Amar Ramdane-Cherif

171 papers A* 2A 3B 7C 20Misc 5Journal 61Unranked 71
YearRankTypeTitle / Venue / Authors
2026 J jnl
Data Min. Knowl. Discov.
Marouane Alilou, Bikram Pratim Bhuyan, Rachida Fissoune, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2025 J jnl
Peer Peer Netw. Appl.
Sylia Mekhmoukh Taleb, Karim Baiche, Yassine Meraihi, Selma Yahia, Seyedali Mirjalili, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2025 ed.
ICACDS
Mayank Singh, Vipin Tyagi, P. K. Gupta, Jan Flusser, Tuncer I. Ören, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Ravi Tomar
2025 J jnl
Neural Comput. Appl.
Alexandre Lambert, Aakash Soni, Assia Soukane, Arnaud Rabat, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2025 conf
CSAI
Manolo Dulva Hina, Olfa Lamouchi, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2025 C conf
PEMWN
Souad Refas, Yassine Meraihi, Galina Ivanova, Karim Baiche, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Dalila Acheli
2024 J jnl
Neural Comput. Appl.
Bikram Pratim Bhuyan, T. P. Singh, Ravi Tomar, Yassine Meraihi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2024 J jnl
Neurocomputing
Alexandre Lambert, Aakash Soni, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Arnaud Rabat
2024 C conf
KEOD
Alexandre Lambert, Aakash Soni, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Arnaud Rabat
2024 J jnl
IEEE Access
Youssef Al-Ozaibi, Manolo Dulva Hina, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2024 J jnl
J. Sens. Actuator Networks
Naila Bouchemal, Nicolas Chollet, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2024 J jnl
Neural Comput. Appl.
Bikram Pratim Bhuyan, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Ravi Tomar, T. P. Singh
2024 J jnl
SN Comput. Sci.
Bikram Pratim Bhuyan, Thipendra Pal Singh, Ravi Tomar, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2024 C conf
APCC
Bikram Pratim Bhuyan, Manolo Dulva Hina, Jean Tshibangu Muabila, Yunus Emre Çoban, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2024 conf
CCCE
Jean Tshibangu Muabila, Sebti Mouelhi, Patrick Leserf, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2023 J jnl
IEEE Access
Amylia Ait-Saadi, Assia Soukane, Yassine Meraihi, Asma Benmessaoud Gabis, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2023 J jnl
Comput.
Bikram Pratim Bhuyan, Vaishnavi Jaiswal, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2023 B conf
PIMRC
Selma Yahia, Yassine Meraihi, Sylia Mekhmoukh Taleb, Seyedali Mirjalili, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Tu Dac Ho, Hossien B. Eldeeb, Sami Muhaidat
2023 J jnl
Comput. Electr. Eng.
Amylia Ait-Saadi, Yassine Meraihi, Assia Soukane, Selma Yahia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Asma Benmessaoud Gabis
2023 conf
MeditCom
Selma Yahia, Yassine Meraihi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Hossien B. Eldeeb, Sami Muhaidat, Tu Dac Ho
2023 conf
6GNet
Nicolas Chollet, Naila Bouchemal, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2023 J jnl
IEEE Access
Selma Yahia, Yassine Meraihi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Tu Dac Ho, Hossien B. Eldeeb
2023 C conf
KEOD
Nicolas Chollet, Naila Bouchemal, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2023 J jnl
Mob. Networks Appl.
Sylia Mekhmoukh Taleb, Yassine Meraihi, Seyedali Mirjalili, Dalila Acheli, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Asma Benmessaoud Gabis
2023 conf
ICMLDE
Bikram Pratim Bhuyan, Thipendra Pal Singh, Ravi Tomar, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2023 conf
ICECET
Manolo Dulva Hina, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2023 J jnl
IEEE Access
Souad Refas, Dalila Acheli, Selma Yahia, Yassine Meraihi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nhan-Van Vo, Tu Dac Ho
2023 conf
ICSRS
Jean Tshibangu Muabila, Sebti Mouelhi, Patrick Leserf, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2022 J jnl
Comput. Electr. Eng.
Amylia Ait-Saadi, Yassine Meraihi, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Asma Benmessaoud Gabis
2022 J jnl
Int. J. Inf. Technol. Decis. Mak.
Manolo Dulva Hina, Hongyu Guan, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2022 Misc conf
ITNAC
Nicolas Chollet, Naila Bouchemal, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2022 conf
ICAASE
Sylia Mekhmoukh Taleb, Yassine Meraihi, Seyedali Mirjalili, Dalila Acheli, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Asma Benmessaoud Gabis
2022 J jnl
SN Comput. Sci.
