Jan Goedgebeur

115 papers A* 1B 4C 1Misc 2Journal 101Unranked 6
YearRankTypeTitle / Venue / Authors
2026 J jnl
CoRR
Gauvain Devillez, Sven D'hondt, Jan Goedgebeur
2026 J jnl
Inf. Comput.
Jan Goedgebeur, Jorik Jooken, Karolina Okrasa, Pawel Rzazewski, Oliver Schaudt
2026 B conf
SOFSEM
Stijn Cambie, Jan Goedgebeur, Jorik Jooken, Tibo Van den Eede
2026 J jnl
Eur. J. Comb.
Jan Goedgebeur, Davide Mattiolo, Giuseppe Mazzuoccolo, Jarne Renders, Luca Toffanetti, Isaak H. Wolf
2026 J jnl
J. Comb. Optim.
Louis Stubbe, Jens Goemaere, Jan Goedgebeur
2026 J jnl
Theor. Comput. Sci.
Wen Xia, Jorik Jooken, Jan Goedgebeur, Iain Beaton, Ben Cameron, Shenwei Huang
2025 J jnl
Discret. Appl. Math.
Wen Xia, Jorik Jooken, Jan Goedgebeur, Shenwei Huang
2025 conf
SOFSEM (1)
Jan Goedgebeur, Jarne Renders
2025 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Jorik Jooken, Gwenaël Joret, Tibo Van den Eede
2025 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Jarne Renders, Gábor Wiener, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2025 J jnl
CoRR
Geoffrey Exoo, Jan Goedgebeur, Jorik Jooken, Louis Stubbe, Tibo Van den Eede
2025 J jnl
CoRR
Stijn Cambie, Jan Goedgebeur, Jorik Jooken, Tibo Van den Eede
2025 J jnl
Theor. Comput. Sci.
Wen Xia, Jorik Jooken, Jan Goedgebeur, Shenwei Huang
2025 J jnl
Eur. J. Comb.
Jan Goedgebeur, Edita Mácajová, Jarne Renders
2025 J jnl
CoRR
Marién Abreu, Jan Goedgebeur, Jorik Jooken, Federico Romaniello, Tibo Van den Eede
2025 J jnl
Electron. J. Comb.
Stijn Cambie, Jorik Jooken, Jan Goedgebeur
2025 conf
COCOON (2)
Wen Xia, Jorik Jooken, Jan Goedgebeur, Iain Beaton, Ben Cameron, Shenwei Huang
2024 J jnl
J. Heuristics
Louis Carpentier, Jorik Jooken, Jan Goedgebeur
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Jorik Jooken, Tibo Van den Eede
2024 J jnl
Discret. Math.
Jan Goedgebeur, Jarne Renders, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Jarne Renders
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Kenta Noguchi, Jarne Renders, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Matias Daneels, Jan Goedgebeur, Jarne Renders
2024 B conf
MFCS
Jan Goedgebeur, Jorik Jooken, Karolina Okrasa, Pawel Rzazewski, Oliver Schaudt
2024 J jnl
Discuss. Math. Graph Theory
Jan Goedgebeur, Thomas Gringore, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Davide Mattiolo, Giuseppe Mazzuoccolo, Jarne Renders, Luca Toffanetti, Isaak H. Wolf
2024 conf
COCOON (1)
Wen Xia, Jorik Jooken, Jan Goedgebeur, Shenwei Huang
2023 J jnl
Theor. Comput. Sci.
Jan Goedgebeur, Shenwei Huang, Yiao Ju, Owen D. Merkel
2023 conf
COCOA (2)
Wen Xia, Jorik Jooken, Jan Goedgebeur, Shenwei Huang
2023 J jnl
CoRR
Louis Stubbe, Jens Goemaere, Jan Goedgebeur
2023 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Edita Mácajová, Jarne Renders
2023 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Jarne Renders, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2023 J jnl
Discret. Appl. Math.
Kris Coolsaet, Sven D'hondt, Jan Goedgebeur
2023 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Jarne Renders, Gábor Wiener, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2023 B conf
WG
Jan Goedgebeur, Edita Mácajová, Jarne Renders
2023 J jnl
Discret. Appl. Math.
Qingqiong Cai, Jan Goedgebeur, Shenwei Huang
2022 J jnl
CoRR
Louis Carpentier, Jorik Jooken, Jan Goedgebeur
2022 conf
ITAT
Jan Goedgebeur
2022 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Jorik Jooken, On-Hei Solomon Lo, Ben Seamone, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2022 J jnl
CoRR
Kris Coolsaet, Sven D'hondt, Jan Goedgebeur
2022 J jnl
Discret. Appl. Math.
Jan Goedgebeur, Steven Van Overberghe
2022 J jnl
Discret. Math.
Jan Goedgebeur, Patric R. J. Östergård
2022 J jnl
Math. Comput.
Gunnar Brinkmann, Jan Goedgebeur, Brendan D. McKay
2021 J jnl
J. Graph Theory
Jan Goedgebeur, Davide Mattiolo, Giuseppe Mazzuoccolo
2021 J jnl
Theor. Comput. Sci.
Flavia Bonomo-Braberman, Maria Chudnovsky, Jan Goedgebeur, Peter Maceli, Oliver Schaudt, Maya Stein, Mingxian Zhong
2021 Misc conf
COCOON
Jan Goedgebeur, Shenwei Huang, Yiao Ju, Owen D. Merkel
2021 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Shenwei Huang, Yiao Ju, Owen D. Merkel
2021 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Steven Van Overberghe
2021 J jnl
CoRR
Qingqiong Cai, Jan Goedgebeur, Shenwei Huang
2021 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Patric R. J. Östergård
2021 J jnl
CoRR
Gunnar Brinkmann, Jan Goedgebeur, Brendan D. McKay
2020 J jnl
Discret. Math.
Jan Goedgebeur, Davide Mattiolo, Giuseppe Mazzuoccolo
2020 J jnl
Discuss. Math. Graph Theory
Patrick W. Fowler, John Baptist Gauci, Jan Goedgebeur, Tomaz Pisanski, Irene Sciriha
2020 J jnl
Math. Comput.
Jan Goedgebeur, Barbara Meersman, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2020 J jnl
SIAM J. Discret. Math.
Maria Chudnovsky, Jan Goedgebeur, Oliver Schaudt, Mingxian Zhong
2020 J jnl
J. Comb. Theory, Ser. B
Maria Chudnovsky, Jan Goedgebeur, Oliver Schaudt, Mingxian Zhong
2020 J jnl
J. Graph Theory
Jan Goedgebeur
