Carmen Delgado

43 papers A* 2A 1B 2C 1Journal 30Unranked 7
YearRankTypeTitle / Venue / Authors
2026 J jnl
CoRR
Arnau Romero, Carmen Delgado, Jana Baguer, Raúl Suárez, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2026 J jnl
Comput. Commun.
Arnau Romero, Carmen Delgado, Jana Baguer, Raúl Suárez, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2025 J jnl
IEEE Trans. Netw. Serv. Manag.
Milan Groshev, Lanfranco Zanzi, Carmen Delgado, Xi Li, Antonio de la Oliva, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2025 J jnl
CoRR
Milan Groshev, Lanfranco Zanzi, Carmen Delgado, Xi Li, Antonio de la Oliva, Xavier Pérez Costa
2025 A* conf
ICRA
Fabio Maresca, Arnau Romero, Carmen Delgado, Vincenzo Sciancalepore, Josep Paradells, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2025 J jnl
CoRR
Fabio Maresca, Arnau Romero, Carmen Delgado, Vincenzo Sciancalepore, Josep Paradells, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2025 J jnl
IEEE Trans. Mol. Biol. Multi Scale Commun.
Arnau Brosa López, Filip Lemic, Gerard Calvo Bartra, Aina Pérez Rodas, Jakob Struye, Jorge Torres Gómez, Esteban Municio, Carmen Delgado, Falko Dressler, Eduard Alarcón, Jeroen Famaey, Sergi Abadal, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Carmen Delgado, Sérgio Batista, María Canales, José Ramón Gállego, Jorge Ortín, Matteo Cesana
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Carmen Delgado, José María Sanz, Chris Blondia, Jeroen Famaey
2024 A* conf
ICRA
Arnau Romero, Carmen Delgado, Lanfranco Zanzi, Raúl Suárez, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Arnau Romero, Carmen Delgado, Lanfranco Zanzi, Raúl Suárez, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Carmen Delgado, María Canales, Jorge Ortín, José Ramón Gállego, Alessandro Redondi, Sonda Bousnina, Matteo Cesana
2024 J jnl
IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun.
Gerard Calvo Bartra, Filip Lemic, Guillem Pascual, Aina Pérez Rodas, Jakob Struye, Carmen Delgado, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Carmen Delgado, María Canales, Jorge Ortín, José Ramón Gállego, Alessandro Redondi, Sonda Bousnina, Matteo Cesana
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Carmen Delgado, José Ramón Gállego, María Canales, Jorge Ortín, Sonda Bousnina, Matteo Cesana
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Carmen Delgado, Jose Maria Sanz, Jeroen Famaey
2024 J jnl
CoRR
Carmen Delgado, Jeroen Famaey
2023 J jnl
CoRR
Guillem Pascual, Filip Lemic, Carmen Delgado, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2023 J jnl
IEEE Trans. Netw. Serv. Manag.
Arnau Romero, Carmen Delgado, Lanfranco Zanzi, Xi Li, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2023 J jnl
CoRR
Arnau Brosa López, Filip Lemic, Jakob Struye, Jorge Torres Gómez, Esteban Municio, Carmen Delgado, Gerard Calvo Bartra, Falko Dressler, Eduard Alarcón, Jeroen Famaey, Sergi Abadal, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2022 J jnl
IEEE Internet Things J.
Adnan Sabovic, Ashish Kumar Sultania, Carmen Delgado, Lander De Roeck, Jeroen Famaey
2022 J jnl
Sensors
Ashish Kumar Sultania, Carmen Delgado, Chris Blondia, Jeroen Famaey
2022 J jnl
CoRR
Martina Capuzzo, Carmen Delgado, Jeroen Famaey, Andrea Zanella
2022 C conf
WoWMoM
Carmen Delgado, Lanfranco Zanzi, Xi Li, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2022 J jnl
CoRR
Carmen Delgado, Lanfranco Zanzi, Xi Li, Xavier Costa-Pérez
2022 J jnl
IEEE Trans. Emerg. Top. Comput.
Carmen Delgado, Jeroen Famaey
2021 J jnl
CoRR
Martina Capuzzo, Carmen Delgado, Jeroen Famaey, Andrea Zanella
2021 conf
WNS3
Martina Capuzzo, Carmen Delgado, Jeroen Famaey, Andrea Zanella
2021 J jnl
IEEE Internet Things J.
Carmen Delgado, Jose Maria Sanz, Chris Blondia, Jeroen Famaey
2021 A conf
MSWiM
Martina Capuzzo, Carmen Delgado, Ashish Kumar Sultania, Jeroen Famaey, Andrea Zanella
2021 J jnl
Sensors
Glenn Daneels, Dries Van Leemput, Carmen Delgado, Eli De Poorter, Steven Latré, Jeroen Famaey
2021 J jnl
IEEE Internet Things J.
Glenn Daneels, Carmen Delgado, Robbe Elsas, Eli De Poorter, Steven Latré, Chris Blondia, Jeroen Famaey
2020 J jnl
Sensors
Ashish Kumar Sultania, Carmen Delgado, Jeroen Famaey
2020 conf
ICC
Glenn Daneels, Carmen Delgado, Steven Latré, Jeroen Famaey
2019 conf
BWCCA
Adnan Sabovic, Carmen Delgado, Jan Bauwens, Eli De Poorter, Jeroen Famaey
2019 conf
WNGW@WNS3
Ashish Kumar Sultania, Carmen Delgado, Jeroen Famaey
2019 B conf
GLOBECOM
Carmen Delgado, Jose Maria Sanz, Jeroen Famaey
2018 conf
WMNC
Carmen Delgado, Sérgio Batista, María Canales, José Ramón Gállego, Jorge Ortín, Matteo Cesana
2018 J jnl
IEEE Internet Things J.
Carmen Delgado, María Canales, Jorge Ortín, José Ramón Gállego, Alessandro Redondi, Sonda Bousnina, Matteo Cesana
2017 conf
Wireless Days
Sonda Bousnina, Matteo Cesana, Jorge Ortín, Carmen Delgado, José Ramón Gállego, María Canales
2017 conf
CCNC
Carmen Delgado, María Canales, Jorge Ortín, José Ramón Gállego, Alessandro Redondi, Sonda Bousnina, Matteo Cesana
2016 J jnl
Ad Hoc Networks
Carmen Delgado, José Ramón Gállego, María Canales, Jorge Ortín, Sonda Bousnina, Matteo Cesana
2015 B conf
GLOBECOM
Carmen Delgado, José Ramón Gállego, María Canales, Jorge Ortín, Sonda Bousnina, Matteo Cesana
tests/unit/test_smali_normalization.py
← Index tests/unit/test_smali_normalization.py python
"""Unit tests for smali semantic normalization.