Yassine Meraihi, Asma Benmessaoud Gabis, Seyedali Mirjalili, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Fawaz E. Alsaadi
2022 J jnl
CoRR
Alexandre Lambert, Manolo Dulva Hina, Celine Barth, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2022 J jnl
Neural Comput. Appl.
Sylia Mekhmoukh Taleb, Yassine Meraihi, Asma Benmessaoud Gabis, Seyedali Mirjalili, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2022 J jnl
J. Sens. Actuator Networks
Abderraouf Khezaz, Manolo Dulva Hina, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2022 J jnl
Comput. Commun.
Selma Yahia, Yassine Meraihi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Asma Benmessaoud Gabis, Hossien B. Eldeeb
2022 J jnl
IEEE Access
Sylia Mekhmoukh Taleb, Yassine Meraihi, Asma Benmessaoud Gabis, Seyedali Mirjalili, Atef Zaguia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2022 conf
ICUFN
Nicolas Chollet, Naila Bouchemal, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2021 J jnl
J. Netw. Comput. Appl.
Selma Yahia, Yassine Meraihi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Asma Benmessaoud Gabis, Dalila Acheli, Hongyu Guan
2021 J jnl
Artif. Intell. Rev.
Yassine Meraihi, Asma Benmessaoud Gabis, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Dalila Acheli
2021 J jnl
Artif. Intell. Rev.
Asma Benmessaoud Gabis, Yassine Meraihi, Seyedali Mirjalili, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2021 conf
IEEE BigData
Bikram Pratim Bhuyan, Ravi Tomar, Maanak Gupta, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2021 J jnl
CoRR
Bikram Pratim Bhuyan, Ravi Tomar, Maanak Gupta, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2021 J jnl
J. Sens. Actuator Networks
Quentin Cabanes, Benaoumeur Senouci, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2021 J jnl
IEEE Access
Yassine Meraihi, Asma Benmessaoud Gabis, Seyedali Mirjalili, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2021 J jnl
J. Sens. Actuator Networks
Abderraouf Khezaz, Manolo Dulva Hina, Hongyu Guan, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2021 C conf
KEOD
Alexandre Lambert, Manolo Dulva Hina, Celine Barth, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2021 J jnl
J. Ambient Intell. Humaniz. Comput.
Ikram Nedjai Merrouche, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Amina Makhlouf
2020 J jnl
Neural Comput. Appl.
Yassine Meraihi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Dalila Acheli, Mohammed Mahseur
2020 C conf
KEOD
Abderraouf Khezaz, Manolo Dulva Hina, Hongyu Guan, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2020 J jnl
J. Ambient Intell. Humaniz. Comput.
Isma Boudouane, Amina Makhlouf, Mohamed Aures Harkat, Mohamed Zakaria Hammouche, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2020 conf
SmartCity360°
Abderraouf Khezaz, Manolo Dulva Hina, Hongyu Guan, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2020 conf
SmartCity360°
Sofiane Ibrahim Benchabane, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2020 J jnl
Biomed. Signal Process. Control.
Sofiane Ibrahim Benchabane, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2020 conf
NISS
Isma Boudouane, Amina Makhlouf, Mohamed Aures Harkat, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2020 conf
CompSysTech
Azeddine Hamadi, Manolo Dulva Hina, Nadia Saadia, Galina Ivanova, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2019 conf
ICAIIC
Quentin Cabanes, Benaoumeur Senouci, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2019 J jnl
Int. J. Distributed Syst. Technol.
Madjid Kara, Olfa Lamouchi, Manolo Dulva Hina, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2019 J jnl
Int. J. Distributed Syst. Technol.
Madjid Kara, Olfa Lamouchi, Manolo Dulva Hina, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2019 J jnl
Int. J. Commun. Networks Distributed Syst.
Yassine Meraihi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Mohammed Mahseur, Dalila Acheli
2019 J jnl
Autom. Control. Comput. Sci.
Nacereddine Djelal, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2019 J jnl
J. Ambient Intell. Humaniz. Comput.
Amina Makhlouf, Isma Boudouane, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2019 B conf
SCA
Nacereddine Djelal, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2019 conf
MED
Manolo Dulva Hina, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2019 J jnl
Neural Comput. Appl.
Yassine Meraihi, Dalila Acheli, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2019 J jnl
Int. J. Swarm Intell. Res.