2020 J jnl
Appl. Math. Comput.
Jan Goedgebeur, Addie Neyt, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2020 J jnl
Discret. Appl. Math.
Jan Goedgebeur, Edita Mácajová, Martin Skoviera
2020 Misc conf
COCOON
Kathie Cameron, Jan Goedgebeur, Shenwei Huang, Yongtang Shi
2019 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Davide Mattiolo, Giuseppe Mazzuoccolo
2019 J jnl
Discret. Math. Theor. Comput. Sci.
Geoffrey Exoo, Jan Goedgebeur
2019 J jnl
J. Graph Theory
Marién Abreu, Jan Goedgebeur, Domenico Labbate, Giuseppe Mazzuoccolo
2019 J jnl
CoRR
Patrick W. Fowler, John Baptist Gauci, Jan Goedgebeur, Tomaz Pisanski, Irene Sciriha
2019 J jnl
CoRR
Wouter Cames van Batenburg, Jan Goedgebeur, Gwenaël Joret
2019 J jnl
Discret. Math. Theor. Comput. Sci.
Jan Goedgebeur, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2019 J jnl
Discret. Math.
Jan Goedgebeur, Kenta Ozeki, Nico Van Cleemput, Gábor Wiener
2019 J jnl
Ars Math. Contemp.
Jan Goedgebeur, Edita Mácajová, Martin Skoviera
2019 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Edita Mácajová, Martin Skoviera
2018 J jnl
Discret. Appl. Math.
Marién Abreu, Jan Goedgebeur, Domenico Labbate, Giuseppe Mazzuoccolo
2018 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Davide Mattiolo, Giuseppe Mazzuoccolo
2018 J jnl
CoRR
Geoffrey Exoo, Jan Goedgebeur
2018 J jnl
J. Graph Theory
Jan Goedgebeur, Oliver Schaudt
2018 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Barbara Meersman, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2018 J jnl
J. Graph Theory
Jan Goedgebeur, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2018 J jnl
Ars Math. Contemp.
Jan Goedgebeur, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2018 J jnl
Electron. J. Comb.
Jan Goedgebeur
2018 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Kenta Ozeki, Nico Van Cleemput, Gábor Wiener
2017 J jnl
CoRR
Marién Abreu, Jan Goedgebeur, Domenico Labbate, Giuseppe Mazzuoccolo
2017 J jnl
CoRR
Kris Coolsaet, Patrick W. Fowler, Jan Goedgebeur
2017 J jnl
J. Graph Theory
Gunnar Brinkmann, Jan Goedgebeur
2017 J jnl
Ars Math. Contemp.
Jan Goedgebeur, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2017 J jnl
CoRR
Maria Chudnovsky, Jan Goedgebeur, Oliver Schaudt, Mingxian Zhong
2017 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur
2017 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur
2017 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Edita Mácajová, Martin Skoviera
2017 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Addie Neyt, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2016 B conf
WG
Jan Goedgebeur, Oliver Schaudt
2016 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2016 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2016 A* conf
SODA
Maria Chudnovsky, Jan Goedgebeur, Oliver Schaudt, Mingxian Zhong
2016 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Carol T. Zamfirescu
2015 J jnl
Discret. Appl. Math.
Jan Goedgebeur
2015 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Oliver Schaudt
2015 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Brendan D. McKay
2015 J jnl
CoRR
Gunnar Brinkmann, Jan Goedgebeur
2015 J jnl
CoRR
Maria Chudnovsky, Jan Goedgebeur, Oliver Schaudt, Mingxian Zhong
2015 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Brendan D. McKay
2014 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur
2013 J jnl
J. Comb. Theory B
Gunnar Brinkmann, Jan Goedgebeur, Jonas Hägglund, Klas Markström
2013 J jnl
Discret. Appl. Math.
Gunnar Brinkmann, Kris Coolsaet, Jan Goedgebeur, Hadrien Mélot
2013 J jnl
Electron. J. Comb.
Jan Goedgebeur, Stanislaw P. Radziszowski
2013 J jnl
4OR
Sofie Demeyer, Jan Goedgebeur, Pieter Audenaert, Mario Pickavet, Piet Demeester
2013 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Stanislaw P. Radziszowski
2013 J jnl
Electron. J. Comb.
Jan Goedgebeur, Stanislaw P. Radziszowski
2012 C conf
CTW
Gunnar Brinkmann, Kris Coolsaet, Jan Goedgebeur, Hadrien Mélot
2012 J jnl
CoRR
Gunnar Brinkmann, Jan Goedgebeur, Jonas Hägglund, Klas Markström
2012 J jnl
CoRR
Gunnar Brinkmann, Kris Coolsaet, Jan Goedgebeur, Hadrien Mélot
2012 J jnl
CoRR
Jan Goedgebeur, Stanislaw P. Radziszowski
2012 J jnl
Electron. J. Comb.
Gunnar Brinkmann, Jan Goedgebeur, Jan-Christoph Schlage-Puchta
2012 J jnl
CoRR
Gunnar Brinkmann, Jan Goedgebeur, Jan-Christoph Schlage-Puchta
2012 J jnl
CoRR
Gunnar Brinkmann, Jan Goedgebeur, Brendan D. McKay
2012 J jnl
J. Chem. Inf. Model.
Gunnar Brinkmann, Jan Goedgebeur, Brendan D. McKay
2011 J jnl
Discret. Math. Theor. Comput. Sci.
Gunnar Brinkmann, Jan Goedgebeur, Brendan D. McKay
2010 conf
ITSC
Sofie Demeyer, Jan Goedgebeur, Pieter Audenaert, Mario Pickavet, Piet Demeester
redb/extractors/decompiler/DecompileBinja.py
← Index redb/extractors/decompiler/DecompileBinja.py python
import hashlib
import inspect
import json
import logging
import os
import signal
import time
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from typing import Dict, Any, Optional
from pathlib import Path
import subprocess
import sys