Tests the three normalization levels (category, opcode, opcode_api),
opcode categorization, ACFG feature index mapping, and integration
with MinHash computation.
"""
import pytest

pytestmark = [pytest.mark.unit, pytest.mark.apk, pytest.mark.decompile]


class TestCategorizeOpcode:
    """Tests for opcode -> semantic category mapping."""

    def test_arithmetic(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import categorize_opcode
        assert categorize_opcode("add-int") == "ALU"
        assert categorize_opcode("mul-long/2addr") == "ALU"
        assert categorize_opcode("neg-int") == "ALU"

    def test_data_movement(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import categorize_opcode
        assert categorize_opcode("move-result") == "MOV"
        assert categorize_opcode("const/4") == "CONST"
        assert categorize_opcode("const-string") == "CONST"

    def test_memory_access(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import categorize_opcode
        assert categorize_opcode("iget-object") == "LOAD"
        assert categorize_opcode("sput-wide") == "STORE"
        assert categorize_opcode("aget-byte") == "LOAD"

    def test_invocation(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import categorize_opcode
        assert categorize_opcode("invoke-virtual") == "CALL"
        assert categorize_opcode("invoke-static") == "CALL"
        assert categorize_opcode("invoke-direct") == "CALL"

    def test_control_flow(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import categorize_opcode
        assert categorize_opcode("if-eqz") == "BRANCH"
        assert categorize_opcode("goto") == "JMP"
        assert categorize_opcode("goto/16") == "JMP"
        assert categorize_opcode("return-void") == "RET"

    def test_comparison(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import categorize_opcode
        assert categorize_opcode("cmp-long") == "CMP"
        assert categorize_opcode("cmpl-float") == "CMP"
        assert categorize_opcode("cmpg-double") == "CMP"

    def test_conversion(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import categorize_opcode
        assert categorize_opcode("int-to-long") == "CONV"
        assert categorize_opcode("float-to-int") == "CONV"

    def test_object_type(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import categorize_opcode
        assert categorize_opcode("new-instance") == "ALLOC"
        assert categorize_opcode("check-cast") == "TYPE"
        assert categorize_opcode("instance-of") == "TYPE"

    def test_exception_sync(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import categorize_opcode
        assert categorize_opcode("throw") == "EXC"
        assert categorize_opcode("monitor-enter") == "SYNC"

    def test_unknown(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import categorize_opcode
        assert categorize_opcode("nop") == "OTHER"


class TestNormalizeInstruction:
    """Tests for single instruction normalization at various levels."""

