En-Shiun Annie Lee

72 papers A* 1A 1B 1Journal 35Unranked 34

Year	Rank	Type	Title / Venue / Authors
2026	—	`conf`	MERLIN: Multi-Stage Curriculum Alignment for Multilingual Encoder-LLM Integration in Cross-Lingual Reasoning. EACL (Volume 1: Long Papers) Kosei Uemura, David Guzmán, Quang Phuoc Nguyen, Jesujoba Oluwadara Alabi, En-Shiun Annie Lee, David Ifeoluwa Adelani
2026	—	`conf`	Modality Matching Matters: Calibrating Language Distances for Cross-Lingual Transfer in URIEL+. EACL (Student Research Workshop) York Hay Ng, Aditya Armaan Khan, Xiang Lu, Matteo Salloum, Michael Zhou, Phuong Hanh Hoang, A. Seza Dogruöz, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2026	J	`jnl`	OasisSimp: An Open-source Asian-English Sentence Simplification Dataset. CoRR Hannah Liu, Muxin Tian, Iqra Ali, Haonan Gao, Qiaoyiwen Wu, Blair Yang, Uthayasanker Thayasivam, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Pakawat Nakwijit, Surangika Ranathunga, Ravi Shekhar
2025	—	`conf`	ATAIGI: An AI-Powered Multimodal Learning App Leveraging Generative Models for Low-Resource Taiwanese Hokkien. NAACL (System Demonstrations) Yun-Hsin Chu, Shuai Zhu, Shou-Yi Hung, Bo-Ting Lin, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Richard Tzong-Han Tsai
2025	—	`conf`	AlignFreeze: Navigating the Impact of Realignment on the Layers of Multilingual Models Across Diverse Languages. NAACL (Short Papers) Steve Bakos, David Guzmán, Riddhi More, Kelly Chutong Li, Félix Gaschi, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	J	`jnl`	AlignFreeze: Navigating the Impact of Realignment on the Layers of Multilingual Models Across Diverse Languages. CoRR Steve Bakos, Félix Gaschi, David Guzmán, Riddhi More, Kelly Chutong Li, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	J	`jnl`	Beyond Vanilla Fine-Tuning: Leveraging Multistage, Multilingual, and Domain-Specific Methods for Low-Resource Machine Translation. CoRR Sarubi Thillainathan, Songchen Yuan, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Sanath Jayasena, Surangika Ranathunga
2025	J	`jnl`	CantoNLU: A benchmark for Cantonese natural language understanding. CoRR Junghyun Min, York Hay Ng, Sophia Chan, Helena Shunhua Zhao, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	—	`conf`	Crafting for Career Agility: An Outcome-Based Redesign of a Machine Learning Curriculum within a Program Bundle. SIGCSE (2) En-Shiun Annie Lee, Sean Woodhead, Karthik Kuber, Hashmat Rohian, Stacey A. Koornneef
2025	—	`conf`	Creating a Joint-Faculty Artificial Intelligence Concentration within a Graduate Program. SIGCSE (2) En-Shiun Annie Lee, Arvind Gupta, Amane Takeuchi, Stacey A. Koornneef
2025	J	`jnl`	Datasheets Aren't Enough: DataRubrics for Automated Quality Metrics and Accountability. CoRR Genta Indra Winata, David Anugraha, Emmy Liu, Alham Fikri Aji, Shou-Yi Hung, Aditya Parashar, Patrick Amadeus Irawan, Ruochen Zhang, Zheng-Xin Yong, Jan Christian Blaise Cruz, Niklas Muennighoff, Seungone Kim, Hanyang Zhao, Sudipta Kar, Kezia Erina Suryoraharjo, Muhammad Farid Adilazuarda, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Ayu Purwarianti, Derry Tanti Wijaya, Monojit Choudhury
