Beatrice Alex - RankMe

89 papers A* 2A 1B 7Misc 1Journal 46Unranked 26

Year	Rank	Type	Title / Venue / Authors
2026	J	`jnl`	Detecting Adverse Drug Events in Social Media: A Brief Literature Review. SN Comput. Sci. Imane Guellil, Yousra Berrachedi, Nidhal Eddine Chenni, Massi-Nissa Abboud, Jinge Wu, Honghan Wu, Beatrice Alex
2026	J	`jnl`	GS-BrainText: A Multi-Site Brain Imaging Report Dataset from Generation Scotland for Clinical Natural Language Processing Development and Validation. CoRR Beatrice Alex, Claire Grover, Arlene Casey, Richard Tobin, Heather Whalley, William Whiteley
2025	—	`conf`	Adverse Event Extraction from Discharge Summaries: A New Dataset, Annotation Scheme, and Initial Findings. ACL (1) Imane Guellil, Salomé Andres, Atul Anand, Bruce Guthrie, Huayu Zhang, Abul Hasan, Honghan Wu, Beatrice Alex
2025	J	`jnl`	Adverse Event Extraction from Discharge Summaries: A New Dataset, Annotation Scheme, and Initial Findings. CoRR Imane Guellil, Salomé Andres, Atul Anand, Bruce Guthrie, Huayu Zhang, Abul Kalam Hasan, Honghan Wu, Beatrice Alex
2025	J	`jnl`	Automated neuroradiological support systems for multiple cerebrovascular disease markers - A systematic review and meta-analysis. Comput. Methods Programs Biomed. Jesse Phitidis, Alison Q. O'Neil, William Whiteley, Beatrice Alex, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Miguel O. Bernabeu, Maria del C. Valdés Hernández
2025	—	`conf`	DeCoRe: Decoding by Contrasting Retrieval Heads to Mitigate Hallucinations. EMNLP (Findings) Aryo Pradipta Gema, Chen Jin, Ahmed Abdulaal, Tom Diethe, Philip Alexander Teare, Beatrice Alex, Pasquale Minervini, Amrutha Saseendran
2025	J	`jnl`	Infusing clinical knowledge into language models by subword optimisation and embedding initialisation. Comput. Biol. Medicine Abul Hasan, Jinge Wu, Quang Ngoc Nguyen, Salomé Andres, Imane Guellil, Huayu Zhang, Arlene Casey, Beatrice Alex, Bruce Guthrie, Honghan Wu
2025	J	`jnl`	Inverse Scaling in Test-Time Compute. CoRR Aryo Pradipta Gema, Alexander Hägele, Runjin Chen, Andy Arditi, Jacob Goldman-Wetzler, Kit Fraser-Taliente, Henry Sleight, Linda Petrini, Julian Michael, Beatrice Alex, Pasquale Minervini, Yanda Chen, Joe Benton, Ethan Perez
2025	J	`jnl`	Inverse Scaling in Test-Time Compute. Trans. Mach. Learn. Res. Aryo Pradipta Gema, Alexander Hägele, Runjin Chen, Andy Arditi, Jacob Goldman-Wetzler, Kit Fraser-Taliente, Henry Sleight, Linda Petrini, Julian Michael, Beatrice Alex, Pasquale Minervini, Yanda Chen, Joe Benton, Ethan Perez
2025	A*	`conf`	Investigating the Capabilities and Limitations of Machine Learning for Identifying Bias in English Language Data with Information and Heritage Professionals. CHI Lucy Havens, Benjamin Bach, Melissa Terras, Beatrice Alex
2025	J	`jnl`	Investigating the Capabilities and Limitations of Machine Learning for Identifying Bias in English Language Data with Information and Heritage Professionals. CoRR Lucy Havens, Benjamin Bach, Melissa Terras, Beatrice Alex
2025	J	`jnl`	Perceptions of Edinburgh: Capturing neighbourhood characteristics by clustering geoparsed local news. Inf. Process. Manag. Andreas Grivas, Claire Grover, Richard Tobin, Clare Llewellyn, Eleojo Oluwaseun Abubakar, Chunyu Zheng, Chris Dibben, Alan Marshall, David J. Pearce, Beatrice Alex
2025	—	`conf`	Synthesising a Corpus of Gaelic Traditional Narrative with Cross-Lingual Text Expansion. COLING Workshops William Lamb, Dongge Han, Ondrej Klejch, Beatrice Alex, Peter Bell