from redb.extractors.enum import Tag
from redb.extractors.extractor import Extractor
import magic
import pefile
from elftools.elf.elffile import ELFFile

# Import our BinjaDecompiler (conditional)
from redb.extractors.decompiler.bninja.decompiler import BinaryNinjaDecompiler

class DecompileBinja(Extractor):
    def __init__(
        self,
        filepath,
        log,
        exporters=None,
        index_prefix=None,
        elastic_index=None,
        known_benign=False,
        known_malicious=False,
        filetype=None,
        decompile_modules=None,
    ):
        super().__init__(
            filepath,
            log,
            exporters,
            index_prefix,
            elastic_index,
            known_benign,
            known_malicious,
        )
        self.log.debug(inspect.currentframe().f_code.co_name)

        # Check if Binary Ninja is available
       # if not BINARYNINJA_AVAILABLE:
        #     self.log.error("Binary Ninja is not available in this container")
        #    raise ImportError(
        #        "Binary Ninja module not found - not available in feature extraction container"
        #    )
        self.analysis_results = None
        self.binja_decompiler = None
        self.filetype = filetype
        self.decompile_modules = decompile_modules or {"all"}
        self.goresym_data = None
        self.goresym_output_path = None

        # Convert TIMEOUT to integer with a default of 1200 seconds (20 minutes)
        try:
            self.BINJA_TIMEOUT = int(os.getenv("BINJA_TIMEOUT", "1200"))
        except ValueError:
            self.log.warning(
                "Invalid BINJA_TIMEOUT value, using default of 1200 seconds"
            )
            self.BINJA_TIMEOUT = 1200

        # Convert TIMEOUT to integer with a default of 1200 seconds (20 minutes)
        try:
            self.DECOMPILE_EXTRACTOR_TIMEOUT = int(
                os.getenv("DECOMPILE_EXTRACTOR_TIMEOUT", "2580")
            )
        except ValueError:
            self.log.warning(
                "Invalid DECOMPILE_EXTRACTOR_TIMEOUT value, using default of 2580 seconds"
            )
            self.DECOMPILE_EXTRACTOR_TIMEOUT = 2580

    def __enter__(self):
        return self

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
        self.cleanup_run()

    def calculate_md5(self, input_str):
        """Calculate MD5 hash of a string."""
        return hashlib.md5(input_str.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()

    def is_dotnet(self):
        """Check if the binary is a .NET assembly.

        Returns:
            bool: True if the file is a .NET assembly, False otherwise
        """
        try:
            if self.filetype == "pebin":
                file_type = magic.from_buffer(self.binary)
                if ".Net" in file_type:
                    return True
                pe = pefile.PE(self.filepath)
                for entry in pe.OPTIONAL_HEADER.DATA_DIRECTORY:
                    # IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_COM_DESCRIPTOR is typically 14
                    if (
                        entry.name == "IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_COM_DESCRIPTOR"
                        and entry.Size > 0
                    ):
                        return True
                return False
            return False
        except AttributeError as e:
            self.log.error(
                f"AttributeError error dotnet file {self.hash.sha256} Full error : {e}"
            )
            return False

    def is_golang(self):
        """Check if the binary is a Go-compiled binary (heuristic).