2025	—	`conf`	INJONGO: A Multicultural Intent Detection and Slot-filling Dataset for 16 African Languages. ACL (1) Hao Yu, Jesujoba Oluwadara Alabi, Andiswa Bukula, Jian Yun Zhuang, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Tadesse Kebede Guge, Israel Abebe Azime, Happy Buzaaba, Blessing Kudzaishe Sibanda, Godson Koffi Kalipe, Jonathan Mukiibi, Salomon Kabongo Kabenamualu, Mmasibidi Setaka, Lolwethu Ndolela, Nkiruka Odu, Rooweither Mabuya, Shamsuddeen Hassan Muhammad, Salomey Osei, Sokhar Samb, Dietrich Klakow, David Ifeoluwa Adelani
2025	J	`jnl`	INJONGO: A Multicultural Intent Detection and Slot-filling Dataset for 16 African Languages. CoRR Hao Yu, Jesujoba O. Alabi, Andiswa Bukula, Jian Yun Zhuang, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Tadesse Kebede Guge, Israel Abebe Azime, Happy Buzaaba, Blessing K. Sibanda, Godson Koffi Kalipe, Jonathan Mukiibi, Salomon Kabongo Kabenamualu, Mmasibidi Setaka, Lolwethu Ndolela, Nkiruka Odu, Rooweither Mabuya, Shamsuddeen Hassan Muhammad, Salomey Osei, Sokhar Samb, Juliet W. Murage, Dietrich Klakow, David Ifeoluwa Adelani
2025	—	`conf`	IrokoBench: A New Benchmark for African Languages in the Age of Large Language Models. NAACL (Long Papers) David Ifeoluwa Adelani, Jessica Ojo, Israel Abebe Azime, Jian Yun Zhuang, Jesujoba Oluwadara Alabi, Xuanli He, Millicent Ochieng, Sara Hooker, Andiswa Bukula, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Chiamaka Ijeoma Chukwuneke, Happy Buzaaba, Blessing K. Sibanda, Godson Koffi Kalipe, Jonathan Mukiibi, Salomon Kabongo Kabenamualu, Foutse Yuehgoh, Mmasibidi Setaka, Lolwethu Ndolela, Nkiruka Odu, Rooweither Mabuya, Salomey Osei, Shamsuddeen Hassan Muhammad, Sokhar Samb, Tadesse Kebede Guge, Tombekai Vangoni Sherman, Pontus Stenetorp
2025	—	`conf`	Learning Low-Resource Languages Through NLP-Driven Flashcards: A Case Study of Hokkien in Language Learning Applications. NAACL (System Demonstrations) Tai Zhang, Lucie Yang, Erin Chen, Karen Riani, Jessica Zipf, Mariana Shimabukuro, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	A*	`conf`	Less is More: The Effectiveness of Compact Typological Language Representations. EMNLP York Hay Ng, Phuong Hanh Hoang, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	J	`jnl`	Less is More: The Effectiveness of Compact Typological Language Representations. CoRR York Hay Ng, Phuong Hanh Hoang, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	J	`jnl`	M4-RAG: A Massive-Scale Multilingual Multi-Cultural Multimodal RAG. CoRR David Anugraha, Patrick Amadeus Irawan, Anshul Singh, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Genta Indra Winata
2025	J	`jnl`	MERLIN: Multi-Stage Curriculum Alignment for Multilingual Encoder and LLM Fusion. CoRR Kosei Uemura, David Guzmán, Quang Phuoc Nguyen, Jesujoba Oluwadara Alabi, En-Shiun Annie Lee, David Ifeoluwa Adelani
2025	J	`jnl`	Modality Matching Matters: Calibrating Language Distances for Cross-Lingual Transfer in URIEL+. CoRR York Hay Ng, Aditya Armaan Khan, Xiang Lu, Matteo Salloum, Michael Zhou, Phuong Hanh Hoang, A. Seza Dogruöz, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	—	`conf`	ProxyLM: Predicting Language Model Performance on Multilingual Tasks via Proxy Models. NAACL (Findings) David Anugraha, Genta Indra Winata, Chenyue Li, Patrick Amadeus Irawan, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	J	`jnl`	Rethinking what Matters: Effective and Robust Multilingual Realignment for Low-Resource Languages. CoRR Quang Phuoc Nguyen, David Anugraha, Félix Gaschi, Jun Bin