2024	J	`jnl`	A Comparative Study on Patient Language across Therapeutic Domains for Effective Patient Voice Classification in Online Health Discussions. CoRR Giorgos Lysandrou, Roma English Owen, Vanja Popovic, Grant Le Brun, Aryo Pradipta Gema, Beatrice Alex, Elizabeth A. L. Fairley
2024	J	`jnl`	Automated neuroradiological support systems for multiple cerebrovascular disease markers - A systematic review and meta-analysis. CoRR Jesse Phitidis, Alison Q. O'Neil, William Whiteley, Beatrice Alex, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Miguel O. Bernabeu, Maria del C. Valdés Hernández
2024	J	`jnl`	Can GPT-3.5 Generate and Code Discharge Summaries? CoRR Matús Falis, Aryo Pradipta Gema, Hang Dong, Luke Daines, Siddharth Basetti, Michael Holder, Rose S. Penfold, Alexandra Birch, Beatrice Alex
2024	J	`jnl`	Can GPT-3.5 generate and code discharge summaries? J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc. Matús Falis, Aryo Pradipta Gema, Hang Dong, Luke Daines, Siddharth Basetti, Michael Holder, Rose S. Penfold, Alexandra Birch, Beatrice Alex
2024	J	`jnl`	DeCoRe: Decoding by Contrasting Retrieval Heads to Mitigate Hallucinations. CoRR Aryo Pradipta Gema, Chen Jin, Ahmed Abdulaal, Tom Diethe, Philip Teare, Beatrice Alex, Pasquale Minervini, Amrutha Saseendran
2024	—	`conf`	Edinburgh Clinical NLP at MEDIQA-CORR 2024: Guiding Large Language Models with Hints. ClinicalNLP@NAACL Aryo Gema, Chaeeun Lee, Pasquale Minervini, Luke Daines, T. Ian Simpson, Beatrice Alex
2024	J	`jnl`	Edinburgh Clinical NLP at MEDIQA-CORR 2024: Guiding Large Language Models with Hints. CoRR Aryo Pradipta Gema, Chaeeun Lee, Pasquale Minervini, Luke Daines, T. Ian Simpson, Beatrice Alex
2024	—	`conf`	Edinburgh Clinical NLP at SemEval-2024 Task 2: Fine-tune your model unless you have access to GPT-4. SemEval@NAACL Aryo Gema, Giwon Hong, Pasquale Minervini, Luke Daines, Beatrice Alex
2024	J	`jnl`	Edinburgh Clinical NLP at SemEval-2024 Task 2: Fine-tune your model unless you have access to GPT-4. CoRR Aryo Pradipta Gema, Giwon Hong, Pasquale Minervini, Luke Daines, Beatrice Alex
2024	—	`conf`	Enhancing Natural Language Processing Capabilities in Geriatric Patient Care: An Annotation Scheme and Guidelines. NLDB (2) Imane Guellil, Salomé Andres, Bruce Guthrie, Atul Anand, Huayu Zhang, Abul Kalam Hasan, Honghan Wu, Beatrice Alex
2024	J	`jnl`	Evaluating and Adapting Large Language Models to Represent Folktales in Low-Resource Languages. CoRR J. A. Meaney, Beatrice Alex, William Lamb
2024	J	`jnl`	Infusing clinical knowledge into tokenisers for language models. CoRR Abul Hasan, Jinge Wu, Quang Ngoc Nguyen, Salomé Andres, Imane Guellil, Huayu Zhang, Arlene Casey, Beatrice Alex, Bruce Guthrie, Honghan Wu
2024	—	`conf`	Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning of LLaMA for the Clinical Domain. ClinicalNLP@NAACL Aryo Gema, Pasquale Minervini, Luke Daines, Tom Hope, Beatrice Alex
2024	J	`jnl`	Perceptions of Edinburgh: Capturing Neighbourhood Characteristics by Clustering Geoparsed Local News. CoRR Andreas Grivas, Claire Grover, Richard Tobin, Clare Llewellyn, Eleojo Oluwaseun Abubakar, Chunyu Zheng, Chris Dibben, Alan Marshall, David J. Pearce, Beatrice Alex