Karim Baiche, Yassine Meraihi, Manolo Dulva Hina, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Mohammed Mahseur
2019 B conf
SCA
Isma Boudouane, Amina Makhlouf, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2018 conf
MISC
Yassine Meraihi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Mohammed Mahseur, Dalila Achelia
2018 conf
ICAART (2)
Ikram Nedjai Merrouche, Amina Makhlouf, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2018 A* conf
ICRA
Omar Adjali, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2018 conf
SITIS
Houda Chihi, Rafik Zitouni, Ridha Bouallegue, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2018 C conf
IC3K
Manolo Dulva Hina, Andrea Ortalda, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2018 conf
CompSysTech
Manolo Dulva Hina, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Galina Ivanova
2018 C conf
KEOD
Andrea Ortalda, Abdallah Moujahid, Manolo Dulva Hina, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2018 conf
AFRICATEK
Manolo Dulva Hina, Sébastien Dourlens, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2017 conf
EUSPN/ICTH
Madjid Kara, Olfa Lamouchi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2017 J jnl
Int. J. Metaheuristics
Yassine Meraihi, Dalila Acheli, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Mohammed Mahseur
2017 B conf
ICECCS
Sebti Mouelhi, Daniela Cancila, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2017 J jnl
J. Ambient Intell. Smart Environ.
Nadia Touileb Djaid, Sébastien Dourlens, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2017 J jnl
Int. J. Cogn. Informatics Nat. Intell.
Omar Adjali, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2017 conf
ANT/SEIT
Amina Makhlouf, Ikram Nedjai Merrouche, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2017 C conf
KEOD
Manolo Dulva Hina, Clement Thierry, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2017 conf
IEEE ICCI*CC
Omar Adjali, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2017 conf
ICC
Madjid Kara, Olfa Lamouchi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2017 J jnl
J. Ubiquitous Syst. Pervasive Networks
Madjid Kara, Olfa Lamouchi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2016 conf
ICSI (1)
Sofiane Ibrahim Benchabane, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2016 J jnl
Int. J. Artif. Intell. Tools
Yassine Meraihi, Dalila Acheli, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2016 conf
IntelliSys (1)
Manolo Dulva Hina, Hongyu Guan, Nan Deng, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2016 conf
ICSI (2)
Mohamed Nabil Houam, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nacereddine Djelal
2016 conf
ANT/SEIT
Nadia Touileb Djaid, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2016 conf
ANT/SEIT
Madjid Kara, Olfa Lamouchi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2016 conf
ICSI (2)
Nacereddine Djelal, Isma Boudouane, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2016 conf
ITSC
Manolo Dulva Hina, Hongyu Guan, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nan Deng
2016 conf
CompSysTech
Manolo Dulva Hina, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Sébastien Dourlens
2016 conf
ICCI*CC
Giacomo Briochi, Marco Colombetti, Manolo Dulva Hina, Assia Soukane, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2015 J jnl
Int. J. Comput. Intell. Syst.
Atef Zaguia, Chakib Tadj, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2015 conf
ANT/SEIT
Nadia Touileb Djaid, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2015 conf
ANT/SEIT
Omar Adjali, Manolo Dulva Hina, Sébastien Dourlens, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2015 conf
ICSI (1)
Nadia Touileb Djaid, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2015 conf
ICAART (2)
Amina Makhlouf, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2014 conf
IWSM/Mensura
Hassan Soubra, Alain Abran, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2013 J jnl
Appl. Intell.
Sébastien Dourlens, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Éric Monacelli
2013 J jnl
J. Ambient Intell. Smart Environ.
Sébastien Dourlens, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Éric Monacelli
2012 conf
IWSM/Mensura
Hassan Soubra, Alain Abran, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2012 Misc conf
UbiComp
Ahmad Wehbi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Chakib Tadj
2012 Misc conf
UbiComp
Nadia Touileb Djaid, Nadia Saadia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2012 conf
ANT/MobiWIS
Manolo Dulva Hina, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Marietta S. Sicat, Rodolfo S. Vargas
2011 J jnl
Int. J. Cogn. Informatics Nat. Intell.
Sébastien Dourlens, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2011 conf
IWSM/Mensura
Hassan Soubra, Alain Abran, Sophie Stern, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2011 conf
CompSysTech
Ahmad Wehbi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Chakib Tadj
2011 conf
CompSysTech
R. Ben Mosbah, Sébastien Dourlens, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy, Francisca Losavio
2011 C conf
ICOST
Ahmad Wehbi, Manolo Dulva Hina, Atef Zaguia, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Chakib Tadj
2011 conf
IEEE IA
Sébastien Dourlens, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2011 conf
CompSysTech
R. Ben Mosbah, Sébastien Dourlens, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy, Francisca Losavio
2010 ch.