        Supports PE and ELF binaries.
        """
        try:
            if self.filetype == "pebin":
                pe = pefile.PE(self.filepath)
                signatures = [b"Go build ID:", b"runtime.main", b"main.main"]

                for section in pe.sections:
                    data = section.get_data()
                    if any(sig in data for sig in signatures):
                        return True

                return False

            elif self.filetype == "elf":
                with open(self.filepath, "rb") as f:
                    elf = ELFFile(f)

                    # 1. Section-based checks
                    section_names = [sec.name for sec in elf.iter_sections()]
                    if any(
                        s in section_names
                        for s in (".note.go.buildid", ".gopclntab")
                    ):
                        return True

                    # 2. String scan in loadable sections
                    signatures = [
                        b"Go build ID:",
                        b"runtime.main",
                        b"runtime.goexit",
                        b"runtime.morestack",
                        b"main.main",
                    ]

                    for sec in elf.iter_sections():
                        if sec["sh_flags"] & 0x2:  # SHF_ALLOC
                            data = sec.data()
                            if any(sig in data for sig in signatures):
                                return True

                return False

            return False

        except Exception as e:
            self.log.error(
                f"Golang detection error {self.hash.sha256}: {e}"
            )
            return False

    def cleanup_run(self):
        """Clean up after analysis."""
        try:
            # BinaryNinjaDecompiler uses context manager pattern (__enter__/__exit__)
            # Cleanup happens automatically when exiting the 'with' block
            self.binja_decompiler = None

            # Clean up goresym temp file if it exists (keep in debug mode)
            if self.goresym_output_path and os.path.exists(self.goresym_output_path):
                if self.log.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):
                    self.log.debug(f"Debug mode: keeping goresym output at {self.goresym_output_path}")
                else:
                    os.remove(self.goresym_output_path)
                    self.goresym_output_path = None

            # Force garbage collection
            import gc

            gc.collect()

        except Exception as e:
            self.log.error(f"Error in cleanup: {e}")

    def run_goresym(self, binary_path, output_json_path):
        """
            Run goresym on a Go binary and export its JSON output to a file.
            binary_path: path to the Go binary to analyze
            output_json_path: path where the JSON output will be saved
            """
        binary_path = str(Path(binary_path).resolve())
        output_json_path = str(Path(output_json_path).resolve())
        goresym_path = os.getenv("GORESYM_PATH", "GoReSym")

        try:
            # Example: goresym -t json /path/to/binary
            self.log.info("DEBUG: starting GoReSym")
            result = subprocess.run(
                [goresym_path, binary_path],
                stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
                text=True,
            )
        except FileNotFoundError:
            self.log.error("Error: 'goresym' not found in PATH. Make sure it is installed.")
            raise
        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
            self.log.error("Error during goresym execution:")
            self.log.error(e.stderr)


        # Assuming goresym emits valid JSON to stdout.
        try:
            parsed = json.loads(result.stdout)
            # Store parsed JSON for later export to ClickHouse
            self.goresym_data = parsed
        except json.JSONDecodeError:
            # If it's not valid JSON, save the raw output instead.
            self.log.error("Warning: goresym output is not valid JSON; saving raw.")
            with open(output_json_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                f.write(result.stdout)
            return

        # Save pretty-printed JSON for readability and debugging (used by BinaryNinja)
        with open(output_json_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
            json.dump(parsed, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
        self.goresym_output_path = output_json_path

        self.log.debug(f"goresym output saved to: {output_json_path}")

    def analyze_binary(self) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
        """Run Binary Ninja analysis and return results."""
        self.log.debug("Starting binary analysis")
        # if the binary is dotnet (only PE)
        if self.is_dotnet():
            self.log.debug("Skipping .NET binary - decompilation not supported")
            return None

        output_json_path = None
        ## if golang: run goresym
        try:
            if self.is_golang():
                output_json_path = "./goResym.json"
                self.run_goresym(self.filepath, output_json_path)
        except Exception as e:
            self.log.error(f"Error on GoReSym extraction: {e}")

        try:
            # Use BinaryNinjaDecompiler as a context manager to ensure proper setup/cleanup
            with BinaryNinjaDecompiler(
                filepath=self.filepath,
                timeout=self.BINJA_TIMEOUT,
                log=self.log,
                exporters=self.exporters,
                index_prefix=self.index_prefix,
                filetype=self.filetype,
                goresym=output_json_path,
                decompile_modules=self.decompile_modules,
            ) as decompiler:
                self.binja_decompiler = decompiler

                if decompiler.extract():
                    # Store results before context manager exits
                    results = decompiler.analysis_results
                    return results
                else:
                    self.log.error("BinaryNinjaDecompiler extraction failed")
                    return None

        except Exception as e:
            self.log.error(f"Error in Binary Ninja analysis: {e}")
            import traceback
            self.log.error(f"Traceback: {traceback.format_exc()}")
            return None

        finally:
            self.cleanup_run()

    def extract(self):
        """Extract and process all analysis results."""
        self.log.debug(inspect.currentframe().f_code.co_name)

        # Create a flag to track if extraction completed
        extraction_completed = False
        extraction_result = False
        extraction_error = None