    def test_category_level(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_instruction
        assert normalize_instruction("add-int v0, v1, v2", "category") == "ALU"
        assert normalize_instruction("invoke-virtual {p0}, Lcom/Foo;->bar()V", "category") == "CALL"
        assert normalize_instruction("return-void", "category") == "RET"

    def test_opcode_level_strips_width(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_instruction
        # Width variants collapse to same base
        assert normalize_instruction("add-int v0, v1, v2", "opcode") == "add"
        assert normalize_instruction("add-long v0, v2, v4", "opcode") == "add"
        assert normalize_instruction("add-float v0, v1, v2", "opcode") == "add"
        # Addressing modes collapse too
        assert normalize_instruction("add-int/2addr v0, v1", "opcode") == "add"

    def test_opcode_api_invoke(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_instruction
        result = normalize_instruction(
            "invoke-virtual {p0, v0}, Lcom/example/Foo;->bar(I)V"
        )
        assert result == "CALL Lcom/example/Foo;->bar(I)V"

    def test_opcode_api_invoke_no_ref(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_instruction
        # If somehow no method ref is found, fallback to CALL
        assert normalize_instruction("invoke-virtual {v0}") == "CALL"

    def test_opcode_api_field_load(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_instruction
        result = normalize_instruction(
            "iget-object v0, p0, Lcom/Foo;->mField:Ljava/lang/String;"
        )
        assert result == "LOAD Lcom/Foo;->mField:Ljava/lang/String;"

    def test_opcode_api_field_store(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_instruction
        result = normalize_instruction(
            "iput-object v0, p0, Lcom/Foo;->mField:Ljava/lang/String;"
        )
        assert result == "STORE Lcom/Foo;->mField:Ljava/lang/String;"

    def test_opcode_api_androguard_field_format(self):
        """androguard uses space instead of colon in field references."""
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_instruction
        result = normalize_instruction(
            "iget-object v0, p0, Lcom/Foo;->mField Ljava/lang/String;"
        )
        assert result.startswith("LOAD")
        assert "Lcom/Foo;->mField" in result

    def test_opcode_api_new_instance(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_instruction
        result = normalize_instruction(
            "new-instance v0, Lcom/example/MyClass;"
        )
        assert result == "ALLOC Lcom/example/MyClass;"

    def test_opcode_api_const_string(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_instruction
        result = normalize_instruction(
            'const-string v0, "hello world"'
        )
        assert result == 'CONST_STR "hello world"'

    def test_opcode_api_const_string_jumbo(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_instruction
        result = normalize_instruction(
            'const-string/jumbo v0, "large string"'
        )
        assert result == 'CONST_STR "large string"'

    def test_opcode_api_fallback_to_category(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_instruction
        # Non-special instructions fall back to category
        assert normalize_instruction("add-int v0, v1, v2") == "ALU"
        assert normalize_instruction("return-void") == "RET"
        assert normalize_instruction("nop") == "OTHER"

    def test_empty_input(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_instruction
        assert normalize_instruction("") == ""
        assert normalize_instruction("   ") == ""


class TestNormalizeMethodBody:
    """Tests for full method body normalization."""

    def test_filters_directives_labels_comments(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_method_body
        body = """\
.locals 2
# comment
:label_0
add-int v0, v1, v2
.line 42
invoke-virtual {p0}, Lcom/Foo;->bar()V
return-void
"""
        result = normalize_method_body(body, "category")
        assert result == ["ALU", "CALL", "RET"]

    def test_opcode_api_preserves_api_refs(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_method_body
        body = """\
const/4 v0, 0x0
invoke-virtual {p0, v0}, Lcom/Foo;->setX(I)V
iget-object v1, p0, Lcom/Foo;->name:Ljava/lang/String;
return-void
"""
        result = normalize_method_body(body, "opcode_api")
        assert result[0] == "CONST"
        assert result[1] == "CALL Lcom/Foo;->setX(I)V"
        assert result[2] == "LOAD Lcom/Foo;->name:Ljava/lang/String;"
        assert result[3] == "RET"

    def test_empty_body(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_normalization import normalize_method_body
        assert normalize_method_body("") == []
        assert normalize_method_body("\n\n") == []


class TestNormalizationWithMinHash:
    """Integration tests: normalization + MinHash computation."""