Autonomic Communication
Manolo Dulva Hina, Chakib Tadj, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy
2010 conf
IEEE ICCI
Sébastien Dourlens, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2010 conf
ICICA (LNCS)
Sébastien Dourlens, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2009 B conf
ICAART
Hicham Djenidi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy
2009 J jnl
J. Multim.
Ali Awde, Manolo Dulva Hina, Chakib Tadj, Yacine Bellik, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2009 conf
CompSysTech
Hicham Djenidi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy, Chakib Tadj
2009 conf
Software Engineering Research and Practice
Olfa Lamouchi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy
2009 B conf
ICAART
Olfa Lamouchi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy
2008 Misc conf
APCCM
Olfa Lamouchi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy
2008 conf
CompSysTech
Olfa Lamouchi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy
2007 C conf
ISM
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Manolo Dulva Hina, Chakib Tadj, Nicole Lévy
2007 C conf
CAINE
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Olfa Lamouchi, Nicole Lévy
2007 C conf
CAINE
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Manolo Dulva Hina, Chakib Tadj, Nicole Lévy
2007 C conf
GPC
Ali Awde, Manolo Dulva Hina, Yacine Bellik, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Chakib Tadj
2007 J jnl
Int. J. Cogn. Informatics Nat. Intell.
Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2007 J jnl
Res. Comput. Sci.
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Chakib Tadj, Manolo Dulva Hina, Nicole Lévy
2006 C conf
GPC
Ali Awde, Manolo Dulva Hina, Chakib Tadj, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Yacine Bellik
2006 conf
CCECE
Manolo Dulva Hina, Chakib Tadj, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2006 conf
CCECE
G. Ngantchaha, Chakib Tadj, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2006 J jnl
Comput. Stat. Data Anal.
Abdelaziz Ouali, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Marie-Odile Krebs
2006 B conf
WiMob
Manolo Dulva Hina, Chakib Tadj, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2005 C conf
ISM
Manolo Dulva Hina, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Chakib Tadj
2005 conf
WiMob (4)
Manolo Dulva Hina, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Chakib Tadj
2005 conf
IEEE ICCI
Abdelaziz Ouali, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Marie-Odile Krebs
2005 J jnl
J. Object Technol.
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Samir Benarif, Nicole Lévy
2005 Misc conf
IWANN
Abdelaziz Ouali, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Marie-Odile Krebs
2004 J jnl
J. Object Technol.
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy, Francisca Losavio
2004 conf
IEEE ICCI
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Samir Benarif, Nicole Lévy
2004 C conf
EUC
Francisca Losavio, Nicole Lévy, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2004 J jnl
Inf. Syst. Manag.
Francisca Losavio, Ledis Chirinos, Alfredo Matteo, Nicole Lévy, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2004 conf
ISTA
Olfa Lamouchi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy
2004 J jnl
EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process.
Hicham Djenidi, Samir Benarif, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Chakib Tadj, Nicole Lévy
2004 J jnl
J. Object Technol.
Hicham Djenidi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Chakib Tadj, Nicole Lévy
2004 J jnl
J. Syst. Softw.
Francisca Losavio, Ledis Chirinos, Alfredo Matteo, Nicole Lévy, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2004 conf
Software Engineering Research and Practice
Samir Benarif, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy
2004 conf
QSIC
Samir Benarif, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy, Francisca Losavio
2004 C conf
CAINE
Abdelaziz Ouali, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy, Marie-Odile Krebs
2004 A conf
INTERSPEECH
Chakib Tadj, Hicham Djenidi, Madjid Haouani, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy
2003 conf
Software Engineering Research and Practice
Samir Benarif, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy
2003 conf
IASSE
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Samir Benarif, Nicole Lévy
2003 conf
IEEE ICCI
Abdelaziz Ouali, Z. Ramdane-Cherif, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy, Marie-Odile Krebs
2003 conf
IEEE ICCI
Amel Berni, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nadia Saadia, Nicole Lévy
2003 J jnl
J. Object Technol.
Francisca Losavio, Ledis Chirinos, Nicole Lévy, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2002 conf
IEEE ICCI
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy, Hicham Djenidi, Chakib Tadj
2002 conf
IHM
Hicham Djenidi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Chakib Tadj, Nicole Lévy
2002 conf
ISMSE
Hicham Djenidi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Chakib Tadj, Nicole Lévy
2002 conf
WICSA
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Nicole Lévy, Francisca Losavio
2002 A conf
IROS
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Boubaker Daachi, Abdelaziz Benallegue, Nicole Lévy
2002 A conf
IROS
Abdelaziz Benallegue, Boubaker Daachi, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2001 C conf
ICANN
Nadia Saadia, Yassine Amirat, Jean Pontnau, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
2001 conf
IWANN (2)
Nadia Saadia, Yassine Amirat, Jean Pontnau, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
1997 C conf
ICANN
Nadia Saadia, Yassine Amirat, Jean Pontnau, Amar Ramdane-Cherif
1997 conf
CIRA
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, D. Yahia Meddah, Véronique Perdereau, Michel Drouin
1996 A* conf
ICRA
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Véronique Perdereau, Michel Drouin
1995 conf
ICNN
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Véronique Perdereau, Jérôme Morin-Drouin
1995 conf
ICNN
Amar Ramdane-Cherif, Véronique Perdereau, Michel Drouin