspect in Analysis of Ambient Backscatter Networks. EWSN Ruifeng Duan, Riku Jäntti, Kalle Ruttik
2018	—	`conf`	Quantum Backscatter Communication: A New Paradigm. ISWCS Roberto Di Candia, Riku Jäntti, Ruifeng Duan, Jari Lietzén, Hany Khalifa, Kalle Ruttik
2018	J	`jnl`	Quantum Backscatter Communication: A New Paradigm. CoRR Roberto Di Candia, Riku Jäntti, Ruifeng Duan, Jari Lietzén, Hany Khalifa, Kalle Ruttik
2018	—	`conf`	User Localization Enabled Ultra-dense Network Testbed. 5G World Forum Nicolas Malm, Liang Zhou, Estifanos Yohannes Menta, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Olav Tirkkonen, Mário Costa, Kari Leppänen
2017	J	`jnl`	Angular Domain Data-Assisted Channel Estimation for Pilot Decontamination in Massive MIMO. Mob. Inf. Syst. Yihenew Dagne Beyene, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2017	—	`conf`	Dynamic pilot scheduling scheme for 5G outdoor ultra-dense network. CSCN Estifanos Yohannes Menta, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2017	—	`conf`	Multiantenna Quantum Backscatter Communications. GLOBECOM Workshops Riku Jaentti, Roberto Di Candia, Ruifeng Duan, Kalle Ruttik
2017	J	`jnl`	Multiantenna Quantum Backscatter Communications. CoRR Riku Jäntti, Roberto Di Candia, Ruifeng Duan, Kalle Ruttik
2017	J	`jnl`	NB-IoT Technology Overview and Experience from Cloud-RAN Implementation. IEEE Wirel. Commun. Yihenew Dagne Beyene, Riku Jäntti, Olav Tirkkonen, Kalle Ruttik, Sassan Iraji, Anna Larmo, Tuomas Tirronen, Johan Torsner
2017	J	`jnl`	On the Achievable Rate of Bistatic Modulated Rescatter Systems. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. Ruifeng Duan, Riku Jäntti, Hüseyin Yigitler, Kalle Ruttik
2017	B	`conf`	On the Performance of Narrow-Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT). WCNC Yihenew Dagne Beyene, Riku Jäntti, Kalle Ruttik, Sassan Iraji
2017	J	`jnl`	Random Access Scheme for Sporadic Users in 5G. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. Yihenew Dagne Beyene, Riku Jäntti, Kalle Ruttik
2016	J	`jnl`	Dynamic TDD in LTE small cells. EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw. Jussi Kerttula, Aleksi Marttinen, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Mirza Nazrul Alam
2016	J	`jnl`	On the Capacity of Bi-static Modulated Re-scatter Systems. CoRR Ruifeng Duan, Riku Jäntti, Hüseyin Yigitler, Kalle Ruttik
2015	—	`conf`	Compressive sensing for MTC in new LTE uplink multi-user random access channel. AFRICON Yihenew Dagne Beyene, Christopher Boyd, Kalle Ruttik, Carsten Bockelmann, Olav Tirkkonen, Riku Jäntti
2015	—	`conf`	Creating secondary spectrum usage opportunity for D2D communication with interference cancellation. DySPAN Liang Zhou, Jussi Kerttula, Nicolas Malm, Yihenew Dagne Beyene, Kalle Ruttik, Olav Tirkkonen, Riku Jäntti
2015	—	`conf`	Interference Canceling Power Optimization for Device to Device Communication. VTC Spring Liang Zhou, Kalle Ruttik, Olav Tirkkonen
2015	J	`jnl`	Modeling the Interference Generated from Car Base Stations towards Indoor Femto-cells. CoRR Byungjin Cho, Konstantinos Koufos, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2015	—	`conf`	Spectrum sharing for MTC devices in LTE. DySPAN Yihenew Dagne Beyene, Nicolas Malm, Jussi Kerttula, Liang Zhou, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Olav Tirkkonen, Carsten Bockelmann
2015	—	`conf`	Spectrum sharing in D2D enabled HetNet. DySPAN Jussi Kerttula, Yihenew Dagne Beyene, Nicolas Malm, Liang Zhou, Kalle Ruttik, Olav Tirkkonen, Riku Jäntti
2015	—	`conf`	Transmission strategies in downlink of multi-user multi-cell distributed antenna systems. AFRICON Yihenew Dagne Beyene, Sassan Iraji, Riku Jäntti, Kalle Ruttik
2014	Misc	`conf`	Cell-edge inversion by interference cancellation for downlink cellular systems. ICCS Liang Zhou, Kalle Ruttik, Olav Tirkkonen, Randall Berry
2014	J	`jnl`	Cloud-RAN Architecture for Indoor DAS. IEEE Access Yihenew Dagne Beyene, Riku Jäntti, Kalle Ruttik
2014	—	`conf`	Implementing TD-LTE as software defined radio in general purpose processor. SRIF@SIGCOMM Jussi Kerttula, Nicolas Malm, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti, Olav Tirkkonen