Cheng, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	—	`conf`	Rethinking what matters: Effective and Robust Multilingual Realignment for Low-Resource Languages. IJCNLP-AACL (long papers) Quang Phuoc Nguyen, David Anugraha, Félix Gaschi, Jun Bin Cheng, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	J	`jnl`	Simple Additions, Substantial Gains: Expanding Scripts, Languages, and Lineage Coverage in URIEL+. CoRR Mason Shipton, York Hay Ng, Aditya Armaan Khan, Phuong Hanh Hoang, Xiang Lu, A. Seza Dogruöz, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	J	`jnl`	SiniticMTError: A Machine Translation Dataset with Error Annotations for Sinitic Languages. CoRR Hannah Liu, Junghyun Min, Ethan Yue Heng Cheung, Shou-Yi Hung, Syed Mekael Wasti, Runtong Liang, Shiyao Qian, Shizhao Zheng, Elsie Chan, Ka Ieng Charlotte Lo, Wing Yu Yip, Richard Tzong-Han Tsai, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	—	`conf`	TRANSLATIONCORRECT: A Unified Framework for Machine Translation Post-Editing with Predictive Error Assistance. ACL (3) Syed Mekael Wasti, Shou-Yi Hung, Christopher Collins, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	J	`jnl`	TranslationCorrect: A Unified Framework for Machine Translation Post-Editing with Predictive Error Assistance. CoRR Syed Mekael Wasti, Shou-Yi Hung, Christopher Collins, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	B	`conf`	URIEL+: Enhancing Linguistic Inclusion and Usability in a Typological and Multilingual Knowledge Base. COLING Aditya Armaan Khan, Mason Stephen Shipton, David Anugraha, Kaiyao Duan, Phuong Hanh Hoang, Eric Khiu, A. Seza Dogruöz, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2025	—	`conf`	WorldCuisines: A Massive-Scale Benchmark for Multilingual and Multicultural Visual Question Answering on Global Cuisines. NAACL (Long Papers) Genta Indra Winata, Frederikus Hudi, Patrick Amadeus Irawan, David Anugraha, Rifki Afina Putri, Yutong Wang, Adam Nohejl, Ubaidillah Ariq Prathama, Nedjma Ousidhoum, Afifa Amriani, Anar Rzayev, Anirban Das, Ashmari Pramodya, Aulia Adila, Bryan Wilie, Candy Olivia Mawalim, Cheng Ching Lam, Daud Abolade, Emmanuele Chersoni, Enrico Santus, Fariz Ikhwantri, Garry Kuwanto, Hanyang Zhao, Haryo Akbarianto Wibowo, Holy Lovenia, Jan Christian Blaise Cruz, Jan Wira Gotama Putra, Junho Myung, Lucky Susanto, Maria Angelica Riera Machin, Marina Zhukova, Michael Anugraha, Muhammad Farid Adilazuarda, Natasha Christabelle Santosa, Peerat Limkonchotiwat, Raj Dabre, Rio Alexander Audino, Samuel Cahyawijaya, Shi-Xiong Zhang, Stephanie Yulia Salim, Yi Zhou, Yinxuan Gui, David Ifeoluwa Adelani, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Shogo Okada, Ayu Purwarianti, Alham Fikri Aji, Taro Watanabe, Derry Tanti Wijaya, Alice Oh, Chong-Wah Ngo
2025	J	`jnl`	mR3: Multilingual Rubric-Agnostic Reward Reasoning Models. CoRR David Anugraha, Shou-Yi Hung, Zilu Tang, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Derry Tanti Wijaya, Genta Indra Winata
2024	—	`conf`	A Faculty Initiative Addressing Gender Disparity at a Small STEM-Focused University: A Case Study. SIGCSE Virtual (1) Amane Takeuchi, Aditya Armaan Khan, Phuong Hanh Hoang, Jian Yun Zhuang, Mariana Shimabukuro, Randy J. Fortier, Michael Miljanovic, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2024	J	`jnl`	A Reproducibility Study on Quantifying Language Similarity: The Impact of Missing Values in the URIEL Knowledge Base. CoRR Hasti Toossi, Guo Qing Huai, Jinyu Liu, Eric Khiu, A. Seza Dogruöz, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2024	J	`jnl`	Enhancing Hokkien Dual Translation by Exploring and Standardizing of Four Writing Systems. CoRR Bo-Han Lu, Yi-Hsuan Lin, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Richard Tzong-Han Tsai