    def test_minhash_returns_signature(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.method_extractor import compute_minhash
        body = """\
const/4 v0, 0x0
invoke-virtual {p0, v0}, Lcom/Foo;->bar(I)V
iget-object v1, p0, Lcom/Foo;->name:Ljava/lang/String;
add-int v2, v0, v1
return-void
"""
        sig = compute_minhash(body)
        assert sig is not None
        assert len(sig) == 64
        assert all(0 <= v < 256 for v in sig)

    def test_minhash_register_invariance(self):
        """Same operations with different registers should produce identical signatures."""
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.method_extractor import compute_minhash
        body_a = """\
const/4 v0, 0x0
invoke-virtual {p0, v0}, Lcom/Foo;->bar(I)V
iget-object v1, p0, Lcom/Foo;->name:Ljava/lang/String;
add-int v2, v0, v1
return-void
"""
        body_b = """\
const/4 v3, 0x0
invoke-virtual {p1, v3}, Lcom/Foo;->bar(I)V
iget-object v4, p1, Lcom/Foo;->name:Ljava/lang/String;
add-int v5, v3, v4
return-void
"""
        sig_a = compute_minhash(body_a)
        sig_b = compute_minhash(body_b)
        assert sig_a == sig_b

    def test_minhash_width_invariance(self):
        """Width variants of same operations should produce identical signatures."""
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.method_extractor import compute_minhash
        body_int = """\
add-int v0, v1, v2
sub-int v3, v0, v1
mul-int v4, v0, v3
return v4
"""
        body_long = """\
add-long v0, v2, v4
sub-long v6, v0, v2
mul-long v8, v0, v6
return-wide v8
"""
        sig_int = compute_minhash(body_int)
        sig_long = compute_minhash(body_long)
        # Both normalize to ALU, ALU, ALU, RET -> identical
        assert sig_int == sig_long

    def test_minhash_different_apis_differ(self):
        """Methods calling different APIs should produce different signatures."""
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.method_extractor import compute_minhash
        body_a = """\
const/4 v0, 0x0
invoke-virtual {p0, v0}, Lcom/crypto/AES;->encrypt([B)[B
invoke-virtual {v0}, Ljava/io/OutputStream;->write([B)V
return-void
"""
        body_b = """\
const/4 v0, 0x0
invoke-virtual {p0, v0}, Ljava/lang/String;->length()I
invoke-virtual {v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(I)V
return-void
"""
        sig_a = compute_minhash(body_a)
        sig_b = compute_minhash(body_b)
        assert sig_a != sig_b

    def test_minhash_too_few_instructions(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.method_extractor import compute_minhash
        assert compute_minhash("return-void\nnop") is None


class TestACFGBlockFeatures:
    """Tests for per-block ACFG feature extraction via smali_cfg."""

    def test_simple_linear_method(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_cfg import compute_cfg_metrics
        body = """\
add-int v0, v1, v2
invoke-virtual {p0}, Lcom/Foo;->bar()V
return-void
"""
        metrics = compute_cfg_metrics(body)
        assert metrics.block_count >= 1
        assert len(metrics.block_features) == metrics.block_count
        # Each feature vector has 8 elements
        for feat in metrics.block_features:
            assert len(feat) == 8

    def test_branching_method_has_multiple_blocks(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_cfg import compute_cfg_metrics
        body = """\
const/4 v0, 0x0
if-eqz v0, :cond_0
invoke-virtual {p0}, Lcom/Foo;->a()V
goto :goto_0
:cond_0
invoke-virtual {p0}, Lcom/Foo;->b()V
:goto_0
return-void
"""
        metrics = compute_cfg_metrics(body)
        assert metrics.block_count >= 3
        assert len(metrics.block_features) == metrics.block_count

    def test_feature_vector_arithmetic_count(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_cfg import compute_cfg_metrics
        body = """\
add-int v0, v1, v2
sub-int v3, v0, v1
mul-int v4, v0, v3
return v4
"""
        metrics = compute_cfg_metrics(body)
        assert len(metrics.block_features) == 1
        feat = metrics.block_features[0]
        # feat[0] = instr_count (4), feat[1] = arithmetic (3)
        assert feat[0] == 4
        assert feat[1] >= 3  # 3 ALU ops

    def test_feature_vector_call_count(self):
        from redb.extractors.decompiler.apk.smali_cfg import compute_cfg_metrics
        body = """\
invoke-virtual {p0}, Lcom/A;->a()V
invoke-static {v0}, Lcom/B;->b()V
return-void
"""
        metrics = compute_cfg_metrics(body)
        feat = metrics.block_features[0]
        # feat[4] = call count
        assert feat[4] == 2