2023	J	`jnl`	Classifying patient voice in social media data using neural networks: A comparison of AI models on different data sources and therapeutic domains. CoRR Giorgos Lysandrou, Roma English Owen, Vanja Popovic, Grant Le Brun, Beatrice Alex, Elizabeth A. L. Fairley
2023	—	`conf`	Collaboration Across the Archival and Computational Sciences to Address Legacies of Gender Bias in Descriptive Metadata. DH Lucy Havens, Rachel Hosker, Beatrice Alex, Benjamin Bach, Melissa Terras
2023	J	`jnl`	FLAP: a framework for linking free-text addresses to the Ordnance Survey Unique Property Reference Number database. Frontiers Digit. Health Huayu Zhang, Arlene Casey, Imane Guellil, Víctor Suárez-Paniagua, Clare Macrae, Charis Marwick, Honghan Wu, Bruce Guthrie, Beatrice Alex
2023	J	`jnl`	Ontology-driven and weakly supervised rare disease identification from clinical notes. BMC Medical Informatics Decis. Mak. Hang Dong, Víctor Suárez-Paniagua, Huayu Zhang, Minhong Wang, Arlene Casey, Emma M. Davidson, Jiaoyan Chen, Beatrice Alex, William Whiteley, Honghan Wu
2023	J	`jnl`	Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning of LLaMA for the Clinical Domain. CoRR Aryo Pradipta Gema, Luke Daines, Pasquale Minervini, Beatrice Alex
2023	—	`conf`	Segmentation of White Matter Hyperintensities and Ischaemic Stroke Lesions in Structural MRI. MIUA Jesse Phitidis, Alison Q. O'Neil, Stewart Wiseman, David Alexander Dickie, Eleni Sakka, Agniete Kampaite, William Whiteley, Miguel O. Bernabeu, Beatrice Alex, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Maria del C. Valdés Hernández
2023	J	`jnl`	Understanding the performance and reliability of NLP tools: a comparison of four NLP tools predicting stroke phenotypes in radiology reports. Frontiers Digit. Health Arlene Casey, Emma M. Davidson, Claire Grover, Richard Tobin, Andreas Grivas, Huayu Zhang, Patrick Schrempf, Alison Q. O'Neil, Liam Lee, Michael Walsh, Freya Pellie, Karen Ferguson, Vera Cvoro, Honghan Wu, Heather Whalley, Grant Mair, William Whiteley, Beatrice Alex
2022	J	`jnl`	A survey on clinical natural language processing in the United Kingdom from 2007 to 2022. npj Digit. Medicine Honghan Wu, Minhong Wang, Jinge Wu, Farah Francis, Yun-Hsuan Chang, Alex Shavick, Hang Dong, Michael Tin Chung Poon, Natalie K. Fitzpatrick, Adam P. Levine, Luke T. Slater, Alex Handy, Andreas Karwath, Georgios V. Gkoutos, Claude Chelala, Anoop D. Shah, Robert Stewart, Nigel Collier, Beatrice Alex, William Whiteley, Cathie Sudlow, Angus Roberts, Richard J. B. Dobson
2022	J	`jnl`	Automated Clinical Coding: What, Why, and Where We Are? CoRR Hang Dong, Matús Falis, William Whiteley, Beatrice Alex, Shaoxiong Ji, Jiaoyan Chen, Honghan Wu
2022	J	`jnl`	Automated clinical coding: what, why, and where we are? npj Digit. Medicine Hang Dong, Matús Falis, William Whiteley, Beatrice Alex, Joshua Matterson, Shaoxiong Ji, Jiaoyan Chen, Honghan Wu
2022	—	`conf`	Beyond Explanation: A Case for Exploratory Text Visualizations of Non-Aggregated, Annotated Datasets. NLPerspectives@LREC Lucy Havens, Benjamin Bach, Melissa Terras, Beatrice Alex
2022	—	`conf`	Edinburgh_UCL_Health@SMM4H'22: From Glove to Flair for handling imbalanced healthcare corpora related to Adverse Drug Events, Change in medication and self-reporting vaccination. SMM4H@COLING Imane Guellil, Jinge Wu, Honghan Wu, Tony Sun, Beatrice Alex
2022	—	`conf`	Horses to Zebras: Ontology-Guided Data Augmentation and Synthesis for ICD-9 Coding. BioNLP@ACL Matús Falis, Hang Dong, Alexandra Birch, Beatrice Alex