2024	—	`conf`	Enhancing Taiwanese Hokkien Dual Translation by Exploring and Standardizing of Four Writing Systems. LREC/COLING Bo-Han Lu, Yi-Hsuan Lin, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Richard Tzong-Han Tsai
2024	J	`jnl`	Exploiting Domain-Specific Parallel Data on Multilingual Language Models for Low-resource Language Translation. CoRR Surangika Ranathunga, Shravan Nayak, Shih-Ting Cindy Huang, Yanke Mao, Tong Su, Yun-Hsiang Ray Chan, Songchen Yuan, Anthony Rinaldi, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2024	—	`conf`	Exploring Student Motivation in Integration of Soft Skills Training within Three Levels of Computer Science Programs. SIGCSE (1) En-Shiun Annie Lee, Luki Danukarjanto, Sadia Sharmin, Shou-Yi Hung, Sicong Huang, Tong Su
2024	J	`jnl`	IrokoBench: A New Benchmark for African Languages in the Age of Large Language Models. CoRR David Ifeoluwa Adelani, Jessica Ojo, Israel Abebe Azime, Jian Yun Zhuang, Jesujoba O. Alabi, Xuanli He, Millicent Ochieng, Sara Hooker, Andiswa Bukula, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Chiamaka Chukwuneke, Happy Buzaaba, Blessing K. Sibanda, Godson Kalipe, Jonathan Mukiibi, Salomon Kabongo, Foutse Yuehgoh, Mmasibidi Setaka, Lolwethu Ndolela, Nkiruka Odu, Rooweither Mabuya, Shamsuddeen Hassan Muhammad, Salomey Osei, Sokhar Samb, Tadesse Kebede Guge, Pontus Stenetorp
2024	—	`conf`	Predicting Machine Translation Performance on Low-Resource Languages: The Role of Domain Similarity. EACL (Findings) Eric Khiu, Hasti Toossi, Jinyu Liu, Jiaxu Li, David Anugraha, Juan Armando Parra Flores, Leandro Acros Roman, A. Seza Dogruöz, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2024	J	`jnl`	Predicting Machine Translation Performance on Low-Resource Languages: The Role of Domain Similarity. CoRR Eric Khiu, Hasti Toossi, David Anugraha, Jinyu Liu, Jiaxu Li, Juan Armando Parra Flores, Leandro Acros Roman, A. Seza Dogruöz, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2024	J	`jnl`	ProxyLM: Predicting Language Model Performance on Multilingual Tasks via Proxy Models. CoRR David Anugraha, Genta Indra Winata, Chenyue Li, Patrick Amadeus Irawan, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2024	—	`conf`	SIB-200: A Simple, Inclusive, and Big Evaluation Dataset for Topic Classification in 200+ Languages and Dialects. EACL (1) David Ifeoluwa Adelani, Hannah Liu, Xiaoyu Shen, Nikita Vassilyev, Jesujoba O. Alabi, Yanke Mao, Haonan Gao, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2024	J	`jnl`	URIEL+: Enhancing Linguistic Inclusion and Usability in a Typological and Multilingual Knowledge Base. CoRR Aditya Armaan Khan, Mason Shipton, David Anugraha, Kaiyao Duan, Phuong Hanh Hoang, Eric Khiu, A. Seza Dogruöz, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2024	—	`conf`	Unlocking Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning for Low-Resource Language Translation. NAACL-HLT (Findings) Tong Su, Xin Peng, Sarubi Thillainathan, David