        # Define the extraction process as a separate function
        def do_extraction():
            nonlocal extraction_completed, extraction_result, extraction_error
            try:
                results = self.analyze_binary()
                if not results:
                    extraction_result = False
                else:
                    self.analysis_results = results
                    # Add file hashes from parent Extractor class to analysis results
                    self.analysis_results["sha256"] = self.sha256
                    self.analysis_results["sha1"] = self.sha1
                    self.analysis_results["md5"] = self.md5
                    extraction_result = True
            except Exception as e:
                extraction_error = e
                extraction_result = False
            finally:
                extraction_completed = True

        # Run extraction directly with signal-based timeout (no thread overhead).
        # SIGALRM is delivered by the OS, so there's no GIL contention or polling.
        old_handler = signal.getsignal(signal.SIGALRM)
        def _timeout_handler(signum, frame):
            raise TimeoutError("Extraction timed out")

        signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, _timeout_handler)
        signal.alarm(self.DECOMPILE_EXTRACTOR_TIMEOUT)
        try:
            do_extraction()
        except TimeoutError:
            self.log.error(
                f"Extraction timed out after {self.DECOMPILE_EXTRACTOR_TIMEOUT} seconds"
            )
            self.cleanup_run()
            return None
        finally:
            signal.alarm(0)
            signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, old_handler)

        if extraction_error:
            self.log.error(f"Error in extraction: {extraction_error}")
            return None

        # Return the actual analysis results, not just a boolean
        return self.analysis_results if extraction_result else None

    def prepare_export_data(self, exporter_type: str) -> Any:
        """Prepare data for database export."""
        self.log.debug(inspect.currentframe().f_code.co_name)
        if not self.analysis_results:
            return None

        # # Delegate to the BinjaDecompiler for consistent export formatting
        # if self.binja_decompiler:
        #     return self.binja_decompiler.prepare_export_data(exporter_type)
        # else:
        #     self.log.error("BinjaDecompiler not available for export preparation")
        #     return None

        if exporter_type == "ClickHouseExporter":
            now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)

            def prepare_array_field(value, array_type):
                """Helper to prepare array fields with proper null handling"""
                if value is None:
                    return []
                return value

            # Add a helper function to handle empty strings
            def ensure_not_empty(value, default="UNKNOWN"):
                """Ensure a string value is not empty"""
                if value is None or value == "":
                    return default
                return value

            def prepare_register_usage_map(register_dict):
                """Convert register usage dict to Map format with tuples
                Input: {"rbx": {"reads": 3, "writes": 1}, ...}
                Output: {"rbx": (3, 1), ...}
                """
                if not register_dict:
                    return {}
                return {
                    reg: (info.get("reads", 0), info.get("writes", 0))
                    for reg, info in register_dict.items()
                }


            decompile_modules = getattr(self, "decompile_modules", {"all"})
            run_all = "all" in decompile_modules
            run_decompilation = run_all or "decompilation" in decompile_modules
            run_disassembly = run_all or "disassembly" in decompile_modules
            run_llil = run_all or "llil" in decompile_modules
            run_cfg = run_all or "cfg" in decompile_modules
            run_strings = run_all or "strings" in decompile_modules

            export = {"multi_table": True}

            # Decompilation tables
            if run_decompilation:
                export["decompiled_content"] = {
                    "table": "code_binja_decompiled_functions_content",
                    "data": [
                        [
                            f["decompiled_function_hash"],
                            f["decompiled_function"],
                            f["function_type"],
                            f.get("flattened_score"),
                            f.get("mba_score"),
                            now,
                        ]
                        for f in self.analysis_results["decompiled"]
                    ],
                    "column_names": [
                        "decompiled_function_hash",
                        "decompiled_function",
                        "function_type",
                        "flattened_score",
                        "mba_score",
                        "analysis_date",
                    ],
                    "column_type_names": [
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "String",
                        "Enum8('USER'=1, 'LIBRARY'=2, 'THUNK'=3, 'EXTERNAL'=4, 'UNKNOWN'=5)",
                        "Nullable(Float64)",
                        "Nullable(Float64)",
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                }
                export["decompiled_refs"] = {
                    "table": "code_binja_decompiled_functions_references",
                    "data": [
                        [
                            self.analysis_results["sha256"],
                            self.analysis_results["sha1"],
                            self.analysis_results["md5"],
                            f["decompiled_function_hash"],
                            f.get("disassembled_function_hash"),
                            f["decompiled_function_name"],
                            f["decompiled_function_prototype"],
                            f["decompiled_function_address"],
                            prepare_array_field(f.get("functions_caller"), "Array(String)"),
                            prepare_array_field(f.get("functions_call"), "Array(String)"),
                            now,
                        ]
                        for f in self.analysis_results["decompiled"]
                    ],
                    "column_names": [
                        "sha256",
                        "sha1",
                        "md5",
                        "decompiled_function_hash",
                        "disassembled_function_hash",
                        "decompiled_function_name",
                        "decompiled_function_prototype",
                        "decompiled_function_address",
                        "functions_caller",
                        "functions_call",
                        "analysis_date",
                    ],
                    "column_type_names": [
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "FixedString(40)",
                        "FixedString(32)",
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "Nullable(FixedString(64))",
                        "LowCardinality(String)",
                        "LowCardinality(String)",
                        "UInt64",
                        "Array(String)",
                        "Array(String)",
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                }