2022	J	`jnl`	Ontology-Based and Weakly Supervised Rare Disease Phenotyping from Clinical Notes. CoRR Hang Dong, Víctor Suárez-Paniagua, Huayu Zhang, Minhong Wang, Arlene Casey, Emma M. Davidson, Jiaoyan Chen, Beatrice Alex, William Whiteley, Honghan Wu
2021	J	`jnl`	A Systematic Review of Natural Language Processing Applied to Radiology Reports. CoRR Arlene Casey, Emma M. Davidson, Michael Tin Chung Poon, Hang Dong, Daniel Duma, Andreas Grivas, Claire Grover, Víctor Suárez-Paniagua, Richard Tobin, William Whiteley, Honghan Wu, Beatrice Alex
2021	J	`jnl`	A systematic review of natural language processing applied to radiology reports. BMC Medical Informatics Decis. Mak. Arlene Casey, Emma M. Davidson, Michael Tin Chung Poon, Hang Dong, Daniel Duma, Andreas Grivas, Claire Grover, Víctor Suárez-Paniagua, Richard Tobin, William Whiteley, Honghan Wu, Beatrice Alex
2021	J	`jnl`	Classifying patient and professional voice in social media health posts. BMC Medical Informatics Decis. Mak. Beatrice Alex, Donald Whyte, Daniel Duma, Roma English Owen, Elizabeth A. L. Fairley
2021	—	`conf`	CoPHE: A Count-Preserving Hierarchical Evaluation Metric in Large-Scale Multi-Label Text Classification. EMNLP (1) Matús Falis, Hang Dong, Alexandra Birch, Beatrice Alex
2021	J	`jnl`	CoPHE: A Count-Preserving Hierarchical Evaluation Metric in Large-Scale Multi-Label Text Classification. CoRR Matús Falis, Hang Dong, Alexandra Birch, Beatrice Alex
2021	J	`jnl`	Comparison of rule-based and neural network models for negation detection in radiology reports. Nat. Lang. Eng. D. Sykes, Andreas Grivas, Claire Grover, Richard Tobin, Cathie Sudlow, William Whiteley, Andrew M. McIntosh, Heather Whalley, Beatrice Alex
2021	B	`conf`	Extending defoe for the Efficient Analysis of Historical Texts at Scale. e-Science Rosa Filgueira, Claire Grover, Vasilios Karaiskos, Beatrice Alex, Sarah Van Eyndhoven, Lisa Gotthard, Melissa Terras
2021	J	`jnl`	Plague Dot Text: Text mining and annotation of outbreak reports of the Third Plague Pandemic (1894-1952). J. Data Min. Digit. Humanit. Arlene Casey, Mike Bennett, Richard Tobin, Claire Grover, Iona Walker, Lukas Engelmann, Beatrice Alex
2021	J	`jnl`	The Online Pivot: Lessons Learned from Teaching a Text and Data Mining Course in Lockdown, Enhancing online Teaching with Pair Programming and Digital Badges. CoRR Beatrice Alex, Clare Llewellyn, Pawel Michal Orzechowski, Maria Boutchkova
2021	J	`jnl`	The reporting quality of natural language processing studies: systematic review of studies of radiology reports. BMC Medical Imaging Emma M. Davidson, Michael Tin Chung Poon, Arlene Casey, Andreas Grivas, Daniel Duma, Hang Dong, Víctor Suárez-Paniagua, Claire Grover, Richard Tobin, Heather Whalley, Honghan Wu, Beatrice Alex, William Whiteley
2020	—	`conf`	Not a cute stroke: Analysis of Rule- and Neural Network-based Information Extraction Systems for Brain Radiology Reports. LOUHI@EMNLP Andreas Grivas, Beatrice Alex, Claire Grover, Richard Tobin, William Whiteley
2020	J	`jnl`	Plague Dot Text: Text mining and annotation of outbreak reports of the Third Plague Pandemic (1894-1952). CoRR Arlene Casey, Mike Bennett, Richard Tobin, Claire Grover, Iona Walker, Lukas Engelmann, Beatrice Alex
2020	J	`jnl`	Situated Data, Situated Systems: A Methodology to Engage with Power Relations in Natural Language Processing Research. CoRR Lucy Havens, Melissa Terras, Benjamin Bach, Beatrice Alex