Guzmán, Surangika Ranathunga, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2024	J	`jnl`	Unlocking Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning for Low-Resource Language Translation. CoRR Tong Su, Xin Peng, Sarubi Thillainathan, David Guzmán, Surangika Ranathunga, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2024	J	`jnl`	WorldCuisines: A Massive-Scale Benchmark for Multilingual and Multicultural Visual Question Answering on Global Cuisines. CoRR Genta Indra Winata, Frederikus Hudi, Patrick Amadeus Irawan, David Anugraha, Rifki Afina Putri, Yutong Wang, Adam Nohejl, Ubaidillah Ariq Prathama, Nedjma Ousidhoum, Afifa Amriani, Anar Rzayev, Anirban Das, Ashmari Pramodya, Aulia Adila, Bryan Wilie, Candy Olivia Mawalim, Ching Lam Cheng, Daud Abolade, Emmanuele Chersoni, Enrico Santus, Fariz Ikhwantri, Garry Kuwanto, Hanyang Zhao, Haryo Akbarianto Wibowo, Holy Lovenia, Jan Christian Blaise Cruz, Jan Wira Gotama Putra, Junho Myung, Lucky Susanto, Maria Angelica Riera Machin, Marina Zhukova, Michael Anugraha, Muhammad Farid Adilazuarda, Natasha Santosa, Peerat Limkonchotiwat, Raj Dabre, Rio Alexander Audino, Samuel Cahyawijaya, Shi-Xiong Zhang, Stephanie Yulia Salim, Yi Zhou, Yinxuan Gui, David Ifeoluwa Adelani, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Shogo Okada, Ayu Purwarianti, Alham Fikri Aji, Taro Watanabe, Derry Tanti Wijaya, Alice Oh, Chong-Wah Ngo
2023	—	`conf`	Interpretable Disease Prediction from Clinical Text by Leveraging Pattern Disentanglement. BHI Malikeh Ehghaghi, Pei-Yuan Zhou, Wendy Yusi Cheng, Sahar Rajabi, Chih-Hao Kuo, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2023	J	`jnl`	Leveraging Auxiliary Domain Parallel Data in Intermediate Task Fine-tuning for Low-resource Translation. CoRR Shravan Nayak, Surangika Ranathunga, Sarubi Thillainathan, Rikki Hung, Anthony Rinaldi, Yining Wang, Jonah Mackey, Andrew Ho, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2023	J	`jnl`	Neural Machine Translation for Low-resource Languages: A Survey. ACM Comput. Surv. Surangika Ranathunga, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Marjana Prifti Skenduli, Ravi Shekhar, Mehreen Alam, Rishemjit Kaur
2023	J	`jnl`	SIB-200: A Simple, Inclusive, and Big Evaluation Dataset for Topic Classification in 200+ Languages and Dialects. CoRR David Ifeoluwa Adelani, Hannah Liu, Xiaoyu Shen, Nikita Vassilyev, Jesujoba O. Alabi, Yanke Mao, Haonan Gao, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2022	—	`conf`	Pre-Trained Multilingual Sequence-to-Sequence Models: A Hope for Low-Resource Language Translation? ACL (Findings) En-Shiun Annie Lee, Sarubi Thillainathan, Shravan Nayak, Surangika Ranathunga, David Ifeoluwa Adelani, Ruisi Su, Arya McCarthy
2022	J	`jnl`	Pre-Trained Multilingual Sequence-to-Sequence Models: A Hope for Low-Resource Language Translation? CoRR En-Shiun Annie Lee, Sarubi Thillainathan, Shravan Nayak, Surangika Ranathunga, David Ifeoluwa Adelani, Ruisi Su, Arya D. McCarthy
2021	J	`jnl`	Neural Machine Translation for Low-Resource Languages: A Survey. CoRR Surangika Ranathunga, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Marjana Prifti Skenduli, Ravi Shekhar, Mehreen Alam, Rishemjit Kaur
2021	A	`conf`	Pillars of Program Design and Delivery: A Case Study using Self-Directed, Problem-Based, and Supportive Learning. SIGCSE En-Shiun Annie Lee, Karthik Kuber, Hashmat Rohian, Sean Woodhead