            # Disassembly tables
            if run_disassembly:
                export["disassembled_content"] = {
                    "table": "code_binja_disassembled_functions_content",
                    "data": [
                        [
                            f["disassembled_function_hash"],
                            f.get("disassembled_function", ""),
                            f.get("disassembled_function_no_addresses", ""),
                            f.get("function_type", "UNKNOWN"),
                            f.get("instructions_count", 0),
                            prepare_array_field(
                                f.get("instructions_types"), "LowCardinality(String)"
                            ),
                            f.get("control_flow_count", 0),
                            prepare_array_field(
                                f.get("memory_access_pattern"), "LowCardinality(String)"
                            ),
                            prepare_array_field(
                                f.get("register_usage"), "LowCardinality(String)"
                            ),
                            f.get("data_references_count", 0),
                            f.get("max_block_size"),
                            f.get("num_calls"),
                            f.get("stack_size"),
                            now,
                        ]
                        for f in self.analysis_results["disassembled"]
                    ],
                    "column_names": [
                        "disassembled_function_hash",
                        "disassembled_function",
                        "disassembled_function_no_addresses",
                        "function_type",
                        "instructions_count",
                        "instructions_types",
                        "control_flow_count",
                        "memory_access_pattern",
                        "register_usage",
                        "data_references_count",
                        "max_block_size",
                        "num_calls",
                        "stack_size",
                        "analysis_date",
                    ],
                    "column_type_names": [
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "String",
                        "String",
                        "Enum8('USER'=1, 'LIBRARY'=2, 'THUNK'=3, 'EXTERNAL'=4, 'UNKNOWN'=5)",
                        "UInt32",
                        "Array(LowCardinality(String))",
                        "UInt32",
                        "Array(LowCardinality(String))",
                        "Array(LowCardinality(String))",
                        "UInt32",
                        "Nullable(UInt32)",
                        "Nullable(UInt32)",
                        "Nullable(Int32)",
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                }
                export["disassembled_refs"] = {
                    "table": "code_binja_disassembled_functions_references",
                    "data": [
                        [
                            self.analysis_results["sha256"],
                            self.analysis_results["sha1"],
                            self.analysis_results["md5"],
                            f["disassembled_function_hash"],
                            f.get("decompiled_function_hash"),
                            f["disassembled_function_name"],
                            f["disassembled_function_address"],
                            f.get("tlsh_disassembly"),
                            f.get("tlsh_llil"),
                            now,
                        ]
                        for f in self.analysis_results["disassembled"]
                    ],
                    "column_names": [
                        "sha256",
                        "sha1",
                        "md5",
                        "disassembled_function_hash",
                        "decompiled_function_hash",
                        "disassembled_function_name",
                        "disassembled_function_address",
                        "tlsh_disassembly",
                        "tlsh_llil",
                        "analysis_date",
                    ],
                    "column_type_names": [
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "FixedString(40)",
                        "FixedString(32)",
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "Nullable(FixedString(64))",
                        "LowCardinality(String)",
                        "UInt64",
                        "Nullable(FixedString(72))",
                        "Nullable(FixedString(72))",
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                }
                # Function similarity metrics table (derived from disassembly data)
                # Lookup maps to join LLIL/MLIL features by disassembled_function_hash
                llil_by_hash = {
                    l.get("disassembled_function_hash"): l
                    for l in self.analysis_results.get("llil", [])
                    if l and l.get("disassembled_function_hash")
                }
                mlil_by_hash = {
                    m.get("disassembled_function_hash"): m
                    for m in self.analysis_results.get("mlil", [])
                    if m and m.get("disassembled_function_hash")
                }

                export["function_similarity_metrics"] = {
                    "table": "code_binja_function_similarity_metrics",
                    "data": [
                        [
                            f["disassembled_function_hash"],
                            f.get("cyclomatic_complexity"),
                            f.get("tlsh_disassembly"),
                            f.get("tlsh_llil"),
                            prepare_array_field(f.get("minhash"), "Array(UInt8)"),
                            (llil_by_hash.get(f["disassembled_function_hash"]) or {}).get("tlsh_llil"),
                            (llil_by_hash.get(f["disassembled_function_hash"]) or {}).get(
                                "tlsh_instruction_typed_llil"),
                            prepare_array_field(
                                (llil_by_hash.get(f["disassembled_function_hash"]) or {}).get("minhash_llil_skeleton"),
                                "Array(UInt8)",
                            ),
                            prepare_array_field(
                                (llil_by_hash.get(f["disassembled_function_hash"]) or {}).get("minhash_llil_typed"),
                                "Array(UInt8)",
                            ),
                            (mlil_by_hash.get(f["disassembled_function_hash"]) or {}).get("tlsh_mlil_skeleton"),
                            (mlil_by_hash.get(f["disassembled_function_hash"]) or {}).get("tlsh_mlil_typed"),
                            prepare_array_field(
                                (mlil_by_hash.get(f["disassembled_function_hash"]) or {}).get("minhash_mlil_skeleton"),
                                "Array(UInt8)",
                            ),
                            prepare_array_field(
                                (mlil_by_hash.get(f["disassembled_function_hash"]) or {}).get("minhash_mlil_typed"),
                                "Array(UInt8)",
                            ),
                            now,
                        ]
                        for f in self.analysis_results.get("disassembled", [])
                    ],
                    "column_names": [
                        "disassembled_function_hash",
                        "cyclomatic_complexity",
                        "tlsh_disassembly",
                        "tlsh_llil",
                        "minhash",
                        "tlsh_llil_new",
                        "tlsh_instruction_typed_llil",
                        "minhash_llil_skeleton",
                        "minhash_llil_typed",
                        "tlsh_mlil_skeleton",
                        "tlsh_mlil_typed",
                        "minhash_mlil_skeleton",
                        "minhash_mlil_typed",
                        "analysis_date",
                    ],
                    "column_type_names": [
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "Nullable(UInt16)",
                        "Nullable(FixedString(72))",
                        "Nullable(FixedString(72))",
                        "Array(UInt8)",
                        # new
                        "Nullable(FixedString(72))",
                        "Nullable(FixedString(72))",
                        "Array(UInt8)",
                        "Array(UInt8)",
                        "Nullable(FixedString(72))",
                        "Nullable(FixedString(72))",
                        "Array(UInt8)",
                        "Array(UInt8)",
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                }