2019	—	`conf`	"Why is the Doctor a Man": Reactions of Older Adults to a Virtual Training Doctor. CHI Extended Abstracts Aurora Constantin, Catherine Lai, Elaine Farrow, Beatrice Alex, Ruth Pel-Littel, Henk Herman Nap, Johan Jeuring
2019	J	`jnl`	A validated natural language processing algorithm for brain imaging phenotypes from radiology reports in UK electronic health records. BMC Medical Informatics Decis. Mak. Emily Wheater, Grant Mair, Cathie Sudlow, Beatrice Alex, Claire Grover, William Whiteley
2019	A	`conf`	Detecting Topic-Oriented Speaker Stance in Conversational Speech. INTERSPEECH Catherine Lai, Beatrice Alex, Johanna D. Moore, Leimin Tian, Tatsuro Hori, Gianpiero Francesca
2019	J	`jnl`	Geoparsing historical and contemporary literary text set in the City of Edinburgh. Lang. Resour. Evaluation Beatrice Alex, Claire Grover, Richard Tobin, Jon Oberlander
2019	J	`jnl`	Named Entity Recognition for Electronic Health Records: A Comparison of Rule-based and Machine Learning Approaches. CoRR Philip John Gorinski, Honghan Wu, Claire Grover, Richard Tobin, Conn Talbot, Heather Whalley, Cathie Sudlow, William Whiteley, Beatrice Alex
2019	—	`conf`	Plague Dot Text: Text Mining and Annotation of Outbreak Reports of the Third Plague Pandemic (1894-1952). HistoInformatics@TPDL Arlene Casey, Mike Bennett, Richard Tobin, Claire Grover, Lukas Engelmann, Beatrice Alex
2019	—	`ed.`	Proceedings of the 3rd Joint SIGHUM Workshop on Computational Linguistics for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, Humanities and Literature, LaTeCH@NAACL-HLT 2019, Minneapolis, MN, USA, June 7, 2019 LaTeCH@NAACL-HLT Beatrice Alex, Stefania Degaetano-Ortlieb, Anna Kazantseva, Nils Reiter, Stan Szpakowicz
2019	J	`jnl`	Text mining brain imaging reports. J. Biomed. Semant. Beatrice Alex, Claire Grover, Richard Tobin, Cathie Sudlow, Grant Mair, William Whiteley
2018	—	`ed.`	Proceedings of the Second Joint SIGHUM Workshop on Computational Linguistics for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, Humanities and Literature, LaTeCH@COLING 2018, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, August 25, 2018 LaTeCH@COLING Beatrice Alex, Stefania Degaetano-Ortlieb, Anna Feldman, Anna Kazantseva, Nils Reiter, Stan Szpakowicz
2017	J	`jnl`	Palimpsest: Improving assisted curation of loco-specific literature. Digit. Scholarsh. Humanit. Beatrice Alex, Claire Grover, Jon Oberlander, Tara Thomson, Miranda Anderson, James Loxley, Uta Hinrichs, Ke Zhou
2017	—	`ed.`	Proceedings of the Joint SIGHUM Workshop on Computational Linguistics for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, Humanities and Literature, LaTeCH@ACL 2017, Vancouver, Canada, August 4, 2017 LaTeCH@ACL Beatrice Alex, Stefania Degaetano-Ortlieb, Anna Feldman, Anna Kazantseva, Nils Reiter, Stan Szpakowicz
2016	B	`conf`	Homing in on Twitter Users: Evaluating an Enhanced Geoparser for User Profile Locations. LREC Beatrice Alex, Clare Llewellyn, Claire Grover, Jon Oberlander, Richard Tobin
2016	—	`ed.`	Proceedings of the 10th SIGHUM Workshop on Language Technology for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, and Humanities, LaTeCH@ACL 2016, August 11, 2016, Berlin, Germany LaTeCH@ACL Beatrice Alex, Nils Reiter
2015	J	`jnl`	Adapting the Edinburgh Geoparser for Historical Georeferencing. Int. J. Humanit. Arts Comput. Beatrice Alex, Kate Byrne, Claire Grover, Richard Tobin