2019	J	`jnl`	Unsupervised Transfer Learning via BERT Neuron Selection. CoRR Mehrdad Valipour, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Jaime R. Jamacaro, Carolina Bessega
2017	J	`jnl`	Discovering Protein-DNA Binding Cores by Aligned Pattern Clustering. IEEE ACM Trans. Comput. Biol. Bioinform. En-Shiun Annie Lee, Ho-Yin Antonio Sze-To, Man Hon Wong, Kwong-Sak Leung, Terrence Chi-Kong Lau, Andrew K. C. Wong
2016	J	`jnl`	Partitioning and correlating subgroup characteristics from Aligned Pattern Clusters. Bioinform. En-Shiun Annie Lee, Fiona J. Whelan, Dawn M. E. Bowdish, Andrew K. C. Wong
2015	—	`conf`	Predicting Protein-protein interaction using co-occurring Aligned Pattern Clusters. BIBM Antonio Sze-To, Sanderz Fung, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Andrew K. C. Wong
2014	J	`jnl`	Aligning and Clustering Patterns to Reveal the Protein Functionality of Sequences. IEEE ACM Trans. Comput. Biol. Bioinform. Andrew K. C. Wong, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2014	J	`jnl`	Discovering co-occurring patterns and their biological significance in protein families. BMC Bioinform. En-Shiun Annie Lee, Sanderz Fung, Ho-Yin Sze-To, Andrew K. C. Wong
2014	—	`conf`	Discovering protein-DNA binding cores by aligned pattern clustering. BIBM En-Shiun Annie Lee, Kwong-Sak Leung, Ho-Yin Sze-To, Terrence Chi-Kong Lau, Man Hon Wong, Andrew K. C. Wong
2013	—	`conf`	Characterizing Amino Acid Variations of Scavenger Receptors by Class Information Gain. BCB En-Shiun Annie Lee, Fiona J. Whelan, Dawn M. E. Bowdish, Andrew K. C. Wong
2013	—	`conf`	Classifying Proteins by Amino Acid Variations of Sequence Patterns. BCB En-Shiun Annie Lee
2013	—	`conf`	Classifying Proteins by Amino Acid Variations of Sequential Patterns. BCB En-Shiun Annie Lee, Andrew K. C. Wong
2013	—	`conf`	Confirming biological significance of co-occurrence clusters of aligned pattern clusters. BIBM En-Shiun Annie Lee, Sanderz Fung, Ho-Yin Sze-To, Andrew K. C. Wong
2013	—	`conf`	Regrouping of pattern clusters to reveal characteristics of distinct classes and related classes. BIBM Pei-Yuan Zhou, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Andrew K. C. Wong
2013	—	`conf`	Revealing Protein Structures by Co-Occurrence Clustering of Aligned Pattern Clusters. BCB Sanderz Fung, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Andrew K. C. Wong
2012	—	`conf`	Aligning Discovered Patterns from Protein Family Sequences. PRIB En-Shiun Annie Lee, Dennis Zhuang, Andrew K. C. Wong
2012	J	`jnl`	Discovery of Delta Closed Patterns and Noninduced Patterns from Sequences. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. Andrew K. C. Wong, Dennis Zhuang, Gary C. L. Li, En-Shiun Annie Lee
2012	—	`conf`	Identifying protein binding functionality of protein family sequences by Aligned Pattern clusters. BIBM En-Shiun Annie Lee, Andrew K. C. Wong
2012	—	`conf`	Identifying protein binding functionality of protein family sequences by aligned pattern clusters. BIBM Workshops En-Shiun Annie Lee, Andrew K. C. Wong
2011	—	`conf`	Synthesizing Aligned Random Pattern Digraphs from protein sequence patterns. BIBM Workshops En-Shiun Annie Lee, Andrew K. C. Wong
2010	—	`conf`	Discovery of Non-induced Patterns from Sequences. PRIB Andrew K. C. Wong, Dennis Zhuang, Gary C. L. Li, En-Shiun Annie Lee