            # LLIL tables
            if run_llil:
                export["llil_content"] = {
                    "table": "code_binja_llil_functions_content",
                    "data": [
                        [
                            f["sha256_llil"],
                            f["function_type"],
                            prepare_array_field(
                                f.get("instructions_types_llil"), "LowCardinality(String)"
                            ),
                            f.get("control_flow_count_llil", 0),
                            prepare_array_field(
                                f.get("memory_access_pattern_llil"), "LowCardinality(String)"
                            ),
                            prepare_register_usage_map(f.get("register_usage", {})),
                            f.get("total_reg_reads", 0),
                            f.get("total_reg_written", 0),
                            f.get("data_references_count", 0),
                            f.get("max_block_size"),
                            f.get("num_calls"),
                            f.get("stack_size"),
                            prepare_array_field(f.get("body_llil_vector"), "Array(Tuple(UInt32, Array(UInt16)))"),
                            now,
                        ]
                        for f in self.analysis_results.get("llil", [])
                    ],
                    "column_names": [
                        "llil_function_hash",
                        "function_type",
                        "instructions_types_llil",
                        "control_flow_count_llil",
                        "memory_access_pattern_llil",
                        "register_usage_llil",
                        "total_reg_reads",
                        "total_reg_written",
                        "data_references_count",
                        "max_block_size",
                        "num_calls",
                        "stack_size",
                        "body_llil_vector",
                        "analysis_date",
                    ],
                    "column_type_names": [
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "Enum8('USER'=1, 'LIBRARY'=2, 'THUNK'=3, 'EXTERNAL'=4, 'UNKNOWN'=5)",
                        "Array(LowCardinality(String))",
                        "UInt32",
                        "Array(LowCardinality(String))",
                        "Map(LowCardinality(String), Tuple(UInt32, UInt32))",
                        "UInt32",
                        "UInt32",
                        "UInt32",
                        "Nullable(UInt32)",
                        "Nullable(UInt32)",
                        "Nullable(Int32)",
                        "Array(Tuple(UInt32, Array(UInt16)))",
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                }
                export["llil_refs"] = {
                    "table": "code_binja_llil_functions_references",
                    "data": [
                        [
                            self.analysis_results["sha256"],
                            self.analysis_results["sha1"],
                            self.analysis_results["md5"],
                            f.get("sha256_llil"),
                            f.get("disassembled_function_hash"),
                            f.get("function_address"),
                            f.get("tlsh_disassembly"),
                            f.get("tlsh_llil"),
                            now,
                        ]
                        for f in self.analysis_results.get("llil", [])
                    ],
                    "column_names": [
                        "sha256",
                        "sha1",
                        "md5",
                        "llil_function_hash",
                        "disassembled_function_hash",
                        "function_address",
                        "tlsh_disassembly",
                        "tlsh_llil",
                        "analysis_date",
                    ],
                    "column_type_names": [
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "FixedString(40)",
                        "FixedString(32)",
                        "Nullable(FixedString(64))",
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "UInt64",
                        "Nullable(FixedString(72))",
                        "Nullable(FixedString(72))",
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                }

            # Errors table (always include if per-function loop ran)
            if run_decompilation or run_disassembly or run_llil or run_cfg:
                export["function_analysis_errors"] = {
                    "table": "new_function_analysis_errors_binja",
                    "data": [
                        [
                            self.analysis_results["sha256"],
                            f["function_name"],
                            f["function_address"],
                            f.get("error_location", "unknown"),
                            f.get("error_message", ""),
                            f.get("error_details", ""),
                            f.get("error_type", "unknown"),
                            self.calculate_md5(
                                f"{f.get('error_message', '')}{f['function_name']}{f['function_address']}{f.get('error_location', 'unknown')}"
                            ),
                            "new",
                            now,
                        ]
                        for f in self.analysis_results.get("errors", [])
                    ],
                    "column_names": [
                        "sha256",
                        "function_name",
                        "function_address",
                        "error_location",
                        "error_message",
                        "error_details",
                        "error_type",
                        "error_hash",
                        "status",
                        "analysis_date",
                    ],
                    "column_type_names": [
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "Nullable(String)",
                        "UInt64",
                        "LowCardinality(String)",
                        "Nullable(String)",
                        "Nullable(String)",
                        "Nullable(String)",
                        "FixedString(32)",
                        "Enum8('new'=1, 'investigating'=2, 'fixed'=3, 'wontfix'=4)",
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                }