2015	B	`conf`	Extracting a Topic Specific Dataset from a Twitter Archive. TPDL Clare Llewellyn, Claire Grover, Beatrice Alex, Jon Oberlander, Richard Tobin
2015	—	`ed.`	Proceedings of the 9th SIGHUM Workshop on Language Technology for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, and Humanities, LaTeCH@ACL 2015, July 30, 2015, Beijing, China LaTeCH@ACL Kalliopi Zervanou, Marieke van Erp, Beatrice Alex
2015	J	`jnl`	Trading Consequences: A Case Study of Combining Text Mining and Visualization to Facilitate Document Exploration. Digit. Scholarsh. Humanit. Uta Hinrichs, Beatrice Alex, Jim Clifford, Andrew Watson, Aaron J. Quigley, Ewan Klein, Colin Coates
2014	—	`conf`	A Web-based Geo-resolution Annotation and Evaluation Tool. LAW@COLING Beatrice Alex, Kate Byrne, Claire Grover, Richard Tobin
2014	—	`conf`	Bootstrapping a historical commodities lexicon with SKOS and DBpedia. LaTeCH@EACL Ewan Klein, Beatrice Alex, Jim Clifford
2014	—	`conf`	Estimating and rating the quality of optically character recognised text. DATeCH Beatrice Alex, John Burns
2014	—	`conf`	Trading Consequences: A Case Study of Combining Text Mining & Visualisation to Facilitate Document Exploration. DH Uta Hinrichs, Beatrice Alex, Jim Clifford, Aaron Quigley
2012	—	`conf`	Digitised historical text: Does it have to be mediOCRe?. KONVENS Beatrice Alex, Claire Grover, Ewan Klein, Richard Tobin
2010	—	`conf`	Agile Corpus Annotation in Practice: An Overview of Manual and Automatic Annotation of CVs. Linguistic Annotation Workshop Beatrice Alex, Claire Grover, Rongzhou Shen, Mijail A. Kabadjov
2010	—	`conf`	Edinburgh-LTG: TempEval-2 System Description. SemEval@ACL Claire Grover, Richard Tobin, Beatrice Alex, Kate Byrne
2008	Misc	`conf`	Assisted Curation: Does Text Mining Really Help?. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing Beatrice Alex, Claire Grover, Barry Haddow, Mijail Kabadjor, Ewan Klein, Michael Matthews, Stuart Roebuck, Richard Tobin, Xinglong Wang
2008	—	`—`	Automatic detection of English inclusions in mixed-lingual text with an application to parsing. Beatrice Alex
2008	B	`conf`	Comparing Corpus-based to Web-based Lookup Techniques for Automatic English Inclusion Detection. LREC Beatrice Alex
2008	B	`conf`	Exploiting Multiply Annotated Corpora in Biomedical Information Extraction Tasks. LREC Barry Haddow, Beatrice Alex
2007	—	`conf`	Recognising Nested Named Entities in Biomedical Text. BioNLP@ACL Beatrice Alex, Barry Haddow, Claire Grover
2007	—	`conf`	Using Foreign Inclusion Detection to Improve Parsing Performance. EMNLP-CoNLL Beatrice Alex, Amit Dubey, Frank Keller
2006	B	`conf`	The Impact of Annotation on the Performance of Protein Tagging in Biomedical Text. LREC Beatrice Alex, Malvina Nissim, Claire Grover
2005	A*	`conf`	An Unsupervised System for Identifying English Inclusions in German Text. ACL Beatrice Alex
2005	J	`jnl`	Exploring the boundaries: gene and protein identification in biomedical text. BMC Bioinform. Jenny Rose Finkel, Shipra Dingare, Christopher D. Manning, Malvina Nissim, Beatrice Alex, Claire Grover
2005	B	`conf`	Investigating the Effects of Selective Sampling on the Annotation Task. CoNLL Ben Hachey, Beatrice Alex, Markus Becker
2004	—	`conf`	Cross-Lingual Question Answering Using Off-the-Shelf Machine Translation. CLEF Kisuh Ahn, Beatrice Alex, Johan Bos, Tiphaine Dalmas, Jochen L. Leidner, Matthew Smillie