2014	—	`conf`	Saving energy in base station with non real time operation system in Cloud-RAN. GLOBECOM Workshops Aleksi Marttinen, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2014	—	`conf`	Synchronized TV whitespace spectrum access. CrownCom Yihenew Dagne Beyene, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2013	—	`conf`	Effect of secondary transmission on primary pilot carriers in overlay cognitive radios. CrownCom Yihenew Dagne Beyene, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2013	B	`conf`	Interference canceling power control games in Gaussian interference channels. ISIT Liang Zhou, Kalle Ruttik, Olav Tirkkonen, Randall Berry
2013	—	`conf`	Modeling the Interference Generated from Car Base Stations towards Indoor Femto-Cells. TA Byungjin Cho, Konstantinos Koufos, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2012	—	`conf`	Aggregate interference from WLAN in the TV white space by using terrain-based channel model. CrownCom Konstantinos Koufos, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2012	—	`conf`	Dimensioning of secondary cellular system in TVWS. CrownCom Jussi Kerttula, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2012	J	`jnl`	Power Allocation in the TV White Space under Constraint on Secondary System Self-Interference. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. Byungjin Cho, Konstantinos Koufos, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2012	J	`jnl`	Voice service in cognitive networks over the TV spectrum. IET Commun. Konstantinos Koufos, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2011	J	`jnl`	Computation of Aggregate Interference from Multiple Secondary Transmitters. IEEE Commun. Lett. Kalle Ruttik, Konstantinos Koufos, Riku Jäntti
2011	B	`conf`	Controlling the interference from multiple secondary systems at the TV cell border. PIMRC Konstantinos Koufos, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2011	J	`jnl`	Distributed Sensing in Multiband Cognitive Networks. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. Konstantinos Koufos, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2011	B	`conf`	Model for computing aggregate interference from secondary cellular network in presence of correlated shadow fading. PIMRC Kalle Ruttik, Konstantinos Koufos, Riku Jäntti
2011	—	`—`	Secondary spectrum usage in TV white space. Kalle Ruttik
2010	—	`conf`	Feasibility of voice service in cognitive networks over the TV spectrum. CrownCom Konstantinos Koufos, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2009	B	`conf`	Approximate rate quantization of Adaptive Modulation and Coding with near-optimum throughput. PIMRC Chia-Hao Yu, Kalle Ruttik, Olav Tirkkonen
2009	B	`conf`	Combining BICM with trellis based constellation shaping. IWCMC Kalle Ruttik
2009	B	`conf`	Design of adaptive modulation and coding system using ideal performance codes. IWCMC Chia-Hao Yu, Kalle Ruttik, Olav Tirkkonen
2009	J	`jnl`	Detection of Unknown Signals in a Fading Environment. IEEE Commun. Lett. Kalle Ruttik, Konstantinos Koufos, Riku Jäntti
2009	B	`conf`	OFDM sensing in low SNR with noise uncertainty. PIMRC Konstantinos Koufos, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2009	B	`conf`	Signal model for OFDM sensing in cognitive radio. PIMRC Konstantinos Koufos, Kalle Ruttik, Riku Jäntti
2009	J	`jnl`	Spectrum reuse at the border of a primary user cell. IEEE Trans. Commun. Kalle Ruttik, Konstantinos Koufos, Riku Jäntti
2009	B	`conf`	Spectrum sensing with multiple antennas. SMC Kalle Ruttik, Konstantinos Koufos, Riku Jäntti
2007	B	`conf`	Distributed Power Detection in Shadowing Environment and with Communication Constraint. PIMRC Kalle Ruttik, Konstantinos Koufos, Riku Jäntti
2006	B	`conf`	Calculation of Mutual Information between Messages in Loops of a Tanner Graph. ISIT Kalle Ruttik
2004	—	`conf`	BER for CMOS Analog Decoder with Different Working Points. ICT Kalle Ruttik
2004	B	`conf`	Error analysis of the CMOS based soft gate for analog turbo decoder. PIMRC Kalle Ruttik