            # Strings table
            if run_strings:
                export["strings_raw"] = {
                    "table": "code_binja_strings_raw",
                    "data": [
                        [
                            self.analysis_results["sha256"],
                            s["string"],
                            s["string_raw"],
                            s["string_encoding"],
                            s["string_offset"],
                            s["string_length"],
                            s["string_raw_length"],
                            s["string_entropy"],
                        ]
                        for s in self.analysis_results.get("strings", [])
                    ],
                    "column_names": [
                        "sha256",
                        "string",
                        "string_raw",
                        "string_encoding",
                        "string_offset",
                        "string_length",
                        "string_raw_length",
                        "string_entropy",
                    ],
                    "column_type_names": [
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "String",
                        "String",
                        "LowCardinality(String)",
                        "UInt64",
                        "UInt32",
                        "UInt32",
                        "Float32",
                    ],
                }

            # CFG function-level features table
            if run_cfg:
                export["cfg_functions"] = {
                    "table": "code_binja_cfg_functions",
                    "data": [
                        [
                            cfg.get("disassembled_function_hash"),
                            cfg["cfg_topology_hash"],
                            cfg["block_count"],
                            cfg["edge_count"],
                            cfg.get("llil_total_operations", 0),
                            cfg.get("call_count", 0),
                            cfg["cyclomatic_complexity"],
                            cfg.get("loop_count", 0),
                            cfg.get("max_depth", 0),
                            cfg.get("max_fan_out", 0),
                            cfg.get("md_index_topdown", 0),
                            cfg.get("md_index_bottomup", 0),
                            cfg.get("prime_product_llil", 0),
                            cfg.get("cfg_feature_tlsh"),
                            cfg.get("wl_minhash", []),
                            cfg.get("bb_features", []),
                            cfg.get("cfg_adjacency", []),
                            now,
                        ]
                        for cfg in self.analysis_results.get("cfg", [])
                        if cfg is not None
                    ],
                    "column_names": [
                        "disassembled_function_hash",
                        "cfg_topology_hash",
                        "block_count",
                        "edge_count",
                        "llil_total_operations",
                        "call_count",
                        "cyclomatic_complexity",
                        "loop_count",
                        "max_depth",
                        "max_fan_out",
                        "md_index_topdown",
                        "md_index_bottomup",
                        "prime_product_llil",
                        "cfg_feature_tlsh",
                        "wl_minhash",
                        "bb_features",
                        "cfg_adjacency",
                        "analysis_date",
                    ],
                    "column_type_names": [
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "FixedString(16)",
                        "UInt16",
                        "UInt16",
                        "UInt32",
                        "UInt16",
                        "UInt16",
                        "UInt8",
                        "UInt16",
                        "UInt8",
                        "UInt64",
                        "UInt64",
                        "UInt64",
                        "Nullable(FixedString(72))",
                        "Array(UInt8)",
                        "Array(Array(UInt16))",
                        "Array(UInt32)",
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                }

            # GoReSym metadata table (only if goresym data exists)
            if self.goresym_data:
                export["golang_metadata"] = {
                    "table": "redb_golang_metadata",
                    "data": [
                        [
                            self.analysis_results["sha256"],
                            json.dumps(self.goresym_data),
                            now,
                        ]
                    ],
                    "column_names": [
                        "sha256",
                        "goresym",
                        "analysis_date",
                    ],
                    "column_type_names": [
                        "FixedString(64)",
                        "JSON",
                        "DateTime64(3, 'UTC')",
                    ],
                }

            return export

    def tag(self) -> str:
        """Return the tag for this extractor."""
        return Tag.DECOMPILED.value

    def get_clickhouse_table(self) -> str:
        """Not used directly as we're handling multiple tables."""
        pass


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Setup basic logging
    import logging
    import time

    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
    logger = logging.getLogger("DecompileBinja")

    # Parse command line arguments
    import argparse

    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Binary Ninja Decompiler Wrapper")
    parser.add_argument("filepath", help="Path to the binary file to analyze")
    parser.add_argument(
        "--output", "-o", help="Output JSON file path (default: stdout)"
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--timeout",
        "-t",
        type=int,
        default=1200,
        help="Analysis timeout in seconds (default: 1200)",
    )
    args = parser.parse_args()
    start = time.perf_counter()
    # Create and run the extractor
    with DecompileBinja(args.filepath, logger) as extractor:
        success = extractor.extract()
        end = time.perf_counter()
        if not success:
            logger.error("Analysis failed")
            exit(1)

        # Output results
        if args.output:
            with open(args.output, "w") as f:
                json.dump(extractor.analysis_results, f)
            logger.info(f"Results written to {args.output}")
        else:
            print((extractor.analysis_results))
            with open("diff", "w") as f:
                f.write(str(f"{end - start:.3f} seconds"))